Objective To investigate the clinical value of perforin and granzyme B expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes and diagnosis of acute rejection in renal transplantation. Methods Sixty-seven recipients of renal allograft were included in the study. The expression of perforin and granzyme B of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The recipients were divided into four groups, including 7 cases of acute rejection as group 1, 8 cases of delayed graft function as group 2, 27 cases of stable function as group 3, 25 cases of long-term survival as group 4. Results The expression of perforin and granzyme B in group 1 was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P

Objective To investigate the effect of perforin and granzyme B in peripheral blood lymphocytes during acute rejection in renal transplantation.Methods Sixty-seven recipients of renal allograft were involved in the study.The recipients were divided into four groups: group 1 with 7 cases of acute rejection,group 2 with 8 cases of delayed graft function,group 3 with 27 cases of stable function and group 4 wih 25 cases of long-term survival.The expressions of perforin and granzyme B of peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The expressions of perforin and granzyme B in acute rejection group were significantly higher than those of the other three groups(P

Objective The correlation and agreement of mycophenolic acid (MPA) plasma concentrations that detected by enzyme extended immunoassay (EMIT) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were studied using Pearson's correlation and Bland-Altman plots.METHODS 435 plasma samples were collected from 95 renal transplant patients who were treated with MPA from October 2014 to December 2015.The MPA plasma concentrations were simultaneously measured by EMIT and HPLC respectively,and the results were divided into two levels.Paired t test and Pearson's correlation were performed using SPSS13.0 to evaluate the relationships between the results in each level.The Bland-Altman plot was used to assess the agreement of the results of two methods.Results Higher concentrations were obtained with EMIT,there was a significant positive bias of EMIT for MPA(20.94％ ±14.42 ％,P＜0.001).Pearson's correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis showed that the results from different methods presented good correlation (r＞0.98) and agreement.Conclusion The results of EMIT were higher than that of HPLC.There were good correlation and agreement between the two methods.The differences between EMIT and HPLC suggest that different therapeutic window should be set up when the two methods are used for MPA therapeutic drug monitoring.

Objeetive: To learn the epidemic status of COVID-19 in some high-epidemic countries, so as to provide reference for prevention and control of imported COVID-19 in China. Methods: We collected the data of all the countries who totally reported over ten thousand cases of COVID-19 by March 29, 2020, and analyzed the epidemic trend by using the incidence rate, the case fatality rate, the five-day moving average time dependent reproduction number (Rt) as well as the average daily increase rate. Results : Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Germany, France, lran, UK, USA and China were inchuded in the analysis. Spain( 15.46/100 000), Switzerland(15.44/100 000) and Italy ( 15.30/100 000)ranked top three in the incidence rate of COVID-19. Italy (10.84%), Spain (7.88%) andlan (7.11%) ranked top three in the case atality rate. By March27, the values of five-day moving average Rt in USA, UK, Iran, Spain and France were all more than one. The average daily increase rate in China had changed negative since March 6. The average daily increase rates in the other eight countries ranged from 41.58% to 18.17%, and the trend was slow down from March 20 to 29, among which Germany, Switzerland and Italy had the largest decline of 35.60%, 29.76% and 25.56%, respectively Conclusions By March 29, the epidemie situation of COVID-19 in China was under controls; the situations in ltaly, Germany and Switzerland tended to be stable; while the situations in USA, UK, Iran, Spain and France maintained an upward tmend.

Objective To investigate clinical efficacy and safety and complications of transurethral plasmakinetic resection of prostate ( PKRP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH) .Methods Totally 186 BPH patients were underwent PKRP .Comparison of clinical parameters before and after operation .Results Following-up at 3 and 6 months after the operation showed that international prostate symptom score ( IP-SS),quality of life(QQL),residual urine volume(RUV) scores increased and maximal urinary flow rate ( Qmax) scores decreased .The incidence of complications was 8.2%.Conclusion PKRP have efficacy in the treatment of BPH , and PKRP is safer and less complications .

Objective To study the treatment of acute renal failure induced by uretericobstruction . Methods Twenty-five cases of acute renal failure induced by uretericobstruction were emergent managed with ureteroscope pneumatic lithotripsy .Results All the renal function resumed well , BUN,Cr in serum was natural or near natural .Conclusion Ureteroscope pneumatic lithotripsy should be used for acute renal failure induced by uretericobstruction as first-line.

OBJECTIVETo understand the characteristics and retention situation of clients in extension clinic of methadone maintenance therapy.

METHODSFrom December 20, 2010 to March 10, 2011, the system sampling method was used to get the cases. A total of 462 heroin addicts from 22 methadone maintenance therapy clinics and extension clinics located in Mangshi, Ruili, Longchuan, Yingjiang, Lianghe of Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province were interviewed, and the demographic characteristics, quality of life, urine testing results for morphine of the patients between the extension MMT clinic and standard MMT clinic were also collected and compared. A cohort study was conducted to analyze retention situation of the new clients with Kaplan Meier method during 9 months treatment.

RESULTSOf the 462 cases, 239 cases were from standard MMT clinic, and 223 cases were from the extension MMT clinic. Among them, 117 cases were new research objects into the group during the investigation. Among the clients of extension MMT clinic, 96.7% (147/152) of them were males, 37.5% (57/152) were Dai nationality, and 61.2% (93/152) were married, 38.8% (59/152) with primary school education, 95.4% (145/152) lived with their family or relatives, 96.7% (147/152) could arrive at the clinic from their habitation within 15 minutes. The positive detection rates 72% (13/18), 71% (24/34), 58% (30/52), 29% (15/52), 14% (6/44), 14% (4/29), 15% (5/34), 17% (6/35), 6% (2/33), 16% (5/31) of urine-morphine testing among new clients of extension MMT clinics decreased as the period of treatment lengthened (χ(2) = 61.04, P < 0.05). The period of retention of the clients in extension MMT clinics was 175-days averagely, with an average retention 122 days of when withdrawing. The retention rates of the clients were 52% (37/71)and 61% (28/46) at 9th month of the extension MMT clinics and standard MMT clinics respectively. There was no difference in the retention rate between those of two types of clinics (χ(2) = 0.82, P = 0.37) .

CONCLUSIONMost of the clients in extension MMT clinics lived with their family or relatives, and spent less time on the way to the clinics. After 9 months methadone maintenance therapy, the quality of life of clients in extension clinics was improved while addiction among them decreased. The extension clinic was an effective strategy for retention in remote areas.

China ; Cohort Studies ; Demography ; Heroin Dependence ; Humans ; Male ; Methadone ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Quality of Life ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To propose specific suggestions for exemption management of X-ray devices applying for exemption management. Methods The weight analysis of influence of shielding thickness and tube voltage on the radiation dose leakage of low-energy X-ray devices was carried out through test analysis, and the radiation status of 50 X-ray devices applied for end-user exemption in Shenzhen, China was investigated. Results There was no significant correlation between the ambient dose equivalent rate and the tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray device. The ambient dose equivalent rate of 50 X-ray devices was 0.16-1.20 μSv/h. Among them, 8 X-ray devices had radiation dose leakage, that is, the ambient dose equivalent rate was greater than 0.36 μSv/h; the ambient dose equivalent rate of one X-ray device was 1.2 μSv/h, exceeding exemption management requirements. Conclusion Applications for exemption management and filing of X-ray devices should be treated differently, and their own shielding effect and inherent safety have a greater impact on radiation safety, which should be focused on.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic characteristics and current situation of animal plague in Zhejiang Province, in order to provide data support for prevention and control of the plague in the whole province.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out to collect surveillance data of animal plague in Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2020 from the "Pubonic Plague Control Management Information System". Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the density of domestic and wild rodents, the distribution of rodent species and flea species, and the serological and pathogenic test results of host animals.Results:From 2006 to 2020, the annual average density of domestic rodent in Zhejiang Province was 3.99%, which was lower than that in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2019 and 2020. The annual average density of wild rodents was 4.52%, which was lower than that in 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. From 2006 to 2020, a total of 173 432 rodents were captured, belonging to 3 orders, 5 families, 12 genera and 17 species; in the composition of rodent species, Rattus norvegicus was the most, accounting for 32.15% (55 765/173 432). A total of 107 736 rodents were examined, the number of flea-infected rodent was 3 885, and the flea-infested rate was 3.61%; the total number of flea collected was 9 039 and the total flea index was 0.083 9. A total of 172 235 serological samples were tested at various monitoring sites in Zhejiang Province, and 10 positive samples were detected, there were 7 copies of Apodemus agrarianus, 2 copies of Smelly Shrew and 1 copy of Rattus norvegicus, with titers ranging from 1 ∶ 40 - 1 ∶ 320; a total of 163 618 copies of rodent liver and spleen organs were cultured, and no Yersinia pestis was isolated. Conclusions:Positive host animals have been detected in Zhejiang Province for many years. It is necessary to further standardize plague surveillance and make emergency preparations to prevent relapse and import of the epidemics.

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty has become the main treatment method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures due to its advantages of convenient operation and low trauma.However,the optimal bone cement-vertebral volume ratio has not been determined. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone cement-vertebral volume ratio on percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:The clinical data of 100 patients with single-stage osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to Xinjiang Bazhou People's Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty.According to the bone cement-vertebral volume ratio,they were divided into the low volume group(15%≤ratio≤20%)and the high volume group(20%0.05).The vertebral anterior margin height in the low volume group was lower than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).The Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae in the low volume group was higher than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).(2)There were 10 H-type and 40 O-type bone cement distributions in the low volume group.There were 36 H-type and 14 O-type bone cement distributions in the high volume group,and there was no significant difference in bone cement distributions between the two groups(P<0.05).The bone cement leakage rate in the high volume group and low volume group was 10%and 6%,respectively.(3)It is indicated that both low and high bone cement-vertebral volume ratios can improve postoperative pain and functional dysfunction,but high bone cement-vertebral volume ratio can improve the morphological recovery of injured vertebral,which may be related to the fact that the distribution of bone cement in this group is more H-type.