BACKGROUND:Schatzker V and VI tibial plateau fractures are often accompanied by severe articular facet colapse, separation of tibial condyles, damage of soft tissue and peripheral blood vessels. To reduce soft tissue damage, clinical treatments include limited open and reduction, Kirschner wire internal fixation and external fixation, however, these treatments are ineffective for the reduction of articular facet. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility of titanium aloy locking compression plate fixation through the medial or posteromedial combined anterolateral approaches for treatment of Schatzker V and VI tibial plateau fractures. METHODS:Fifty patients of Schatzker V and VI tibial plateau fractures recruited from our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, and were treated with locking plate fixation through the combined approaches. The repair effect in patients was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After plate fixation, the fractures in 50 patients were clinicaly healed, no cases appeared nonunion, loosening or breakage. According to the Rasmussen Rating, anatomical location average score was (14.3±1.9) points, with the good rate of 90%; average score of knee function was (24.3±2.5) points, with the good rate of 84%. At 1 year post-surgery, knee flexion range was 100°-130°, average 115°. Experimental findings indicate that, the plate fixation through the combined approaches can achieve good stability, good fracture reduction, and good functional recovery in treatment of Schatzker V and VI tibial plateau fractures.

Objective To evaluate the use of LHRH A for treating prostatic cancer with the occurrence of metastasis or recurrence after castration. Methods LHRH A has been instituted to 9 cases of pathologically verified prostatic cancer with the occurrence of metastasis or recurrence after castration.The therapeutic results were studied. Results Ideal improvement was noted in 4 with all the parameters turned normal.These 4 patients have survived well for 7,3,2 and 1 year respectively.Marked improvement occurred in 2 with part of the parameters turned normal or markedly improved shortly after the treatment.The condition of 1 patient became stable with drop of blood PSA and shrinkage of the prostatic mass.In 3 patients,the metastatic lesion became stable.with the use of LHRH A,the penis became markedly atrophic. Conclusions LHRH A is markedly effective in most cases of prostatic cancer with the occurrence of metastasis or recurrence after castration.The therapeutic efficacy depends on the sensitivity of the prostate cancer cells to the drug.Drug resistance may issue as time goes by.

OBJECTIVE:To study the formulation and preparation technique of sterilized puerarin powder for injec?tion.METHODS:The formulation of puerarin powder for injection was optimized by choice of suitable excipients and the sta?bility was observed by accelative test.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The sterilized puerarin powder for injection is stable in quality when lactose and PVP were taken as excipients and the powder was frozen at-30℃and dried up under subatomo?spheric pressure for36h.

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. One of the main pathology is neurofibrillary tangles in neurons,in which principal component is the phosphorylation of tau protein. Previous studies focused on senile plaques and Aβ levels. Recent studies indicated that the development of tau protein closely associated with Alzheimer's disease, especially the abnormal phosphorylation. This paper reviewed the relationship between tau protein phosphorylation and Alzheimer's disease based on the perspective of protein kinases and phosphatases.

BACKGROUND: The upward attack of drug-heat is a special type of syndromes of coexistence of cold and heat, it influence the treatment and conversion of the primary disease.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathophysiological basis of upward attack of drug-heat.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled observation. SETTING: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) of the People' s Central Hospital of Huizhou City.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 427 patients with cold syndrome, visiting on Department of TCM of the People's Central Hospital of Huizhou City from January 1996 to December 2001, were given warm-heat remedy. Among them 66 cases, 30 males and 36 females, got upward attack of drug-heat during the process of treatment were enrolled. All these subjects, according to their visiting order, at a ratio of 2:1, were chosen as treatment group (44 cases) and control group (22 cases).METHODS: For the patients in treatment group: Rhubarb 6 g was added boiling water 100 mL and soaked for 8 minutes, then the soaking solution was given to the patients, once a day, for 3 days successively. For patients in control group: Table salt 6 g was added boiling water 100 mL for soaking for 8 minutes, after the salt was completely dissolved, the solution was given to the patients, once a day for 3 days successively. The patients of the two groups were at the same time given remedy to treat cold syndrome. The changes of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyronine (FT4), high sensitizing thyroid-stimulating hormone (HS-TSH) and cortisol of the patients were detected before and after administration of warm-heat remedy, before and after medication with rhubarb. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The changes of the relevant hormones of the patients with upward attack of drug-heat before and after ad ministration of warm-heat remedy. ② The changes of the relevant hormones of the patients with upward attack of drug-heat before and after ad ministration of rhubarb. ③ Comparison of the therapeutic effects in the two groups.RESULTS: All 66 patients involved entered the final result analysis. ①The changes of the relevant hormones of the patients with upward attack of drug-heat before and after administration of warm-heat remedy: FT3 and FT4 were decreased as compared with those before treatment [(2.51±1.20),(6.50±2.30); (10.01±3.21), (15.50±6.31) pmol/L], but HS-TSH and cortisol were increased as compared with those before treatment [(8.25 ±3.75),(4.11±1.75) mU/L; (0.56±0.17), (0.43±0.10) μmol/L]. ② The changes of the relevant hormones of the patients with upward attack of drug-heat before and after administration of rhubarb: FT3 and FT4 ywere increased as compared with those before treatment[(4.71 ±1.56), (2.45±1.25); (14.21 ±4.61),(10.21±3.52) pmol/L], but HS-TSH and cortisol were decreased as compared with those before treatment [(6.24±2.25), (8.35±3.51) mU/L; (0.48±0.10),(0.60±0.17) μmol/L]. ③ Comparison of the therapeutic effects in the two groups: The rate of excellenly effect in treatment group was obviously higher than that in control group (33%, 5%).CONCLUSION: The pathophysiological basis of upward attack of drug heat is stress state of the body, the secretions of the pituitary-thyroid axis play a role of physiological protection, the adrenocortical function is hyperactive, and rhubarb can control this stress state through inhibiting the metabolism of the body.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of experimental index in incomplete Kawasaki disease (iKD).Methods Eighty-eight cases of KD were reviewed,including iKD 36 cases (iKD group),complete KD(cKD) 52 cases (cKD group).The 88 cases were divided into traditional criterion group (43 cases) and supplement criterion group (45 cases).The experimental indexes of supplement criterion were compared between iKD group and cKD group.Results The rate of coronary artery lesion (CAL) in iKD group was significantly higher than that in cKD group [50.00％(18/36) vs.26.92％(14/52),P ＜ 0.05].Plasma NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) in CAL children (32 cases) in early were significantly higher than those in non CAL children (56 cases) [(468 ± 141) ng/L vs.(379 ± 120) ng/L and (0.95 ±0.22) μg/L vs.(0.49 ±0.15) μg/L,P ＜0.01].The diagnosis rates of KD in the 5th,7th,9th day in supplement criterion group were significantly higher than those in traditional criterion group [64.44％(29/45)vs.25.58％(11/43),84.44％ (38/45) vs.46.51％ (20/43),93.33％(42/45) vs.58.14％ (25/43),P ＜ 0.01].There was no statistical significance between iKD group and cKD group in C reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,albumin,alanine aminotransferase,platelet,white blood cell,NT-proBNP and cTnI etc (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistical significance between iKD group and cKD group in the positive rate of each experimental index (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions There are some changes of supplement experimental index in acute phase of KD,but there is no statistical significance between iKD and cKD.Plasma NT-proBNP and cTnI are significantly higher in early KD.

Objective To evaluate the modified Physical and Operative Severity Score for the Enumera-tion of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM) in predicting the postoperative morbidity in patients with fractures of the pelvis and acetabulum. Methods The clinical data of 94 patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Their postoperative prognosis during hospital stay was evaluated with the POSSUM scoring system modified according to the features of orthopedics and pelvic and acetabular fractures. The peritoneum in-fection in the severity index of operation was replaced by operative approach, the several operations at one time by operative duration, and the cancer by the associated injury. The size and type of operation were made into 4 grades with corresponding orthopedic scores. The scores were compared between the complication group and the non-complication group. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to describe the coincidence degree, define the cut points, and evaluate its predicting capability. Results The mean preoperative physi-ological score (PS) and operative severity score (OS) in the complication group (38 cases) were significantly higher than those in the noncomptication (56 cases) (17.26 ± 2.84 vs 16.04 ± 2.77; 19.50 ± 5. 14 vs 13.00 ±3.81 ) ( P ＜ 0.05) . In the modified POSSUM, the area under ROC curve was 0. 856, the cut point 43%, sen-sitivity 73.68%, specificity 80. 36%, and coincidence degree 77.66%. Conclusions Since the modified POSSUM scoring system has a high capability of predicting postoperative morbidity for fractures of the pelvis and acetabulum, it can be helpful for surgeons to lower operative risks and ensure safety in operation. When the score is higher than the cut point, the risk is too great for an operation. Therefore, the fracture should be treated non-operatively or mini-invasively until the score is lower than the cut point.

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the content determination of Ginsenoside Rg1 in Guyuling Capsule. Methods HPLC was performed on a C18 column ,the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.5 %H3PO4 (23 ∶77 )and detection wavelength at 205 nm. Results The linearity of Ginsenoside Rg1 was good in the range of 1.05 ?g ～7 ?g,r=0.999 6.The average recovery was 98.80 %,and RSD was 1.57 %.Conclusion The method is simple,feasible,and reproducible ,and can be used for the quality control of Guyuling Capsule.

AIM:To study the effect of Hirudo on level of Endothelin-1(ET-1),kidney structure and function in diabetic nephyropathy(DN) rats. METHODS: STZ-induced DN rats were randomly divided into four groups: model group,Hirudo(17.5 g/kg,8.75 g/kg) treatment group,and captopril group,in addition,normal rats for control group.All rats were given by ig for 6 weeks.Kidney function and kidney index(kidney weight/body weight) were determined,the level of ET-1 was determined by Radioimmunoassay,the expression of ET-1 in the kidney tissue by immunohistochemicai,and kidney tissue was observed by lightmicroscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The level and expression of ET-1,kidney index in DN rats significantly increased.The level and expression of ET-1 markedly decreased in Hirudo treatment group,and kidney pathologic changes of DN rats in Hirudo treatment group were improved. CONCLUSION: Hirudo can ameliorate early kidney hyperdynamic abnormality in DN rats,possess protective effect on kidney of DN rats,whose mechanism may be associated partly with a down-regulation of levels and expression of ET-1.

AIM: To study the therapeutical effects of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on myocardial infarction(MI) in dogs. METHODS : The models of myocardial infarction were produced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in the anaesthetized dogs. The extent of myocardial ischemia was detected by epicardial-electrocardiogram and the extent of infarction was determhled by N-BT staining method. The parameter of lactate dehydrogenase was determined in the serums of dogs. RESULTS : It was indicated that the adminstration of Sal B(1、3 and 10mg/kg) by the way of intravenous injection reduced the extent of myocardial infarction (N-ST) ( P