Objective To examine the effect of hydroxyethyl starch (HES 6%, 200/0.5) on reticuloendothelial system (RES) function in hemorrhagic shock. Methods Thirty 8 to 12-week-old Wistar rats weighing 250-350g were randomly divided into two groups: HES group ( n = 15) and control group ( n =15) . The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 0.5% pentobarbital sodium 30mg ?kg-1 Bilateral common carotid arteries were exposed and cannulated for MAP monitoring and blood-letting. Blood was gradually removed until MAP dropped to 40mm Hg, which was maintained for 60min. Then same amount of HES (HES group) or Dextran (control group) was infused. The Kupffer cells were separated and purified before hemorrhagic shock (T0), at 12h (T1) 24h (T2) 48h (T3) and 72h (T4) after HES or DEX infusion, when the animals recovered from shock. Phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells (KC) was measured by counting the amount of Latex particles ingested by KC. Results At the same intervals (T1-4) there was no significant difference in phagocytic activity of KC between the two groups. There was no significant difference in phagocytic activity of KC between T0 (baseline) and T1-4 in both groups.Conclusions The phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells in not affected by removed of 20-30% blood volume which was replaced by same amount of HES.

Objective To investigate the surgical management of atrophic gallbladder.Methods The clinical data of 85 patients with atrophic gallbladder surgically treated in our hospital from October 2002 to October 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 3 cases of iatrogenic bile duct damage,2 of enteral damage,1of post operative remaining small gall bladder,1 of remain ingstonesinthe bile duct and 1 of gallstone ileum.Two 2 patients died after operation.Conclusion Atrophic cholecystitis is always accompanied by many complex clinical problems.Adoption of proper surgical methods can lower the incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective To focus on the complication and manipulation of the ventricle-peritoneal(V-P) shunt operation.Methods The former clinical datas of the V-P operation were reviewed .Results Death rate was 13 percent,infect rate was 13 percent and re-operation rate was 18 percent.Conclusion The rate of the V-P operation complications is so high that avoiding the complications is important to improve success.

Objective To investigate the serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with cerebral infarction and its effect on the prognosis of brain infarction.Methods 113 patients (86 with thrombosis and 27 with lacunar infarction) and 48 healthy persons as control were enrolled in this study. The serum level and abnormal rate of CRP were determined. All the patients were scored by clinic neurological function deficit scale (NDS).Results The serum level of CRP in the patients with thrombosis was higher than that in the patients with lacunar infarction. It was also higher in the patients with lacunar infarction than in normal controls (all P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a turbidimetric method for the determination of the potency of the crude drugs and tablets of oxytetracycline. METHODS: By turbidimetric method in which Staphylococcus aureus was used as the test organism with biomass concentration of 1.0%～1.5% (V/V). The culture temperature was 37 ℃ and the culture time was about 4 h. The method was compared with the cup-plate method in potency. RESULTS: The linear range of oxytetracycline was 0.05～0.4 IU?mL-1. The average recovery of the crude drug of oxytetracycline was 99.59% (RSD=2.0%) and that of oxytetracycline tablets was 99.51% (RSD=1.91%), showing no significant difference as compared with the cup-plate method in contents. CONCLUSIONS: The method was sensitive and rapid yet with few influencing factors thus applicable for the determination of the potencies of oxytetracycline and its tablets.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the titer of main component in kitasamycin tablets and acetylkitasamycin dry suspension.METHODS:Staphylococcus aureus was used as test organism and which were cultured at (37?0.5) ℃ for about 4～5 hours by adding 1.0%～1.5% kitasamycin and 2.0%～2.5% acetylkitasamycin,then the absorbance was determined at a wavelength of 530 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of kitasamycin was 0.5～4.0 IU?mL-1 and that of acetylkitasamycin was 0.45～6.3 IU?mL-1,and their recovery rates were 101.7%(RSD=1.9%,n=9) and 101.1%(RSD=2.1%,n=9),respectively.CONCLUSION:The established turbidimetry is sensitive,rapid yet with few influencing factors,thus it is applicable for the titer determination of main component in kitasamycin tablets and acetylkitasamycin dry suspension.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a rapid, accurate and sensitive method for the determination of nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine which were added into traditional patent medicine illegally. METHODS: The LC-MS method was used to detect the extractive of Chinese patent medicine for antihypertension in respects of relative molecular mass, tandem mass spectrometry fragment, retention time, UV spectrum. The compounds added into the Chinese patent medicine were identified by comparing with standard sample in terms of spectrum, chromatographic and mass spectrometric behavior. RESULTS: According to four aspects of determination, nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine were found in three kinds of Chinese patent medicine for antihypertension. CONCLUSION: The method is selective and sensitive for the detection of nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine which were added into traditional patent medicine illegally.

Objective To study the anatomical feature s of the retroperitoneal cavity around kidney under laparoscope and to provide ana tomical guidance for laparoscopic surgery. Methods Lapar oscopic renal and ureteral operations were performed on 241 patients (145 men an d 96 women; age range,16-75 years;mean age,45.3 years).Through the videos and ph otographs of these operations,the anatomical features were analyzed.The atlas wa s drawn and surgical access was designed. Results Under laparoscope lateral conal fascia continues from the fascia of quadratus lumborum at its lateral border.This fascia covers posterior lamella of Gerota’s fascia and fuses into transversalis fascia beneath peritoneum. Fusion fascia lies befor e anterior lamella of Gerota’s fascia. It extends laterally and disappears grad ually to the lateral reflexion of peritoneum.The plane between fusion fascia and anterior lamella of Gerota's fascia, the plane between lateral conal fascia and posterior lamella of Gerota’s fascia, the plane before the quadratus lumborum and psoas major, are all vessel-free planes.Lateral border of colon,peritoneum and fusion fascia form a triangle lateral to colon.Fusion fascia,lateral conal f ascia and Gerota’s fascia form a vessel-free triangle. Conclusions Dissection through the vessel-free planes prevents laparoscopic op erations from bleeding and organ injury.Full understanding of the laparoscopic a natomical features of the retroperitoneal cavity around kidney provides the anat omic theoretical basis for laparoscopic operations.

Objective To investigate the effect of morphine combined with cisplatin on inva-sionon and migration of human lung adenocarcinoma cell A549.Methods Human lung adenocarcino-ma A549 cells were inoculated on cultured for 24 h,then were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group (group CON),cisplatin group (group CIS),morphine 0.3 μg/ml+ cisplatin group (group MT1),morphine 3 μg/ml+ cisplatin group (group MT2),morphine 30 μg/ml+ cisplatin group (group MT3).Cisplatin concentration was 4μg/ml.Each group was medicated immediately after 48 h incubation,invasion detection cells by Transwell assay,cell scratch assay cell migration ability, Western-blot detection of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2),the expression of MMP-9,Ezrin protein and Fascin protein.Results Compared with group CON,group CIS and morphine combined with cisplatin group reduced tumor cell invasion and migration ability,group MT3 and CIS down-reg-ulated MMP-2,MMP-9,Ezrin and Fascin expression (P<0.05).Compared with group CIS,com-bined with cisplatin group enhanced tumor cell invasion and migration ability group MT3,up-regula-ted MMP-2,MMP-9,Ezrin and Fascin expression (P<0.05).Conclusion Morphine may dose de-pendently reduce cisplatin on invasion and migration of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, and up-regulation of MMP-2,MMP-9,Ezrin,Fascin expression is one of its possible mechanisms.