BACKGROUND:Lumbar spinal stenosis can result in lumbar nerve root pain and other symptoms or even disability, which seriously impacts people’s quality of life. Interbody fusion is the main clinical treatment. Studies have shown that an interspinous fusion cage is prone to have hairline fractures and loss of implant; therefore, biomechanical properties and biocompatibility of the interbody fusion cage at L4/5need to be studied.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the stability of the interspinous fusion cage at L4/5, and to explore the biomechanical properties and biocompatibility of adjacent segments.
METHODS: Ten adult fresh frozen spine specimens were selected and divided into normal group and model group, with five specimens in each group. The specimens were numbered and placed in a special fixture. The interspinous fusion cage, made in Zhengzhou Cast Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., China, was implantedin vivo and fixed using a cage fixator made of Ti6AL-4V ELI.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Artificial vertebral bodies had less strain changes than the normal vertebrae in different implantation positions in terms of central compression, anteflexion, rear protraction, lateroflexion (P < 0.05). During vertebral displacement under the maximum load of 500 N, the linear displacement and angular displacement in anteflexion, rear protraction, left lateral flexion, levorotation were decreased significantly in the model group than the normal group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the interspinous fusion cage can maximaly preserve the range of motion of the injured vertebral body, maintain the stability of the segment, and reduce the stress of the intervertebral disc.

Objective To detect the serum levels of epidermal growth factor（EGF）in rheumatoid arthritis（RA）patients,and explore the possible role of EGF in RA.Methods The serum level of EGF was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）in 38 RA patients diagnosed according to dianostic criteria for RA by American Rheumatism Association and 20 healthy controls.Rheumatoid factor（RF）,erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR）and C-creative protein（CRP）were also measured in these 38 RA patients.The relation beween the serum level changes of EGF and the corresponding clinical indexes in the two groups was statistically analyzed.Results Compared with the healthy individuals,the serum EGF levels of RA patients increased significantly（P 0.05）.Compared with simple bone rarefaction patients,the serum levels of EGF increased significantly in the bone erosion patients（P 0.05）.The serum levels of EGF in RA patients had no correlation with RF,ESR and CRP levels（P 0.05）.Conclusion The evident increase of serum EGF level in RA patients,especially in bone erosion patients,suggests that EGF may partly play a role in the pathogenesis of RA.

Objective To observe the clinical sedativelefficacy of Tianwang-Buxin Dan treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.Methods 97 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing mechanical ventilation were randomly recruited into a treatment group (47 cases) and a control group (50 cases).The control group was treated with midazolam and fentanyl,and the treatment group were treated by Tianwang-Buxin Dan on the basis of the control group.The amount of medazolam and fentanyl,duration of MV,and incidence of side-effects such as hypotension,bradycardia,delirium,nausea,etc were observed in both groups.Results The expected sedative and analgesia scores were obtained in patients of both groups.Compared with the control group,the patients in the treatment group were easier to be aroused and be kept in sedation and analgesia state,besides the dose of midazolam (μg/kg·h-1) (9.51 ±5.87 vs 20.01 ±6.24,P＜0.01)and fentanyl (μg/kg·h-1) was significantly fewer (0.22 ±0.13 vs 0.32±0.12,P＜0.05),duration of MV (days) was shorter(7.13±6.25 vs 12.85±9.13,P＜0.01),duration of disable sedatives for extubating (hours)was shorter (4.35 ± 2.57 vs 8.79±4.02,P＜0.01),the rates of hypotensionand brdycarcardia were significantly lower,the rates of delirium and nausea were clearly lower(both P＜0.05)in the treatment group.Conclusion Sedative effect of Tianwang-Buxin Dan is satisfactory for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing mechanical ventilation,with the property of easier arousal,lower hypotension rates,lower brdycarcardia rates,lower delirium rates nausea rates,and fewer dosage of midazolam (by 50％) and fentanyl (by 30％) administration.

Objective To investigate the difference of curative effect of various surgical methods for the treatment of idiopathic senile macular hole. Methods A retrospective analysis was made for 86 eyes with stage Ⅱ Ⅳ idiopathic full thickness macular hole treated with various modes of operation,ie, single vitrectomy (7 eyes),vitrectomy combined with autologous platelet concentrate (APC) as an adjuvant (40 eyes), vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling (14 eyes), vitrectomy with both ILM peeling and APC treatment (25 eyes). The main outcome measures included anatomic reattachment rate,change of visual acuity,findings of optic coherence tomography (OCT), Amsler grid and intra or postoperative complication evaluations. Results (1) In visual acuity improvement, the APC group (80.0%) was significantly better than anyone of the other three groups ( P

Objective To examine the current situation of smoke-free policies and the support for comprehensive smoke free policies in Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Yinchuan. Methods Data from Wave 1 of the ITC China Survey (April 2006-August 2008) were analyzed. The ITC China Survey employed a multistage sampling design across 6 cities: Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Yinchuan. Face to face interviews were conducted with a total of 4 815 smokers and 1 270 non-smokers across the 6 cities to examine their support for smoke free policies. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with support for comprehensive smoke free policies. Results None of the six cities had implemented comprehensive smoke free policies. Support for comprehensive smoke free policies in workplaces, restaurants and bars was relatively lower compared to hospitals, schools, and public transport vehicles. Support for comprehensive smoke free policies in workplaces, restaurants and bars were associated with knowledge about the adverse health effects of secondhand smoke (for workplaces OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.08~1.49; for restaurants and bars OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.17~2.05). Conclusion More comprehensive smoke free policies are needed in the 6 cities. To improve support for comprehensive smoke free policies, public knowledge about the adverse health effects of secondhand smoke needs to be strengthened.

Objective To understand the influence of nursing intervention in community on hypertension pa-tients′life style and behaviors.Methods 183 hypertensive patients admitted registered in Donghu Street community were selected for nursing intervention for 18 months, from whom effect evaluation was made through pre -and post -intervention.Results Nursing intervention had significant influence on hypertension patients′life style such as smoking, drinking, salt restriction and exercise (p <0.01).With improvement of notable knowledge on hypertension and its risk factors, control rate of blood pressure and medicine taking compliance all increased significantly (p <0.01), but illegible improvement was found respecting weight control, high fat diet and patients′emotion (p >0.05).Conclusion In some way community nursing intervention can alter hypertension patients′life style and help to improve their health status and quality of life.

Objective To observe the protective effects of AG on the myocardial ultrastructure of diabetic rats.Methods STZ-induced diabetic male SD rats were divided into two groups: aminoguanidine(AG group,50 mg?kg~(-1) body weight by daily gavage) and diabetes mellitus groups(DM group).Age-matched normal male SD rats served as normal control(NC group).After 10 weeks of treatment the level of blood glucose was measured and the rats were killed.Cardiac muscle were observed by transmission electronic microscope.Results The changes of cardiac ultrastructure had no significant difference between AG-group and NC-group and were better in AG group than in DM group as following:(1) Myofibril arranged tidily with intact regular edge;(2) Mitochodria were big and normomorph with crests arranging densely,some mitochondria gathered locally;(3)Base membrane of blood vessels didn′t thicken with lumen not narrowed;(4) The collagenous fiber in stroma reduced but amorphous material didn′t reduced. Conclusions The ultrastructure pictures of diabetic cardiomyopathy is inhibited or delayed by AG,which suggests that AGEs may play some role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the multi-drug resistant genes(genes encoding extended-spectrum ?-lactamases,outer membrane protein gene oprD2,aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes,sulfonamides and disinfectant-resistance gene and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains.METHODS The drug-resistance to 15 antibiotics was detected by the disc agar diffusion(DAD) and microdilution broth method in 32 P.aeruginosa strains isolated from Jun to Dec 2006.Twenty-eight related drug-resistant genes and outer membrane protein gene oprD2 were examined by PCR method.RESULTS The resistance rate of 32 P.aeruginosa strains to amikacin,ceftazidime,ciprofloxacin,cefepime,cefoperazone/sulbactam,imipenem,meropenem,levofloxacin,piperacillin/tazobactam,aztreonam and piperacillin were 9.4%,25%,59.4%,68.7%,68.8%,78.1%,81.1%,81.3%,84.4% and 94.4%,respectively,and that to others antibiotics were 100%.The detective rate of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes(aac(6′)-Ⅱ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,aph(3′)-Ⅵ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ and aac(3)-Ⅰ) were 68.8%,62.5%,21.9%,9.4%,9.4% and 6.3%,and the genes encoding extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(blaFOX,blaIMP,blaVIM and blaDHA) were 37.5% 15.6% 6.3% and 9.3%,respectively.Twenty-two(68.8%) of them were detected in oprD2 and 9(28.1%),but positive in qacE?-sul1 gene.CONCLUSIONS The detective rate of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes,extended-spectrum ?-lactamases genes and the loss rate of outer membrane protein gene oprD2 are high in these 32 multi-drug resistant P.aeruginosa clinical strains.

OBJECTIVE To investigate genes associated with aminoglycosides modification enzymes(AMEs)in Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE)isolated from NICU patients.METHODS Drug-resistant genes encoding AMEs such as aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(3)-Ⅲ、aac(3)-Ⅳ,aac(6')-Ⅰ,aac(6')-Ⅱ,aph(3')-Ⅵ,ant(3″)-Ⅰand ant(2″)-Ⅰwere detected bypoly merase chain reaction(PCR)amplification in 36 PAE isolates.The bacteria were identified by ATB.RESULTS The positive rates of aac(6')-Ⅱ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6')-Ⅰ and aph(3')-Ⅵ genes were 52.8%,47.2%,11.1% and 2.8% of 36 isolates,respectively.Drug-resistant genes encoding AMEs were detected positively in 77.8% of 36 isolates.CONCLUSIONS AMEs genes are present in high percentage of PAE isolated from NICU patients.

Objective To describe localized peripapillary detachment in highly myopic eyes, and to analyze the possible cause of this newly recognized fundus lesion. Methods From December 2002 to January 2004, 10 eyes from 7 patients with high myopia were identified to have localized peripapillary detachment by optical coherent tomography (OCT). The features were described together with the fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and multifocal electroretinogram. Results Peripapillary detachment was not the reason for any patient to be referred for examinations. The reasons of vision decrease or lower BCVA were relatively severe myopic chorioretinal changes, CNV, pre macular membrane formation, and amblyopia. The areas of peripapillary detachment were all located within the posterior staphyloma. The length of the detached retina was undoubtedly shorter than that of the corresponding RPE and inner layer of choroids, which attached to sclera, on OCT. Conclusion Peripapillary detachment is probably a benign complication of staphyloma