Embarking from the people's livelihood science and technology, it is the important direction of new time health work to impel the medicine science and technology to serve the people's livelihood and to develop the people's livelihood. And it is also the request inevitably of the reform of health and medical community institutional. This article discussed the basic content of the people's livelihood science and technology, expounded that the medicine is the important component of the people's livelihood science and technology and has an important position in the development of the people's livelihood science and technology. At the same time, the article analyzed the problems which exist in the service of people's livelihood, of medicine science and technology in the current. And it was proposed that the policy should be reformed and innovated to speeds up the medical science and technology service of people's livelihood.

Purpose:To evaluate the efficacy of bladder p re servation treatment by concurrent neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy, radi otherapy and transurethral resection for patients with bladder cancer with muscl e invasion. Methods:Thirteen patients who were unfit for or unwilling to re ceive radical cystectomy were enrolled in this study. All patients had muscle in vasive transitional cell carcinoma of bladder(T 2-T 3). Patients were treated with neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy, radiotherapy and transurethral r esection. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin 80 mg, epirubicin 50 m g and fluorouracil 1 g/camptothecin 30 mg. The average dose of radiotherapy was 30-50 Gy. Results:At the end of neoadjuvant therapy, 1 patient (7.69%) sh owed a complete response and 12 patients (92.31%) showed partial response; tran surethral resection was performed for residual tumors. All patients completed th e treatment and showed good tolerance. With a median follow-up of 26.46 months, local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred in 5 patients (38.46%). Recurre nt tumors were treated with transurethral resection or systematic chemotherapy a nd radiotherapy. Conclusions:concurrent neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy , radiotherapy and transurethral resection is a feasible and promising treatment for patients with bladder cancer with muscle invasion.

Objective To study the genotoxicity of bromate,a chief by-product of ozonated drinking water.Methods Genotoxicity at gene,DNA and chromosome levels induced by bromate DBP was determined using Ames test,unscheduled DNA synthesis(UDS)assay and micronucleus test(MNT)of mice bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes respectively.Results In Ames test,bromate showed no mutagenic effect on salmonella typhimurium TA98and TA100strains with or without S9(rat liv-er metabolic activation system)compared with the negative control group,but the results of UDS assay showed that bromate could induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat primary hepatocytes and the results of MNT indicated that bromate increased the micronucleus rate of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes of mice.Conclusion It was suggested that bromate DBP might have genotoxicity at DNA and chromosome levels.

[Objective] To investigate risk factors and the incidence rate of tracheotomy after cervical spinal cord injuries.[Method]A retrospective analysis was done on 1185 cases suffering from cervical spinal cord injuries statistically.The following correlation factors: ages,gender,type of job,reason of injuries,degree of spinal cord injuries,segment of spinal cord injures,nutritional status during therapy were evaluated by Binary Logistic Regression to discover tile influencing factors for tracheotomy.[Result]Totally 99 cases were undergone tracheotomy(male 87 and female 14).The rate of tracheotomy was 8.35%,Ages,degree of spinal cord injuries,segment of spinal cold injuries,reason of injuries had influence to rate of tracheotomy.The other factors were not correlation to tracheotomy.With increasing of age,the rate of tracheotomy was gradually increased.Nobody was undergone tracheotomy in patients who was younger than 20 years old,and the rate of tracheotomy was 38.7% in patients who was older than 60 years old.With aggravating and segment going up of cervical spinal cord injuries,the rate of tracheotomy was gradually increased.The rate of tracheotomy for cervical spinal cord injury at Grade D was 0.5%,While the rate of tracheotomy for cervical spinal cord complete injury was 19.1%.Tile rate of tracheotomy for cervical spinal cord complete injury was 4.3,22.3,21.6 and 32.7% from C7 to C4,while the rate wasn't high in C3 and C2,because most of these patients had died before they was undergone tracheotomy.The rate of tracheotomy was higher in patients who got injuries from fall than other.[Conclusion]Elder,cervical spinal cord severe injuries,high cervical spinal cord injuries was risk factors for tracheotomy.The patients who got cervical spinal cord complete injuries in C3 or higher than C3 need tracheotomy as early as possible.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; ultrastructure

Objective To prepare centromere-associated protein E(CENP-E)polyclonal antibody with specificity by using New Zealand white rabbits.Methods Prokaryotic expression plasmid of pHis-CENPEC410 was constructed by molecular cloning technique and then transformed into competent cells of E.coli BL-21 (DE3).HisCENPEC410 fusion protein was induced by isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) and purified by affinity chromatography using Ni-NTA beads.The purified protein was used as antigen to immune New Zealand white rabbits to produce spccific polyclonal antibody of CENP-E.The antibodies serum was detected by immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation,and the purified antibodies were detected by immunofluorescene staining.Results The results of immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that the antibody serum was effective and the purified antibody could be applied to immunofluorescene test.Conclusions CENP-E polyclonal antibody with high specificity and sensitivity was obtained,which lay the foundation for the follow-up study of CENP-E.

Objective To examine pharmacodynamics and serum concentration of tramadol during continuous intravenous infusion for postoperative pain relief Methods 500 ASA Ⅰ Ⅱ patients undergoing operation on extremities, spine or abdomen under anesthesia were studied Premedication included phenobarbital 0 1g and atropine 0 5mg im Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0 08 0 12mg?kg -1 , fentanyl 5 6?g?kg -1 and vecuronium 0 12 0 14 mg?kg -1 and maintained with continuous intravenous infusion of propofol 3 0 4 5 mg?kg -1 ?h -1 , fentanyl 2 8 3 4?g?kg -1 ?h -1 and vecuronium 0 06 0 08 mg?kg -1 ?h -1 supplemented with inhalation of 0 8% 1 0% isoflurane At the end of operation a loading dose of tramadol 1 5 mg?kg -1 was given intravenously over 2 min, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of tramadol for 72h The patients were divided into two groups: group Ⅰ (n=246) received tramadol intravenous infusion at a rate of 8mg h -1 and group Ⅱ (n=254) received tramadol infusion at a rate of 10mg h -1 Venous blood samples were taken from 10 patients in group Ⅱ at 0, 0 5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 30, 42, 48, 54, 60, 72h during postoperative tramadol infusion for determination of serum concentration of tramadol by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Efficacy of analgesia was assessed by VAS score and side effects were recorded Results The two groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, weight, types of operation and the amount of fentanyl used during operation There was significant difference in the mean VAS scores between group Ⅰ (1 16?1 15) and group Ⅱ (0 83?1 33) (P

Objective To investigate the serum therapeutic concentration of tramadol during intravenous analgesia for postoperative pain relief. Methods Twenty adult patients ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ (10 male, 10 female) undergoing elective radical operation for cancer of stomach were treated with intravenous tramadol for postoperative pain relief. Patients addicted to any drug or tolerant to opioid and patients with epilepsy or liver and/or renal dysfunction were excluded. All patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1g and atropine 0.5mg. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0. 1mg/kg and fentanyl 5 μg/kg and intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0.16mg/kg. Anesthesia was maintained with continuous intravenous infusion of propofol 4-6 mg@ kg 1 @ h 1, fentanyl 2-3 μg@ kg-1 @ h-1 and vecuronium 0.1mg@ kg-1@ h-1 combined with inhalation of 1% isoflurane. After surgery in ICU when patients felt slight pain (VAS 1-2), intravenous tramadol 1.5mg/kg was given as initial dose. Whenever patients felt slight pain (VAS 1-2) again, a bolus of tramadol 20 mg was given intravenously every 10 min until VAS was 0. The onset time (from the end of iv injection of initial dose of tramadol to VAS 0), the duration of action (from VAS 0 to VAS 1-2) and the time when accumulated dose of tramadol amounted to twice the initial dose were recorded. HR, MAP, respiratory rate (RR) and SpO2 were monitored and recorded before and 10, 20, 30 min after administration of tramadol. Venous blood samples were taken before each additional tramadol administration on demand for determination of serum tramadol concentration by high performance liquid chromatography. Results The mean serum therapeutic level of tramadol during period of analgesia was (370±148)ng/ml(248.6-615.7ng/ml). The mean onset time of the initial dose was (9.2± 2.1 )min. The mean duration of action was (2.3 ± 1.0)h. The time when accumulated dose of tramadol amounted to twice the initial dose was (6.4 ± 2.7)h on average. There were no significant changes in HR,MAP, RR and SpO2 after tramadol. Conclusions It is safe and effective to give intravenous tramadol for postoperative pain relief. Serum therapeutic concentration of tramadol varies greatly from patient to patient,so the dose of tramadol should be individulized.[Key Words] Pain, postoperative; Tramadol; Plasma concentration; Injections, intravenous

[Summary] Fulminant type 1 diabetes (F1D) which is characterized by the abrupt onset of disease , severediabetic ketoacidosis ,high serum pancreatic enzyme concentrations ,and absence of diabetes‐related antibodies is classified astype 1B diabetes. T1DM that developed during pregnancy were mostly F1D. Once occurred ,it would lead to severe outcomes such as stillbirth and death of gravida. One case of pregnancy combined with F1D is reported in this article. We discussed the incidence ,pathogenesis and diagnosis of the disease ,aiming at strengthening the awareness of the disease and also improving the prognosis.

Objective To study the effects of ketamine on glutamate-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells using PC 12 pheochromocytoma cell line (provided by Chinese Academy of Phamacological Research) .Methods After being incubated in the culture medium containing 7S-NGF for 6 days. Over 95 % of the PC cells differentiated into neuron-type cells. The 7S-NGF induced differentiated neuronal PC 12 cells were seeded in 24-well plates pre-coated with poly-L-lysine(2?106 cells per well) .24 hours later the PC12 cells were exposed to glutamate 20 mrnol/ L(group A); glutamate 20 mmol/L + ketamine 0.1 mmo/L (group B); glutamate 20 mmol/L + ketamine 1.0 mmol/L (group C); glutamate 20 mmol/L + D-APS 100 )Ltmol/L(group D) and new culture medium containing no 7S-NGF(group E, control group), and incubated for 18 hours .The viability of the cells was evaluated by the ability of the cells to reduce the tetragotium derivative MTT into a blue formagan salt. DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis was detected using TUNEL technique. Results in group A following incubation with glutamate 20 mmol/L for 18 h , at 37℃, the viability was PC 12 cells was reduced to 37%? 6% However ketamine , when added to the culture medium to gather with glutamate , inhibited glutamate-induced cell death . The viability of PC 12 cell was 65 ? 7% in group B an 99?10% in group C. Ketamine appeared to attenuate the apoptotic process, because the number of the apoptotic cell bodies, determinated by YUNEL was also reduced by ketamine, with only 15-20% of neuronal cells staining positive after exposure to 20 mmol/L glutamate.The difference between group A and C was very significant (P