Objective To investigate the diagnostic and theraputic problems in patients with smooth muscle tumors of the duodenum.Method The clinical data from 7 cases smooth muscle tumors were analyzed retrospectively which were treated surgically and confirmed pathologically in our hospital from 1987 to 2001.Results Of all the cases,4 had a leiomyoma in the duodenum and 3 leiomysarcoma.This disease is lack of pathognomonic sign and difficult for early diagnosis.All the cases were treated surgically and got good results.Conclusions Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common in patients with this disease.Upper gastrointestinal tract examination and gastrduodenoscopy and CT scan are the main methods for diagnosis.Operation is the best choice for treatment.

Some transport systems are foun d both in intestine and kidney with functional and morphological similarities, suc h as peptide transport system, organic anion transport system, organic cation tr ansport system, and P-glycoprotein-mediated transport system. All these transp ort systems participate in the transporting process of ?-lactam antibiotics in different extent. It suggests that inhibitors of renal transport may also affec t the drug absorption of the intestine.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of serum indapamide concentration.METHOD:10healthy male volunteers were assigned to receive7.5mg indapamide capsule on empty stomach with time-concentration de?termined by HPLC,and the pharmacokinetics parameters were accounted.RESULTS:C max was(0.212?0.167)mg/L,t max was(2.14?0.59)h,t 1/2 was(19.69?0.75)h,AUC 0～72 was(3.636?0.503)(mg?L)/h and AUC 0～∝ was(3.937?0.518)(mg?L)/h.CONCLUSION:The established method can be used for the clinical analysis on the use of indapamide and its pharmacokinetics study.

Ductal carcinoma in situ belongs to the early stage of breast cancer.The treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ is similar with that of the breast cancer.Because of the low mortality rate in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ,there was an excessive treatment in the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ.So the key to the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ was to improve the quality of life.The present study shows that the effect of conserving surgery with radiotherapy is same with mastectomy's in the treatment of breast ductal carcinoma in situ.Sentinel lymph node biopsy can also be used to evaluate the patient's axillary status.For patients with ductal carcinoma in situ with breast conserving surgery,radiotherapy and endocrine therapy can reduce the recurrence rate of ipsilateral breast cancer.Radiotherapy and endocrine therapy have also become the standard treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ.

Objective To investigate the etiology, pathology, diagnosis and management of patients with fat necrosis of breast (FNB). Method The clinical data of 50 cases of FNB confirmed pathologically in our hospital from 1966 to 2001 were analyzed retrospectively. Results All the patients in this series were females with the average age of 32.5 years and 56% of the patients over 30 years. The main clinical feature was breast lump and some of the patients had a trauma history. 48 patients were treated surgically and other 2 got an accurate diagnosis by biopsy and were treated by non operative therapy. Conclusions FNB is easily misdiagnosed and difficult to be differentiated from breast cancer, thus the surgery or needle biopsy is recommended.

Objective To evaluate and analyze the CT imaging of preoperative SOX regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.Methods A total of 33 patients with advanced gastric cancer treated in our hospital from January 2010 to February 2015 were enrolled for the study and given tegafur gimeracil oteracil potassium capsule plus oxaliplatin for injection as preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.And all the patients were given surgery after 3 cycles of SOX regimen chemotherapy, and surgical resection of the tumor was taken as the final pathology gold standard.The CT imaging data of the patients before and after the chemotherapy was counted and then analyzed and compared with the pathological data to clarify the value of CT imaging in the evaluation of SOX regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.Results The effective rate was 33.33% and the ineffective rate was 66.67% in the preoperative SOX regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer through clear surgical pathology.The correlation between tumor volume reduction and pathological grading was the strongest(r=0.581, P<0.001).By ROC analysis, the best area value(AUC) of the tumor volume reduction rate was 0.834.When the tumor volume reduction rate with 36.94% was taken as the effective threshold for SOX regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the sensitivity and specificity of the evaluation were the best with 74.62% and 83.01% respectively.Conclusion sCT volume measurement can be used as a reliable clinical data to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative SOX regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer and have certain guiding significance in the late treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in human breast cancers and its relationship with the clinicopathological parameters,evaluate the relevance of MMP-8 levels to metastases in breast cancer.Methods Human specimens were obtained from 50 patients with invasive ductal carcinomas,and 20 normal breast glands were enrolled.Intact clinical parameters were aviliable for all patients.The protein expression of MMP-8 was determined by immunohistocbemistry technology SP.Results The rate of MMP-8 positive breast cancer was significantly higher than that in normal breast glands [68 ％ (34/50) vs 15 ％ (3/20),P ＜ 0.05].The expression of MMP-8 showed a negative correlation with breast cancer staging.The expression of MMP-8 in stage Ⅰ was higher than that in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ/Ⅳ[94 ％ (15/16),57 ％ (13/23),55 ％ (6/11),P ＜ 0.05].Lymph node negative patients had a higher MMP-8 expression than patients with lymph node metastases [84 ％ (21/25) vs 50 ％ (13/25),P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion MMP-8 expression is associated with human breast cancer metastases and might be involved in inhibiting metastases.

The orphan drug management system can significantly improve the quality of care and that of life of patients suffering from rare diseases, and accelerate the progress of medicinal science. With experiences of practicing the orphan drug management system in developed countries and regions,including certification of orphan drugs, supports for developing orphan drugs, market protection and clinic application management. Based on such studies, the authors discussed the feasibility and methodology of establishing an orphan drug management system in China, along with the significance of such a system.

Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is a collagen which belongs to matrix metalloproteinase.Its function is that degrades collagen and be involved in inflammation.In breast cancer,the level of expression of MMP-8 is related to the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer as well as the clinical and pathological stage of breast cancer,but it is unclear on the molecular mechanism of MMP-8 in the malignant tumor.The research of expression in breast cancer prognosis of breast cancer will provide a reliable assessment of molecular marker.

Objective]This article discussed Professor Xie Jianguo's survival with tumor experience on advanced lung cancer treatment in the last decade. [Methods]To observe Professor Xie Jianguo's survival with tumor experience of advanced lung cancer on the clinical treatment process, and organize related cases, which summarized the unique thoughts of treatment, commonly used empirical prescriptions and demonstrated with typical clinical cases. [Resluts] Professor Xie Jianguo's theoretical guidance on advanced lung cancer treatment, included tumor inhibition, anticancer effect, survival with tumor. Treatment methods, included recruitment of the vital qi, adjusting the internal environment, the phlegm, stasis toxin factors, with rigorous thinking, sophisticated medication. [Conclusion] Professor Xie Jianguo's survival with tumor experience on advanced lung cancer treatment has remarkable significance in guiding clinical treatment.