To study the transport mechanisms of drugs for transplacental treatment of fetal tachyarrhythmia, MDCKII-BCRP and MDCKII cell models was used. MDCKII-BCRP and MDCKII cell monolayer model was used to investigate the bi-direction transport of sotalol, propranolol, propafenone, procainamide and flecainide. Drug concentrations were measured by HPLC-UV or chemiluminescence. The apparent permeability coefficient (P(app)), efflux rate (R(E)) and net efflux rate (R(net)) were calculated. Drugs with R(net) greater than 1.5 were further investigated using cellular accumulation experiments with or without a BCRP inhibitor. The R(net) of sotalol, propranolol, propafenone and procainamide were less than 1.5, while R(net) of flecainide with concentrations of 20 and 5 μmol x L(-1) were 1.6 and 1.9, respectively. The results showed that the transport of flecainide on MDCKII-BCRP cell monolayer could be mediated by BCRP; and the affinity increased when the concentration of flecainide decreased. Cellular accumulation experiments further suggested that accumulation of flecainide in MDCKII-BCRP cells was significantly lower than that in MDCKII cells in a concentration-dependent manner. BCRP inhibitor quercetin (50 μmol x L(-1)) significantly increased the accumulation of flecainide in MDCKII-BCRP cells (P < 0.05). Our preliminary data showed that flecainide but not sotalol, propranolol, propafenone or procainamide can be a substrate of BCRP. Thus the effect of flecainide may be affected by the BCRP in the maternal placental trophoblast membrane layer when treating fetal tachyarrhythmia.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical significance of programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) protein in serum of pa-tients with lung cancer. METHODS:80 lung cancer inpatients were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine(hereinafter referred to asour hospital)as lung cancer group;60 healthy volunteers were selected from our hospital at the same period as normal group. ELISA was used to test the expression of PDCD5 protein,and the relationship of PDCD5 protein with clinical pathological features of lung cancer patients were analyzed. RESULTS:The expression of PDCD5 pro-tein in normal group was significantly higher than lung cancer group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). The expression of PDCD5 protein in lung caner patients was not associated with gender,smoking history and pathological type(P>0.05);it was de-creased as the decrease of tumor differentiation degree,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The expression of PDCD5 protein in patients with carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)<5.6μmol/L was significantly higher than those with CEA≥5.6μmol/L;the expres-sion of PDCD5 protein in patients with cytokeratin 19 soluble fragment (CYFRA21-1)<5.6 μmol/L was significantly higher than those with CYFRA21-1≥5.6 μmol/L,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The expression of PDCD5 protein in patients with Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage lung cancer was significantly higher than Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage lung cancer patients;the expression of PDCD5 protein in patients without distant metastasis was significantly higher than those with distant metastasis. The expression of PDCD5 protein was in de-creasing as the increase of the number of metastasis site,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:PDCD5 protein in serum of patients with lung cancer shows low expression level,which is related to tumor differentiation degree,tumor marker level as CEA and CYFRA21-1,tumor stage and distant metastasis,etc. The detection of PDCD5 protein may contribute to clinical diagnosis of lung cancer.

Objective: To study the characteristics and clinical appearence of polymyositis (PM ) or dermatomyositis (DM)combined with thyroid diseases,and to analyze the clinical significance.Methods:Total 77 patients first diagnosed as PM or DM were selected.All the patients were divided into four groups according to their thyroid functions,which were normal thyroid function group,low T3 syndrome group,hypothyroidism group, and subclinical hypothyroidism group.Their clinical manifestations,laboratory features,immunological examination results and prognosis were collected and analyzed.Results:In all the PM/DM patients,there were 41 cases with thyroid disfunction, including 17 cases (41.46%)with low T3 syndrome (41.46%).Compared with normal thyroid function group,the patients in hypothyroidism group were more vulnerable to dysphagia and edema (P <0.05);the proportion of proteinuria was also significantly increased (P <0.05).The PM/DM patients with low T3 syndrome were more easier to have higher incidence of death,higher level of C-reactive protein and lower levels of albumin and calciumion as well as higher incidence of edema and pleural effusion (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion:The incidence of PM/DM combined with thyroid disfunction is higher,and low T3 syndrome is most common.The PM/DM patients with hypothyroidism and low T3 syndrome are more likely to suffer the digestive system,lung and kidney injuries.The patients with low T3 syndrome have a higher death rate.

Data of key medical disciplines and talented personnel training in Jiangsu Province were analyzed,and a plan for their future development is proposed.

Objective:To explore the changes of NK and NKT cells and the expression levels of their activated, inhibitory receptors in the peripheral blood of patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), and to reveal the potiential role of NK and NKT cells played in the pathogenesis of RA.Methods:32 patients with new onset RA and 15 healthy controls were recruited.Activated and inhibitory NK and NKT cells in peripheral blood were quantified by flow cytometry.The frequency of spontaneous and stimulated IFN-γ+NK and NKT cells and CD107aγ+NK cells were examined.Finally,the potential relationship between the frequency of NK and NKT cells subsets and clinical indexes were analyzed.Results:The frequencies of NK cells in peripheral blood in RA patients were sig-nificantly lower than those in the controls ( P=0.026 ).The frequencies of NKG2D+, NKP46+activated NK cells and NKG2C+, NKG2D+,NKP46+activated NKT cells in RA patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P=0.011,P=0.010,and P<0.001,P=0.032,P=0.001,respectively),whereas the frequencies of KIR2DL3+,KIR3DL1+and NKG2A+inhibitory NK cells and KIR2DL3+,NKG2A+inhibitory NKT cells in RA patients were significantly lower (P=0.002,P=0.002,P=0.014,and P=0.027,P=0.002,respectively).Moreover, the frequencies of stimulated IFN-γ+NK cells and IFN-γ+NKT cells, spontaneous and stimulated CD107 aγ+NK cells in RA patients were significantly higher than that in the controls ( P=0.037, P=0.004 and P=0.001, P=0.001, respectively).Furthermore,the frequencies of NK cells,NKG2Aγ+and KIR2DL3γ+inhibitory NK cells were correlated significantly with the values of DAS28 in RA patients (r=0.357,P=0.045;r=0.399,P=0.024;r=0.468,P=0.021,respectively).Conclusion:Lower frequencies of NK cells, higher frequencies of activated NK cells and activated NKT cells, lower frequencies of inhibitory NK cells and inhibitory NKT cells, and higher NK cell activity may induce the autoimmune reaction involved in the pathogenesis of RA.

Objective To summarize the manifestation of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) on ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS).MethodsThe 2D ultrasound and CEUS images of 16 patients With AIP were retrospectively analyzed.Results On 2D ultrasound,AIP presented as diffusely(15 cases) or focally (1 case)swelling with low echo.13 cases revealed dilatation of the biliary tract.The choledochal wall showed thickening with a sandwich-pattern in 9 cases,which was also shown in 3 intrahepatic bile ducts and 3 gall bladders.On CEUS,6 AlP of diffuse form enhanced simultaneously and homogeneously.1 AIP with enlarged pancreatic head enhanced simultaneously,the enhanced degree in pancreatic head was higher than that of the surrounding pancreatic tissue in the vascular phase and equal to that in the parenchymatous perfusion phase.1 AIP of focal form enhanced slightly late compared with normal pancreatic tissue and the enhanced degree was lower in the vascular phase,while in parenchymatous perfusion phase.the pancreatic tissue enhanced homogeneously.ConclusionsThe manifestation of AIP on ultrasound and CEUS had some features which were helpful in diagnosis of AIP.

Animals ; Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferators ; metabolism ; Protein Isoforms ; metabolism

Objective To discuss the effect of “practice teaching methods ” in musculoskeletal ultrasound diagnosis training process .Methods Thirty refresher doctors for a month with the method training .The effect training is evaluated by objective exam and questionnaire survey .Results Thirty refresher doctors received tests before and after the training .Test results showed that the accuracy after the training was significantly higher than that of before ( P<0.05 ) .Refresher doctors survey about satisfaction of the training method showed that whole satisfaction is 100%, in which 70%were very satisfied , 30%were satisfied .The self-assessment results for the improvement of the level of diagnosis musculoskeletal ultrasound showed that 45%doctors are very satisfied ,40%doctors are satis-fied, and 15%is not satisfied .Conclusions With the implementation of “teaching by practice” method, refresher doctors could master the knowledge of musculoskeletal anatomy as soon as possible , and have the ability to diagnose common musculoskeletal diseases independently .

Objective To detect the change of cerebral perfusion in pediatric patients with Leigh's syndrome (LS)by using MR perfusion technique.Methods Twelve patients with Leigh's syndrome and thirteen normal children were scanned with the sequence of flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery exempting separate T_1 measurement (FAIREST).Their relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF)values were obtained in regions of bilateral basilar nuclei and bilateral thalami.Student t-test was used to compare them between the two groups and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was carried out.Results Statistical analysis revealed significant difference between two groups in the regions of bilateral basilar nuclei and right thalamus(t =3.26,P =0.002;t =2.25 ,P =0.018 ;t =2.88 ,P =0.004,respectively).The rCBF values for LS group and control group were 0.432?0.158 and 0.619?0.125 for right basilar nuclear, 0.478?0.186 and 0.621?0.123 for left basilar nuclear,0.630?0.189 and 0.833?0.160 for right thalamus,respectively.The areas under the ROC curves were 0.833 and 0.756 for the rCBF of right and left basilar nuclear,respectively.Conclusion Relative CBF maps may reveal changes of cerebral blood flow in some specific brain regions in patients with Leigh's syndrome.It can provide additional information to the clinicians in the evaluation of the disease.

Objective:To investigate the normal sonographic anatomic characteristics of the pectoralis major and the clinical value of ultrasound in diagnosing the extent and location of the pectoralis major tears.Methods:High frequency transducer was used in scanning the pectoralis major.The ultrasono-graphic images of 40 normal pectoralis major were obtained from 20 healthy volunteers with both sides. Longitudinal and transversal views were performed and stored.The distal tendon was identified in the transverse plane coursing superficially to the long head of the biceps brachii tendon inferior to the level of the subscapularis tendon.Eighteen cases of pectoralis major tears were analyzed retrospectively,with MRI,surgical and ultrasound follow-up results correlation respectively.Results:High-frequency ultra-sound could clearly show the anatomic orientation of the normal pectoralis major.The fibers converge was like a fan into three laminae that twisted upon each other at 90°before coalescing into a single tendon of insertion.In the study,1 8 patients of pectoralis major muscle tears [average age:(37.2 ±1 5.6)years] sustained injuries during weightlifting,basketball and impact.Three of the eighteen patients had MRI re-sults;nine had surgical correlation;six were followed by ultrasound.Eleven were injured on the left side,and 7 on the right side.Seven were involved in the distal tendon (1 in sternal head,2 in clavicular head,4 in both sternal and clavicular head),five were involved the musculotendinous junction,6 were involved muscle belly.Twelve cases were partial-thickness petoralis major tears(4 in the distal tendon, four in the muscle tendon junction,4 in the muscle belly),with the partial fiber intact,echogenicity de-creased and the internal structure disordered;6 cases (3 in the distal tendon,1 in the muscle tendon junction,2 in pectoralis major muscle belly)were completely disrupted,with fiber fracture and retrac-tion,accompanied with or without hematoma formation.Conclusion:High-frequency ultrasound can clearly show the anatomic structure of the pectoralis major.Ultrasonography can diagnose the pectoralis major tears with the extent and location of injuries,and can be used to help the clinical treatment.