Objective:To study the extraction and separation of anti-tumor active ingredients from fresh Gekko swinhonis. Meth-ods:The extraction was carried out with ethanol at different concentrations by various methods. The extract was purified by HPLC after deproteinization and degreasing using a repeated freezing and thawing method. MTT was used to detect the antitumor activity of the ex-tract. Results:The A value of extraction process groupⅢwith 85% ethanol ultrasonic extraction was (0. 548 ± 0. 045) with the high-est tumor inhibition rate, and compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The results of pharmacodynamics show that the optimum extraction technology is ultrasonic extraction with 85% ethanol.

According to the Common Specification of Medical Electrical Equipment with GB 9706.1—2007 and the Environment Requirements and Testing Ways of Medical Electrical Equipment with GB/T 14710—1993,the solving methods in the electrical examination are put forward. Application of the practical method of operation,reasonable and effective protective measures to address the medical electrical equipment for general safety requirements and the environmental requirements test and the actual operation encountered some problems. The medical electrical equipment has been designed and tested in scientific and accurate electrical testing,electric shock protection,environmental testing,and the results of the operation specification.

Adenosine receptors (AR) play an important role in the regulation processes for body temperature and vigilance states. During our previous studies, we noticed that aminophylline (a non-selective, blood-brain-barrier penetrably AR antagonist) could attenuate the effects of YZG-330 [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl-5-(6-(((R)-1-phenylpropyl)amino)-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3, 4-diol] on lowering the body temperature. Hereby, we focused ourselves on the character of thermal regulation effect of YZG-330 in mice and tried to specify the receptor subtype via giving typical adenosine receptor antagonists. The results showed that both of the magnitude and lasting time of the effect that YZG-330 played on decreasing body temperature are in a dose-dependent manner: within the next 3 hour after intragastric administration (ig) of 0.25, 1 or 4 mg . kg-1 YZG-330, the extreme values on body temperature decreasing were (1.2 ± 0.3) °C, (3.6 ± 0.4) °C (P<0.001) and (7.4±0.5) °C (P<0.001), separately; whereas the duration that body temperature below 34 °C were 0, (10±5) and (153±4) min, separately. Adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) antagonist (DPCPX) could effectively reverse YZG-330's effect on decreasing body temperature, with intraperitoneal administration of DPCPX (5 mg . kg-1) 20 min prior than YZG-330 (4 mg.kg-1, ig), the extreme value on body temperature decreasing was (3.5 ± 0.7) °C (P<0.001), the duration that body temperature below 34 °C was (8±6) min (P<0.001). However, adenosine A2a receptor antagonist, SCH-58261, did not show any influence on the effects of YZG-330 at all. Combined with the fact that 8-SPT (a non-selective, blood-brain-barrier impenetrably AR antagonist) did not reverse the effect of YZG-330, we come to the conclusion that central-adenosine A, receptor plays a significant role on the thermal regulation effect of YZG-330.

This study is to investigate the effect of compound B2 on the damage of PC12 cells induced by serum deprivation and to explore its related mechanisms. The binding characteristics of B2 to rat striatum adenosine A2A receptor was studied by radioligand 3H-MSX-2 binding assay. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. ROS formation was measured after DCFDA fluorescent staining. B2 has affinity to rat adenosine A2A receptor (K1 = 0.37 micromol x L(-1)). B2 remarkably increased PC12 cell survival rate in serum deprivation-induced PC12 cells. The percentage of serum deprivation-induced death of PC12 was 49.6%, and the treatment of B2 (0.1-100 micromol x L(-1)) increased the cell viability to 63.3%, 74.9%, 86.3% and 88.1%, respectively. Adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH 58261 could significantly block the protective effect of B2. The cell viability with 0.1 micromol x L(-1) SCH 58261 decreased by 16.1%, 24.0% and 19.8%, in the presence of B2 (0.1-10 micromol x L(-1)). Serum deprivation-induced ROS formation was 3.5 times more than that of control group, and treatment with B2 significantly and dose-dependently inhibited ROS over-formation. The protective effect of B2 may be related with adenosine A2A receptor. Decrease of serum-deprivation induced ROS formation may also be one of the mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the expression of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its relationship with the clinical pathological parameters of ccRCC.Methods The expression of CXCR4 was detected by immuno-histochemistry method in 63 cases of ccRCCs,20 cases of para-carcinoma tissues and 20 cases of normal renal tissues.The correlation between expression level of CXCR4 and clinical pathological parameters of ccRCC patients were analyzed,and the clinical significance of its expression in ccRCC was evaluated.Results The positive expression rate of CXCR4(49.2％) in ccRCCs was significantly higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues (15％) and normal renal tissue (10％),and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of CXCR4 and the clinical stage and pathological grade of ccRCC were correlated (P ＜ 0.05),and was associated with lymph node transfer (P ＜ 0.05).The CXCR4 negative group overall survival rate [55.2％ (16/29)] and the average survival time(46 months) was significantly better than the positive group [38.5％ (10/26),32 months;P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions The expression level of CXCR4 in ccRCC is correlated with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis.CXCR4 is expected to be an important marker for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of renal cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the diagnostic value of 131I-SPECT/CT fusion images in detecting the metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)in the regions of the head,neck and superior mediastinum.METHODS 131I-SPECT/CT fusion images was preformed for 30 patients with DTC,and the results of image were compared with the pathology after surgery.RESULTS There were 110 cases positive findings in 115 metastatic lesions with 131I-SPECT/CT fusion images examination(95.65%).5 cases of the metastatic lesions showed negative in 131I-SPECT/CT(4.35%).There was no false positive case.CONCLUSION 131I-SPECT/CT fusion images can detect and locate the metastasis and exclude the false positive results accurately.It is a good method to detect the cervical and superior mediastinal metastatic lesion in differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of operation of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery(STA -MCA)bypass combined with temporal muscle sticking in the treatment of adult moyamoya disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was the data of operation,including preoperative evaluation,operation method,postoperative follow -up.Results Postoperative complications occurred in 5 cases,including 3 cases of intracranial hemorrhage,2 cases of cerebral infarction.During the follow -up of 6 -35 months,no recurrent hemor-rhage cases,1 cases of cerebral infarction,TIA remission rate was 93.5%.Postoperative cerebral blood flow of 38 cases significantly improved compared with preoperative by SPET,accounted for 86.3%.Cerebral blood flow of 41 cases was well compensated by vascular bridge,accounted for 91%.Conclusion Operation of STA -MCA bypass combined with temporal muscle sticking can significantly reduce the incidence of stroke,fewer complications,which is an ideal method in the treatment of adult moyamoya disease.

Objective To investigate the value of urodynamic parameters in diagnosing female bladder outlet obstruction.Methods By follow-up investigation,36 out of 54 patients who underwent transurethral vesical neck incision for female bladder outlet obstruction(FBOO)were proven to achieve good therapeutic efficacy,so the clinical diagnosis as FBOO made before treatment was regarded as correct,as FBOO group.Anther 29 asymptomatic healthy female subjects were selected as controls.ROC curve was used to analyze the urodynamic parameters.Results The area under curve,cutoff for diagnosis and their sensitivity and specificity of the parameters were as follows:Q_ max:AUC=0.823,Q_ max≤15 ml/s(SEN=87%,SPE=81%);PdetQ_ max:AUC=0.826,PdetQ_ max≥28.5 cmH_ 2O(SEN=76%,SPE=72%);A-G value:AUC=0.922,A-G value≥1.1(SEN=86%,SPE=86%).Conclusion When Q_ max≤15 ml/s,PdetQ_ max≥28.5 cmH_ 2O and A-G value≥1.1,FBOO is likely to occur in female.

Objective: To investigate the smoking cessation intention and attempt to quit smoking among smokers at ages of 15 years and older in a district of Beijing Municipality, so as to provide insights into formulation of tobacco control interventions. Methods: Permanent residents at ages of 15 years and older were sampled using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from a district in Beijing Municipality, and all smokers were recruited. Participants' demographic features, tobacco use, intention to quit smoking, attempts to quit smoking and awareness of tobacco-related hazards were collected using the Beijing Adult Tobacco Survey. The intention and attempts to quit smoking were analyzed among smokers, and factors affecting the attempt to quit smoking were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 687 smokers were surveyed, including 669 men (97.38%), 497 from rural areas (72.34%), 351 daily smokers (51.09%), 336 occasional smokers (48.91%), 329 with intention to quit smoking (47.89%), and 178 with attempts to quit smoking during the past one year (25.91%). Univariable analysis showed that area, age, educational level, smoking status, tobacco health literacy and tobacco control information acquired from media were factors affecting intention and attempts to quit smoking among smokers (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smokers with intention to quit smoking (OR=5.444, 95%CI: 3.585-8.268) and occasional smoking (OR=2.142, 95%CI: 1.312-3.497) were more likely to attempt to quit smoking. Conclusions Approximately half of smokers have intention to quit smoking in a district of Beijing Municipality; however, the percentage of attempts to quit smoking is low. Targeted interventions are required for smokers with different characteristics to improve the intention to quit smoking and promote smoking-quitting behaviors.

Objective To observe the expression of AdipoQ in Sj?gren's syndrome (SS) mice and its role in inflammation was investigated by recombinant gene transfection study in vivo. Methods As spon-taneous SS mice model, a total of 30 NOD mice were divided into 3 groups randomly: recombinant adenovirus (rADV-AdipoQ) group, normal saline control and simple adenoviruses (control group). The submandibular gland morphology, histopathological grading and the level of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), AdipoQ was compared between the three groups. The expression of AdipoQ on mice submandibular gland was assessed by means of semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results The submandibular glands of the mice of the control group were destructed, with focal lymphocytic infiltration and acinus atrophy. Compared with control model groups, the serum TNF-α and salivary gland AdipoQ expression was significantly down-regulated in the rADV-AdipoQ group [(248 ±30) vs (162 ±73) ng/ml] (P<0.05). Conclusion AdipoQ gene transfected SS mice can significantly improve the morphological features of tissues and decrease the concentration of TNF-αin serum, in addition, it can effectively inhibit inflammation, decrease the degree of protein and AdipoQgene expression. So the AdipoQ may be the protective gene in SS mice.