Objective:To investigate the influential factors of the efficacy of tinnitus multivariate integrated sound therapy (T-MIST) in the treatment of subjective tinnitus.Methods:A total of 431 patients with subjective tinnitus who received treatment in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from June 2019 to June 2020 were included in this study. A cross-sectional study method was used to conduct refined testing on tinnitus patients using the T-MIST matching platform. The severity of tinnitus patients was evaluated using the Tinnitus handicap inventory scale. SPSS software was used to analyze the factors affecting the effectiveness of the T-MIST for subjective tinnitus based on patients' basic characteristics.Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with patients with short-term tinnitus, OR (95% CI) was 1.982 (1.033-3.804), P = 0.040, in patients with 3-12 months of disease duration, OR (95% CI) was 2.411 (1.322-4.396), P = 0.004 in patients with > 12 months of disease duration. With the increase in tinnitus handicap inventory score, the efficacy of T-MIST became better [ OR (95% CI) = 1.014 (1.004-1.024), P = 0.007]. The efficacy of T-MIST was better in the hearing compensation-effective patients [ OR (95% CI) = 0.133 (0.081-0.216), P < 0.001]. Conclusion:The course of the disease, tinnitus handicap inventory score, and effective hearing compensation are the influential factors of T-MIST. They can provide evidence for the treatment of subjective tinnitus.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenoside to ginsenoside Rg1 in Panax ginseng and the regularity of growth year in Jilin province， and to provide reference for the identification of growth year. METHODS： The samples of garden ginseng， wild-cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng were collected from different growth years （3-30 years） in Jilin province. The contents of 8 ginsenoside （ginsenoside Rg1， Re， Rf， Rb1， Rc， Rb2， Rb3， Rd） in P. ginseng were determined by HPLC. The contents of saponins as well as the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenoside to ginsenoside Rg1 were calculated； the relationship of the proportion with growth year was investigated. RESULTS： As the increase of growth year， the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenosides in garden ginseng to ginsenoside Rg1 as well as that of ginsenoside Re， Rb1， Rc， Rd to ginsenoside Rg1 were decreased gradally （P＜0.001）； the proportion of ginsenoside Re to ginsenoside Rg1 in wild-cultivated ginseng decreased first and then increased（P＜0.001）； the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenosides to ginsenoside Rg1 as well as the proportion of ginsenoside Re and Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg1 were increased gradually in wild ginseng （P＜0.001）； the proportion of ginsenoside Rf， Rb3 to ginsenoside Rg1 in garden ginseng， wild-cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng had no significant difference（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Garden ginseng， wild-cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng contain 8 kinds of ginsenosides. The growth year can be predicted preliminarily according to the proportion of ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Re， Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg1.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical efficacy of Shenling baizhu powder combined with aminosalicylic acid in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC),and to provide evidence-based reference in clinic.METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane library,CJFD,VIP,Wanfang database and CBM,randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about Shenling baizhu powder combined with aminosalicylic acid preparations (trial group) vs.aminosalicylic acid preparations alone (control group) in the treatment of UC were collected.Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 statistical software afder data extraction and quality evaluation with Cochrane systematic evaluator manual 5.1.0.RESULTS:A total of 14 RCTs were included,involving 1 177 patients.Meta-analysis showed that total response rate of trial group was significantly higher than that of control group [OR=3.40,95％ CI (2.44,4.74),P＜0.001],while Sutherland DAI score [MD=-1.31,95％ CI (-2.07,-0.56),P＜0.001],the levels of TNF-α [SMD=-1.90,95％CI(-2.90,-0.90),P＜0.001],IL-17[MD=-85.18,95％CI(-100.51,-69.85),P＜0.001] and IL-23 [MD=-113.27,95％CI(-132.34,-94.21),P＜0.001] in trial groups were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS:Therapeutic efficacy of Shenling baizhu powder combined with aminosalicylic acid preparation is better than aminosalicylic acid preparation alone in the treatment of UC,and can significantly reduce Suthedand DAI and the levels of serum cytokines.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of oral hygiene on risk of oral cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking women. Methods: From September 2010 to February 2016, 242 non-smoking and non-drinking female patients with pathologically confirmed oral cancer were recruited in a hospital of Fuzhou, and another 856 non-smoking and non-drinking healthy women from health examination center in the same hospital were selected as control group. Five oral hygiene related variables including the frequency of teeth brushing, number of teeth lost, poor prosthesis, regular dental visits and recurrent dental ulceration were used to develop oral hygiene index model. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the predictability of the oral hygiene index model. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between oral hygiene index and the incidence of oral cancer. Results: Teeth brushing <2 twice daily, teeth lost ≥5, poor prosthesis, no regular dental visits, recurrent dental ulceration were risk factors for the incidence of oral cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking women, the corresponding OR (95%CI) were 1.50 (1.08-2.09), 1.81 (1.15-2.85), 1.51 (1.03-2.23), 1.73 (1.15-2.59), 7.30 (4.00-13.30), respectively. The AUROC of the oral hygiene index model was 0.705 9, indicating a high predictability. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the oral hygiene index was associated with risk of oral cancer. The higher the score, the higher risk was observed. The corresponding OR (95%CI) of oral hygiene index scores (score 1, score 2, score 3, score 4-5) were 2.51 (0.84-7.53), 4.68 (1.59-13.71), 6.47 (2.18-19.25), 15.29 (5.08-45.99), respectively. Conclusion Oral hygiene could influence the incidence of oral cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking women, and oral hygiene index has a certain significance in assessing the combined effects of oral hygiene.

Objective: To investigate the effects between fish, seafood and pickled food intakes on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: A case-control study was carried out in Fujian area during September 2010 to December 2016, in which 604 newly diagnosed primary OSCC cases confirmed by pathological diagnosis were collected from hospital and 1 343 control subjects were enrolled from community and healthy hospital population. Demographic data, history of smoking drinking and tea drinking, oral hygiene status and dietary behaviors (fish, seafood and pickled food intakes) were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire.Using unconditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effects of fish, seafood and pickled food intakes on OSCC. Analysis stratified by smoking, alcohol drinking and bad prosthesis to explore the possible difference in association between subgroups. Multiplicative interactions and additive interactions between fish and bad prosthesis, seafood and alcohol drinking, pickled food and bad prosthesis were assessed by unconditional logistic regression, relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (S). Results: The average age of case group and control group were separately (58.69±13.92) years old and (59.27±11.37) years old (χ²=4.75, P=0.191). The people whose fish and seafood intakes ≥3 times/week had the lower risk of OSCC, the adjusted OR (95%CI) values were 0.63 (0.52-0.77) and 0.51 (0.41-0.64); The stratified analysis indicated that the people having bad prosthesis had the lower risk of OSCC if they eating fish ≥3 times/week, and the adjusted OR (95%CI) values was 0.53 (0.39-0.71); the people having bad prosthesis had the higher risk of OSCC if they eating pickled food ≥3 times/week, the adjusted OR (95%CI) values was 1.37 (1.02-1.88). Regularly eating seafood can decrease the risk of OSCC for non-smokers, smokers, non-drinkers, drinkers, people without bad prosthesis and had bad prosthesis, the adjusted OR (95%CI) values were 0.49 (0.36-0.68), 0.52 (0.37-0.73), 0.41 (0.31-0.55), 0.77 (0.51-0.96), 0.49 (0.36-0.67), 0.59 (0.42-0.83). Crossover analysis showed fish and bad prosthesis exist multiplication interaction relationship (adjusted OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.44-0.97) and additional interaction relationship (RERI=-0.81, 95%CI:-1.43--0.19; AP=-0.76, 95%CI:-1.35--0.17; S=0.08, 95%CI: 0.01-0.98); pickled food and bad prosthesis exist multiplication interaction relationship (adjusted OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.06-2.51) and addition interaction relationship (RERI=0.65, 95%CI:0.08-1.22; AP=0.36, 95%CI:0.10-0.62; S=5.19, 95%CI:1.32-54.49). Conclusion Reducing the consumption of pickled food, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, and regularly eating fish and seafood can prevent the occurrence of OSCC.

Objective To explore the survival factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods A total of 492 patients with OSCC were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from June 2003 to December 2014. Then, 456 cases were included in the present study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and follow-up data were collected to evaluate survival factors of OSCC. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of survival factors. We also stratified by TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours stage and BMI to assess the association between treatments and OSCC outcomes. Results The age of the recruited patients was (57.89±11.61) years, and the proportions in TNM stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣwere 14.0%(64), 23.7%(108), 16.1%(73) and 42.5%(194), respectively. The multivariate Cox regression indicated that the HR (95% CI) of the increase to mortality risk associated with stage T2-T3, T4(T1 as reference), stage N2-N3 (N0 as reference), poor-moderate differentiation, BMI<18.5 kg/m2 (compared with BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m2), alcohol consumption≥20 g/d (compared with no alcohol) before treatment were 2.69 (1.21-5.95), 3.40 (1.54-7.53), 2.65 (1.17-6.00), 2.56 (1.39-4.71), 2.00 (1.15-3.50), 2.09 (1.11-3.93), and 1.68 (1.03-2.73), respectively. The stratification analysis demonstrated that, compared with surgery alone, surgery combined with radiotherapy reduced the mortality risk of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, HR (95% CI) 0.33 (0.12-0.93). Surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy reduced the mortality risk of OSCC with normal BMI, HR(95%CI) were 0.39 (0.17-0.87). Conclusions Clinical stage and histological grade are survival factors for patients with OSCC.

Objective To explore the survival factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods A total of 492 patients with OSCC were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from June 2003 to December 2014. Then, 456 cases were included in the present study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and follow-up data were collected to evaluate survival factors of OSCC. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of survival factors. We also stratified by TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours stage and BMI to assess the association between treatments and OSCC outcomes. Results The age of the recruited patients was (57.89±11.61) years, and the proportions in TNM stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣwere 14.0%(64), 23.7%(108), 16.1%(73) and 42.5%(194), respectively. The multivariate Cox regression indicated that the HR (95% CI) of the increase to mortality risk associated with stage T2-T3, T4(T1 as reference), stage N2-N3 (N0 as reference), poor-moderate differentiation, BMI<18.5 kg/m2 (compared with BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m2), alcohol consumption≥20 g/d (compared with no alcohol) before treatment were 2.69 (1.21-5.95), 3.40 (1.54-7.53), 2.65 (1.17-6.00), 2.56 (1.39-4.71), 2.00 (1.15-3.50), 2.09 (1.11-3.93), and 1.68 (1.03-2.73), respectively. The stratification analysis demonstrated that, compared with surgery alone, surgery combined with radiotherapy reduced the mortality risk of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, HR (95% CI) 0.33 (0.12-0.93). Surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy reduced the mortality risk of OSCC with normal BMI, HR(95%CI) were 0.39 (0.17-0.87). Conclusions Clinical stage and histological grade are survival factors for patients with OSCC.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical influence factors of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors.

METHODSWe conducted a case-control study with 113 cases newly diagnosed primary oral-maxillofacial benign tumors and 584 cases controls from a hospital in Fujian from September 2010 to January 2015. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Unconditional logistic regression was used to research the relationship between the factors and oral-maxillofacial benign tumors.

RESULTSMultivariable analysis showed that risk factors of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors included: cigarette smoking index above 1 000, passive smoking before the age of 18, age of wearing bad prosthesis between 33 to 55 years old and high blood pressure; the corresponding OR (95% CI) values were 14.63 (3.88-55.13), 2.34 (1.19-4.62), 2.35 (1.17-4.73), 3.46 (1.71-7.00), respectively; Protective factors included: regularly intake of meat above 1 time/day, fruits, health care products and vitamin tablets, brushing teeth above 1 time per day and oral examination above 5 years/time, the corresponding OR (95% CI) values were 0.22 (0.07-0.70), 0.18 (0.08-0.41), 0.32 (0.11-0.88), 0.22 (0.07-0.73), 0.28 (0.16-0.48), 0.28 (0.13-0.60), respectively.

CONCLUSIONAbstinence from tobacco smoking, reduce passive smoking before the age of 18, regularly intake of meat, fruits, health care products and vitamin tablets, and oral examination at regular time might have impact on the incidence of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors to a certain extent.

Alcohol Drinking ; Case-Control Studies ; Demography ; Diet ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Mouth Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Oral Hygiene ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between oral hygiene, chronic diseases, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODSWe performed a case-control study with 414 cases and 870 controls in Fujian during September 2010 to January 2015. Patients were newly diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma cases according to the pathologic diagnoses, control subjects were enrolled from community population. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Using unconditional logistic regression analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for oral hygiene and chronic diseases. We also stratified by sex, smoking and drinking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups.

RESULTSThe multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that number of teeth (20-27 and < 20), bad prosthesis, recurrent oral ulceration were the risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR (95% CI) values were 2.01 (1.49-2.73), 3.51 (2.39-5.15), 2.33 (1.79-3.04), 3.96 (2.11-7.44), respectively; brushing tooth once per bay, brushing tooth more than once per day, regular oral health examination at least 5 years per time were the protective factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR (95% CI) values were 0.24 (0.13-0.43), 0.13 (0.07-0.24), 0.37 (0.26-0.53), respectively. The stratification analysis indicated that recurrent oral ulceration could increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR (95% CI) value was 5.21 (2.42-11.18) and 4.71 (2.37-9.36); and a risky effect of hypertension on risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma was observed for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR (95% CI) values were 1.70 (1.10-2.61) and 1.58 (1.07-2.34).

CONCLUSIONSOral hygiene and chronic diseases could affect the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Alcohol Drinking ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Diet ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mouth Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Oral Hygiene ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

UNLABELLEDOBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of tea on oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers.

METHODSA case-control study were performed between September 2010 and January 2015 including 203 oral cancer cases in nonsmokers and nondrinkers with pathologically confirmed and 572 community controls. The related information included socio-demographic characteristics, detailed information on tobacco smoking and alcohol and tea consumption, personal medical history, family history of cancer, and occupational history were collected from all subjects. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to examine the effect of tea on oral cancer and to assess multiplicative interactions between tea and passive smoking. We also stratified by age, sex, residence, and passive smoking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Additive interactions between tea and passive smoking were assessed using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (SI).

RESULTSCompared with non-tea drinkers, tea consumption (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.81), age of tea drinking initiation (years) ≥ 18 (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.85), duration of tea consumption (years) < 20 (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.27-0.90), duration of tea consumption (years) ≥ 20 (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.95), average daily tea consumed < 700 ml (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32-0.86), moderate concentration of tea consumed (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32-0.96), weak concentration of tea consumed (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.77), drinking green-tea (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28-0.82) and drinking moderate temperature of tea (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.31-0.98) could reduce the risk of oral cancer; Stratified analysis indicated the protective effects of tea drinking on female (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30-0.94), age < 60 years old (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29-0.97), live in the urban (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.20-0.69) and no passive smoking (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25-0.86) population with nonsmoking and nondrinking was more obvious; Crossover analysis showed tea and passive smoking did not exist multiplication interaction relationship (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.41-2.20) and addition interaction relationship (RERI = -0.15, 95% CI: -0.92-0.62;AP = -0.16, 95% CI: -1.06-0.73; SI = -0.18, 95% CI: -1.44-0.87).

CONCLUSIONTea consumption, age of tea drinking initiation, duration of tea consumption, average daily tea consumed, concentration of tea consumed, types of tea and temperature of tea might have impact on the incidence of oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers to a certain extent.

Alcohol Drinking ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Tea ; Temperature ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution