Objective To discuss the characteristics, treatment method and prognosis of tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture in children. Methods From January 1995 to December 2007, there were 25 cases (23 boys and 2 girls). The age at injury ranged from 12 to 16 years(average 13.5 years). All cases were unilateral involved (10 of left, 15 of right). All of the injuries resulted from participation in athletic activities, 10 in basketball, 7 while jumping, and 8 in football game. According to the classification of Ogden, there were 1 type 1A, 4 type 1B, 5 type 2A, 7 type 2B, 4 type 3A, and 4 type 3B fractures. One type 1A fracture was treated nonoperatively with east immobilization, and other 24 fractures with open reduction and internal fixation. Results All of 25 cases were followed from 14 months to 7 years (average 43 months). The range of motion of knee joint was 0°-140° 3 months after operation, and all of them recovered to pre-injury levels of activity by 6 months after operation. According to Mosier clinical assessment system, the final outcome was evaluated as excellent in all. Wound healed primary, no compartment syndrome was found. The time of bony union ranged from 2 to 5 months, with the mean time of 3 months. No complications of infection, ex-tremities deformity and inner fixation failure were found. Conclusion The tuberosity avulsion fracture in children is an uncommon and special type of epiphyseal injury. These fractures occur in the narrow range of 13 to 16 years of age. The majority of patients are males, and most of them are unilateral involved. This in-jury has an excellent outcome without deformity or functional loss, once adequate reduction and fixation of fracture fragments have been achieved.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of thoracic and lumbar epidural block on the depth of propofol sedation.MethodsForty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients with stomach cancer ( n =15) or colorectal cancer ( n =30) aged 20-64 yr weighing 46-79 kg with body height 151-179 cm undergoing elective radical operation were enrolled in this study.The 30 patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =15 each):group control (group Ⅰ ) and group lumbar epidural group(group Ⅱ ).The 15 patients with stomach cancer received thoracic epidural block (group Ⅲ ).Epidural block was performed at L2.3 interspace in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ and at T9.10 interspace in group Ⅲ.After a test dose of 3 ml 1.5％ lidocaine,a bolus of 1.5％ lidocaine 12 ml (in groupsⅡ and Ⅲ ) or 12 ml of normal saline (in group Ⅰ ) was injected into epidural space.Target-controlled infusion(TCI) of propofol was started at 12 min after epidural lidocaine.Target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 4 μg/ml.Fentanyl 4 μg/kg was injected iv as soon as the patients lost consciousness.Tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0.1 ng/kg.The patients were mechanically ventilated.Radial artery was cannulated for direct BP monitoring and blood sampling.BIS value was monitored (Aspect Medical System).The number of spinal sequent affected in the subarachnoid epidural anesthesia was counted before propofol TCI.Arterial blood sampies were collected at 2,3,4 and 5 min of propofol TCI for determination of plasma concentration of propofol ( by HPLC).BIS value and plasma concentration of propofol calculated by TCI pump were recorded at 2,3,4 and 5 min of propofol TCI.ResultsThe BIS values were significantly lower in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ and in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ.There was no significant difference in plasma propofol concentration measured by HPLC and plasma concentration of propofol calculated by TCI pump.ConclusionThe efficacy of thoracic epidural block enhancing propofol sedation is higher than that of lumbar epidural block.

The deficiency in teaching resource is becoming severer as enrolled students increased and the awareness of respecting patients’rights is enhanced.It is urgent to develop new strategy to improve our diagnostic teaching in this situation.For this purpose,the scheme of developing half-dynamic interactive web for diagnostic education is proposed,and the advantage of the web are also discussed here.The advantages include enhancing students’interest and participation in study,bettering communication between the teachers and students,utilizing the collective intelligence,and integrating education resource.Excellent half-dynamic interactive web is helpful to transform the teachers’role from implanting into guiding,supervising,and examining.

Aim To investigate the effects of Astragalus Mongholicus Bunge Lectin (AMML) on tumor cells proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis by using human leukemia cell line (K562 cells).Methods The antiproliferation effect of AMML on K562 cells was detected by the colorimetric MTT assay.The apoptosis induced by AMML on K562 cells was explored by means of cell morphological and flow cytometry.Results AMML showed strong inhibiton of the growth of K562 cells in a time-and concentration-dependence. After incubation of K562 cells with AMML at a concentration of 60 mg?L-1 for 72 h,the inhibition ratio was 89%.Morphological observation showed that AMML-treated K562 cells displayed outstanding apoptosis characteristics,such as nuclear fragmentation,chromatin condensation. AMML induced significant cell cycle arrest at S phase in K562 cells,and the apoptosis of K562 cells was confirmed by flow cytometry.Conclusion AMML can inhibit the growth of K562 cells through S arrest and induce the apoptosis of K562 cells. Thus,AMML may be valuable for the treatment of cancer.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgical intervention of complicated cataract in patients with uveitis.
●METHODS:Retrospective study. A total of 57 cases (57 eyes ) with complicated cataract with uveitis were involved in the study from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2015. All cases underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery successfully. The postoperative reaction, effect, complications and so on were retrospectively analyzed after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery. The date of visual outcome was analyzed using Non - parametric Wilcoxon test.
●RESULTS: lris were bleed in 21 eyes ( 37%) , 4 eyes ( 7%) with posterior capsule rapture and posterior chamber intraocular lens was not implanted in 4 eyes ( 7%) . The uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) was significantly increased after surgery. The UCVA of 8 eyes (14%) were 0. 1 or better before surgery, and the UCVA of 42 eyes (74%) were 0. 1 or better 3mo after surgery, the difference was statistically significant ( Z=23. 42, P<0. 001). The corneal edema (17 eyes, 30%), uveitis (2 eyes, 4%) and intraocular hypertension ( 1 eyes, 2%) were appeared in postoperative 1d. The corneal edema (3 eyes, 5%) was appeared in postoperative 1wk. The uveitis ( 1 eyes, 2%) was appeared in postoperative 1mo. The corneal edema (1 eyes, 2%), uveitis (2 eyes, 4%) , intraocular hypertension ( 1 eyes, 2%) and after-cataract ( 3 eyes, 5%) were appeared in postoperative 3mo.
● CONCLUSION: The phacoemulsification combined intraocular lens implantation surgical intervention of complicated cataract in patients with uveitis has good effect and fewer complications.

APOBEC3 is a class of cytidine deaminase, which is considered as a new member of the innate immune system, and APOBEC3G belongs to this family. The research about APOBEC3G is a new direction of innate immune defense mechanism against virus. APOBEC3G has the restrictive activity on many viral replications, which deaminates dC to dU in the viral genome and then induces extensive hypermutation. APOBEC3G can also interrupt viral replication at several phases such as reverse transcription, replication, nucleocapsid and so on by non-deamination mechanisms. However, virus can encode viral proteins to counteract the restriction activity of APOBEC3G. Elucidation of the antagonistic interaction between APOBEC3G and the virus will be contributed to development of new antiviral drugs in the future.
APOBEC-3G Deaminase ; Animals ; Cytidine Deaminase ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Replication ; Deamination ; HIV-1 ; physiology ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; physiology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae ; genetics ; physiology ; Retroviridae ; physiology ; Virus Replication ; vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; metabolism

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; secretion ; Male ; Pancreatic Polypeptide ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Inservice Training ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of omega-3 fatty acids intervention on clinical outcomes in postoperative patients with parenteral nutrition (PN). MethodsLiteratures relating to the evaluation of the clinical outcomes after supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids after selective surgeries were searched in databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database etc. All the eligible studies were randomized controlled trials and their results were published from January 1996 to June 2010. The methodological quality was assessed using Jadad scale, Schulz allocation concealment tool, and methodology review. Meta analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.1 software. The impact was described in terms of complications of infection, case-fatality rate, length of postoperative hospital stay, and length of postoperative ICU stay. ResultsTotally 320 articles were found and 17 randomized controlled trials ( n =1213 ) entered final meta analysis study. The results showed a significant decrease in the infectious complication rates of postoperative patients receiving omega-3 fatty acids intervention [risk ratio (RR) =0.44, 95％ confidence interval (CI) (0.30, 0.64), P ＜0.0001] ; meanwhile, the length of hospital stay was significantly shortened [mean difference (MD) =- 1.65 ; 95％ CI ( - 2.72, - 0.58), P =0.003]. However,the length of ICU stay showed no significant difference [MD =-0.31,95％ CI ( - 1.20, 0.58), P =0.500].ConclusionOmega-3 fatty acids interventions can benefit postoperative patients by reducing the morbidity of postoperative infectious complications and shortening the length of hospital stay.

Objective To investigate molecular types and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Zhejiang province.Methods One hundred and fourty-seven clinical MRSA isolates were collected from 11 grade A tertiary hospitals during January 2009 and December 2010 in Zhejiang province.Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 13 antimicrobial agents were determined by agar dilution.Multilocus sequence typing (MLST),staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and spa typing were used to examine the homology of the strains,and drug resistance patterns were compared among different molecular types.Simpson index was used to determine the discriminatory power of three typing methods.Results Fourteen STs were identified in 147 MRSA isolates,of which ST239 (75 isolates),ST5 (24 isolates) and ST59 (23 isolates) were the most prevalent clones.Four SCCmec types (types Ⅱ to Ⅴ) were identified in 141 isolates,and 6 isolates were not typed.SCCmec type Ⅲ was the predominant type (76 isolates),which was followed by type Ⅳ (32 isolates),type Ⅱ (24 isolates) and type Ⅴ (9 isolates).All MRSA isolates yielded 23 spa types,in which t030 (57 strains),t437 (17 strains),t002 (15 strains) and t037 (12 strains) were the predominant spa types.MRSA strains were sensitive to linezolid,teicoplanin,vancomycin and norvancomycin,but were highly resistant to other antibacterial agents,especially in strains carrying clone ST239 or of SCCmec type Ⅲ.The discriminatory power of MLST,SCCmec and spa typing were 0.6885,0.6577 and 0.8165,respectively.Conclusion The predominant clone of MRSA strains in Zhejiang province was ST239-SCCmec Ⅲ-t030-MRSA,and these strains are highly resistant to most antibacterial agents,so that the surveillance of MRSA in hospital should be strengthened.