Objective To determine the probability of identification of differential expression of biliary proteins induced by cholangiocarcinoma using 2D-DIGE. Methods Bile was obtained from 12patients with obstructive jaundice (including 6 cases of cholangiocarcinoma and 6 of cholelithiasis).Each sample was labeled with three different CyDyes (y3,Cy5,Cy2) including one internal standard,pooled from all the samples, and separated with 2-D DIGE in triplicate experiments. MALDI-TOF-MS and bioinformatics were adopted to identify and elucidate the significance of differentially expressed proteins in bile induced by cholangiocarcinoma. Results 55 matched protein spots differences in abundance were detected with statistical variance of two groups(Average Volum Ratio ≥1.5, t-test, P＜0. 05). Among these proteins, 13 PMF were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. Eight proteins were identified by searching a protein database. Conclusion The differentially displayed proteomes between the pathological bile obtained from benign and malignant obstructive jaundice indicates the potential application of 2D-DIGE to identify the biomarker of cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate clinical and pathological characteristics of insulin-induced localized lipoatrophy and treatment.Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical manifestation, skin biopsy pathology, treatment regimen and follow-up of 6 diabetic patients with insulin-induced localized lipoatrophy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January, 2010 to March, 2016, with systemic review of related literatures.Results Among 6 cases with insulin-induced localized lipoatrophy, 5 patients were with insulin allergy.5 patients were with positive insulin-autoimmune antibody, which was similar to the ratio reported in the systematic review (18 out of 19).Insulin-induced lipoatrophy could be caused by various types of preparations of insulin and insulin analogs.Subcutaneous biopsy, performed on the atrophied area, revealed the decrease of the number and volume of adipocytes and tissue fibrosis, probably accompanied with lymphocytes, eosinophils or mast cells infiltration.Lipoatrophy could sometimes be relieved by changing injection sites, types of insulin preparations or drug-delivery way, sometimes by application of systemic/local glucocorticoid or local cromolyn sodium.Conclusions Insulin-induced localized lipoatrophy is a rare adverse reaction of insulin preparations.It might be related to immune response of local tissue and heterogeneous pathological manifestations.The lipoatrophy might be improved by changing injection sites, changing the type of insulin preparations or drug-delivery way, and with possibility to carry out targeted immunosuppressive therapy according to the biopsy pathology in the future.

AIM: To investigate the effect of huayu xiaoliu fang, a Chinese medicine, on the cell cycle of human lung carcinoma cell line by serologic pharmacological method. METHODS: PGLH7 cells were incubated with rabbit serum containing huayu xiaoliu fang at different doses obtained by serologic pharmacological method. MTT assay was used to calculate the proliferation inhibition rate. The target cells were harvested to analyze the cell cycles by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The Chinese medicine-containing serum inhibited the growth of PGLH7 cells significantly. There was remarkable difference in the proliferation inhibition rate between 10% (high dose) Chinese medicine-containing serum and the control serum (P

Traditional biomedical imaging technology has a difficulty in detecting the boundary of a breast tumor at its early stage since the difference in the sound resistance or density between the early breast tumor and normal tissue is small. In this paper, the boundary of an early breast tumor is detected successfully by using a new method called DSF-DOT (delta sound field diffusion optical tomography), which is based on a sound field and the light diffusion theory. At the same time, the influence of the size of the acting area of the sound field on the reconstruction of the tumor boundary is investigated in details. The work is useful for further research on the diagnosis of early breast cancers.
Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Tomography, Optical ; methods

The Fibulin family is a kind of secreted glycoprotein,belonging to the extracellular matrix protein.A total of 7 family members are widely distributed in basement membrane,elastic fiber and loose connective tissue.The Fibulin family is widely involved in the regulation of cell morphology,growth and adhesion.When Fibulin is disturbed,it can cause a range of diseases,such as skin laxity,tooth hypoplasia and various tumors.The researches show that Fibulin-1 is expressed abnormally in fibrosarcoma,gastric cancer and liver cancer,and the expression of Fibulin-2 is down-regulated in breast cancer and up-regulated in lung cancer.The other members of the family also show abnormal expression in various tumor tissues,which indicates the members of the Fibulin family play important roles in the genesis and development of tumors.

Objective We have summarized the clinical characteristics of inappropriate antidiuresis(SIAD).Methods We adopted retrospective analysis to analyze the clinical and lab data of 40 cases.Results The most common causes of SIAD were malignant tumor,lung disease,and central nervous system disease.The five major abnormal lab data were:hypochloraemia,hypouricemia,hyponitremia,hypocalcemia,and low hematocrit.Conclusion It is important to diagnose SIAD as soon as possible,and patient presented hyponatremia combined with hypouricemia must be suspected to have SIAD.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of LASS2/TMSG1 silencing on the growth, invasion and metastasis of prostate carcinoma cells and to investigate the related molecular mechanisms.

METHODSLASS2/TMSG1 expression of human prostate carcinoma cell line with low metastatic potentiality (PC-3M-2B4 cells) was knocked down using DNA vector-based small interfering RNA (shRNA), followed by evaluations of tumor cell invasion and metastasis.

RESULTSA stable PC-3M-2B4 cell line with expression of LASS2/TMSG1-shRNA was successfully established. MTT assay showed PC-3M-2B4 cells exhibited a strong proliferation after transfection of LASS2/TMSG1-shRNA.LASS2/TMSG1-shRNA transfected clones demonstrated an increased clonogenicity by soft agar colony formation assay and a significant increase of tumor cell invasion by matrigel invasion study.Flow cytometry showed that after LASS2/TMSG1 gene silencing, the apoptotic rate of PC-3M-2B4 cell significantly decreased (P<0.01) without significant cell cycle change (P>0.05).Eight weeks after implantation into subcutaneous tissues in BAL B/c (nu+) mice, the size and weight of sh-LASS2/TMSG1 xenografts were significantly larger than those of the control group (P<0.05).Nuclear proliferation index of the subcutaneous tumor was also higher in the LASS2/TMSG1 shRNA group than those in the control group. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 5 of 6 mice of LASS2/TMSG1 shRNA group and only 1 of 6 of the control group. V-ATPase activity, activities of secreted MMP-2 and MMP-9 and extracellular hydrogen ion concentration were significantly increased in LASS2/TMSG1-shRNA group compared with the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSilencing of LASS2/TMSG1 promotes the growth, invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cells through up-regulation of V-ATPase activity, indicating that LASS2/TMSG1 is a tumor metastasis suppressor gene.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Sphingosine N-Acyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the application value of hand-sewn esophagojejunal anastomosis (EJA) in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 35 patients with early or advanced upper gastric cancer who were admitted to Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between July 2018 and December 2019 were collected. There were 24 males and 11 females, aged (60±10)years, with a range of 35-75 years. All the 35 patients underwent TLTG combined with hand-sewn EJA. Observation indicators: (1) intraoperative situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) postoperative pathological examination; (4) follow-up and survival. Follow-up was conducted using telephone interview, outpatient examination, short message service and WeChat to detect tumor recurrence, metastasis and survival of patients up to January 2020.Measurement data with normal distribution were repressented as Mean± SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Count data were expressed as absoulte numbers or persentages. Results:(1) Intraoperative situations: all the 35 patients underwent TLTG combined with hand-sewn EJA successfully. The operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, time of hand-sewn EJA, costs of consumables used in the intraoperative resection and reconstruction, and costs of consumables used in EJA of the 35 patients were 305 minutes(range, 232-406 minutes), 94 mL(range, 50-300 mL), 37 minutes(range, 20-65 minutes), 13 674 yuan(range, 11 929-15 255 yuan) and 491 yuan(range, 223-1 044 yuan), respectively. Of the 35 patients, 4 received intraoperative blood transfusion. (2) Postoperative situations: time to first out-of-bed activity, postoperative indwelling time of gastric tube, time to initial liquid diet intake, the time to abdominal drainage tube removal and duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 35 patients were 2 days(range, 1-3 days), 4 days(range, 2-11 days), 5 days(range, 4-12 days), 8 days(range, 5-15 days) and 9 days(range, 7-16 days), respectively. Of the 35 patients, 3 had perioperative complications. One patient had inflammation and infection in the pancreatic tail and was discharged at postoperative 16 days after conservative treatment of fasting, somatostatin to reduce the pancreatic secretion, adequate drainage, anti-infection and nutritional support. One had postoperative intestinal incomplete obstruction and was discharged at postoperative 12 days after treatment with gastrointestinal decompression and enema for relief of obstruction. One had pulmonary infection who was discharged at postoperative 9 days after symptomatic and supportive treatment. None of the 35 patients had perioperative anastomotic leakage or bleeding. Of the 35 patients, 1 was diagnosed with esophagojejunostomy stenosis at postoperative 2 months and was improved after endoscopic dilatation. The incidence of long-term anastomosis-related complications of the 35 patients was 2.9%(1/35). (3) Postoperative pathological examination: the pathological examination of the upper margin of intraoperative frozen section and postoperative paraffin section showed negative in the 35 patients. Of the 35 patients, 16 had tumor located at cardia including 4 cases with tumor involving in lower esophagus, 19 had tumor located at stomach; 21 had tumor pathological type as highly or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, 11 had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 3 had signed-ring cell carcinoma; 14 had early gastric cancer, 21 had advanced gastric cancer; 7 had tumor invaded at mucosa lamina propria and muscularis, 7 had tumor invaded at submucosa, 1 had tumor invaded at muscularis, 1 had tumor invaded at subserosal, 17 had tumor invaded at serosal, 2 had tumor invaded at extra-serosal adipose tissue. The TNM staging of the 35 patients: 14 were in stage ⅠA , 2 in stage ⅠB, 4 in stage ⅡB, 3 in stage ⅢA, 4 in stage ⅢB and 8 in stage ⅢC. Of the 35 patients, 15 had vascular invasion and 16 had nerve invasion. The tumor diameter, the number of lymph nodes dissected and the number of positive lymph nodes of the 35 patients were 3.9 cm(range, 0.6-12.0 cm), 24(range, 10-40) and 2(range, 0-11). (4) Follow-up and survival: all the 35 patients were followed up for 1-18 months, with a median time of 5 months. Of the 35 patients, tumor recurrence or metastasis was not found in 34 patients, and the other 1 patient was diagnosed with liver metastases of tumor at postoperative 6 months and survived with tumor.Conclusion:Hand-sewn EJA in TLTG is safe and feasible.

Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic total gastrec-tomy with hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy versus Roux-en-Y anastomosis.Methods:The propen-sity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 159 patients who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy in Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from October 2014 to July 2021 were collected. There were 107 males and 52 females, aged 63(range, 28?79)years. Of 159 patients, 71 cases undergoing totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy with hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy were allocated into totally laparoscopic group and 88 cases undergoing laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis were allocated into laparoscopic-assisted group, respectively. Observation indicators: (1) propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching; (2) intraoperative and postoperative conditions; (3) perioperative complications. Propensity score matching was done by the 1:1 nearest neighbor matching method. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as Mean± SD, and t test was used for comparison between groups. Measurement data with skewed distribution were expressed as M(range), and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability method. The rank sum test was used for comparison of ordinal data. Results:(1) Propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching. Of 159 patients, 112 cases were successfully matched, including 56 cases in the totally laparoscopic group and 56 cases in the laparoscopic-assisted group. Before propensity score matching, age, cases with tumor located in cardia or gastric body in the totally laparoscopic group were 61(range, 30?76)years, 26, 45, respectively. The above indicators in the laparoscopic-assisted group were 65(range, 28?79)years, 50, 38, respectively. There were significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=?2.89, χ2=6.43, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the males and females, age, body mass index, cases of American Society of Anesthesiologists classification Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, tumor diameter, cases with tumor located in cardia or gastric body, cases in TNM stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of patients in the totally laparoscopic group were 40, 16, (62±9)years, (22.7±2.8)kg/m 2, 22, 26, 7, 1, 3.5(range, 0.6?17.0)cm, 24, 32, 22, 9, 25. The above indicators of patients in the laparoscopic-assisted group were 38, 18, (62±10)years, (22.7±3.2)kg/m 2, 19, 32, 5, 0, 4.0(range, 0.6?15.0)cm, 23, 33, 21, 7, 28, respectively. There was no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( χ2=0.17, t=?0.09, ?0.04, Z=?0.12, ?0.82, χ2=0.04, Z=?0.42, P>0.05). The elimination of age and tumor location confounding bias ensured comparability between the two groups. (2) Intraoperative and postoperative conditions: after propensity score matching, the total operation time, time of esophagojejunostomy, postopera-tive 24-hour pain numerical score and time to first out-off bed activities were (310±49)minutes, (37±10)minutes, 2.3±0.8 and (2.4±0.7)days for patients in the totally laparoscopic group, versus (344±77)minutes, (44±12)minutes, 3.1±1.2 and (2.9±1.0)days in the laparoscopic-assisted group, showing significant differences between the two groups ( t=?2.85, ?3.05, ?4.20, ?3.10, P<0.05). (3) Perioperative complications: after propensity score matching, 6 cases of the patients in the totally laparoscopic group had Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or higher complications, including 2 cases of anas-tomotic leak, 1 case of anastomotic stenosis, 1 case of pleural effusion, 1 case of abdominal infection and 1 case of intestinal obstruction. The incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or higher complications was 10.7%(6/56). In the laparoscopic-assisted group, 5 patients had Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or higher complications, including 2 cases of anastomotic leak, 1 case of abdominal infection, 1 case of intestinal obstruction and 1 case of cholangitis. The incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or higher complications was 8.9%(5/56). There was no significant difference in the incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade 2 or higher complications between the two groups ( χ2=0.10, P>0.05). Patients with anas-tomotic leak were improved after puncture and drainage, secondary surgery and conservative treat-ment, and other complications were improved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions:Com-pared with Roux-en-Y anastomosis in laparoscopic total gastrectomy, the time of hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy and esophago-jejunal anastomosis are shorter, patients have less postopera-tive pain and faster postoperative recovery. Both methods have good peri-operative safety.

Sucrose phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.7, Sucrose phosphorylase, SPase) can be produced by recombinant strain Escherichia coli Rosetta(DE3)/Pet-SPase. Crude enzyme was obtained from the cells by the high pressure disruption and centrifugation. Sucrose phosphorylase was purified by Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography and desalted by ultrafiltration. The specific enzyme activity was 1.1-fold higher than that of the crude enzyme, and recovery rate was 82.7%. The purified recombinant SPase had a band of 59 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Thermostability of the enzyme was shown at temperatures up to 37 degrees C, and pH stability between pH 6.0 and 6.7. The optimum temperature and pH were 37 degrees C and 6.7, respectively. The K(m) of SPase for sucrose was 7.3 mmol/L, and Vmax was 0.2 micromol/(min x mg). Besides, alpha-arbutin was synthesized from sucrose and hydroquinone by transglucosylation with recombinant SPase. The optimal conditions for synthesis of alpha-arbutin were 200 U/mL of recombinant SPase, 20% of sucrose, and 1.6% hydroquinone at pH 6-6.5 and 25 degrees C for 21 h. Under these conditions, alpha-arbutin was obtained with a 78.3% molar yield with respect to hydroquinone, and the concentration of alpha-arbutin was about 31 g/L.
Arbutin ; biosynthesis ; Catalysis ; Enzyme Stability ; Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; Glucosyltransferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hydroquinones ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sucrose ; metabolism