Patients with moyamoya disease often have cognitive impairment.The specific mechanisms are unclear.Surgical intervention relieving low perfusion state of cerebral blood flow may be the only effective way in the treatment of moyamoya disease,maintain or improve cognitive function at present; however the related surgical indications,timing of surgery,postoperative hyperperfusion syndrome,as well as long-term efficacy and other issues must be resolved.

Adenoma, Liver Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver ; chemistry ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; biosynthesis ; Young Adult

Actins ; metabolism ; Angiomyolipoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Mediastinum ; pathology ; surgery ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism

Pharmacology can be defined as the study of sub-stances that interact with living systems through chemical proces-ses. Pharmacology plays an important role to bridge the transla-tional gap between the basic medicine and clinical medicine. In this article, the projects in pharmacology funded by NSFC during 2004~2013 were reviewed. The new features and new problems in the projects of pharmacology were briefly analyzed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) proliferation and differentiation in vitro.Methods The sheep BMSCs were isolated and expanded in vitro and divided into experimental group and control group.bFGF(2 ?g?L-1) was added into cell culture medium of experimental group.In control group,no bFGF was added.The morphological differences of BMSCs between two group were observed.Growth curves and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity were assessed.In order to observe the influence of bFGF on differentiation potential of BMSCs,osteogenic and adipogenic inductions were conducted on BMSCs in two groups.Results Fibroblast colonies appeared 1 week after seeding of the mononuclear cells.2 weeks later,more colonies formed and each colony became larger.The cell number was 2.5 times of the control when the first passage cells grew to confluence and the ALP activity in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P

Chronic inflammatory response often involves in the progression of disease in all organ system.While inflammation has been a highlight topic of study in many decades for patho-genesis or identifying drug targets to disease-associated inflam-mation.In this paper,the main fundamental research areas of projects funded by NSFC on inflammation during 2010 ~2015 are reviewed.The features and research types of projects are an-alyzed.

Quantitative NMR (qNMR) is a technology based on the principle of NMR. This technology does not need the references of the determined components, which supplies a solution for the problem of reference scarcity in the quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. Moreover, this technology has the advantages of easy operation, non-destructiveness for the determined sample, high accuracy and repeatability, in comparison with HPLC, LC-MS and GC-MS. NMR technology has achieved quantum leap in sensitivity and accuracy with the development of NMR hardware. In addition, the choice of appropriate experimental parameters of the pre-treatment and measurement procedure as well as the post-acquisition processing is also important for obtaining high-quality and reproducible NMR spectra. This review summarizes the principle of qHNMR, the various experimental parameters affecting the accuracy and the precision of qHNMR, such as signal to noise ratio, relaxation delay, pulse width, acquisition time, window function, phase correction and baseline correction, and their corresponding optimized methods. Moreover, the application of qHNMR in the fields of quantitation of single or multi-components of traditional Chinese medicines, the purity detection of references, and the quality analysis of foods has been discussed. In addition, the existing questions and the future application prospects of qNMR in natural product areas are also presented.

Objective To analyze the correlation between postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and calculi composition following flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) lithotripsy.Methods The clinical data of 1 130 patients with kidney stones treated with f-URS lithotripsy in the department of urology surgery of our hospital from November 2013 to August 2016 were collected to analyze the correlation between postoperative SIRS occurrence and calculi composition.Results The compositions of urinary stones were mainly calcium oxalate monohydrate(67.7 ％),carbonate apatite (14.7 ％),anhydrous uric acid (6.4 ％),six magnesium ammonium phosphate (6.2 ％) and calcium oxalate dihydrate (3.2 ％).Only six magnesium ammonium phosphate was related to the development of SIRS(P＜0.01).Conclusion Six magnesium ammonium phosphate has a correlation with the development of SIRS following f-URS lithotripsy,and the results of stone compositions analysis can help to prevent the occurrence of SIRS after f-URS lithotripsy.

Objective To observe the difference of morphology and phagocytosis between alveolar macrophages (AMs) and pulmonary interstitial macrophages (IMs). Methods AMs were collected by lung lavage and IMs by treatment of the lung tissue with DNAse and collagenase. The two cell populations were analyzed with respect to morphology by transmission electron microscopy, and the variation of these macrophages of phagocytosis were tested by malachite green colorimetry. Results There were great differences in morphology between AMs and IMs. The phagocytosis of AMs was much stronger than that of IMs. Conclusion There is functional and morphological heterogeneity between AMs and IMs. IMs should not be regarded as the precursors to AMs.

Objective:To summarize the feasibility and clinical experience of various types of aortic surgery through upper hemisternotomy.Methods:From June 2016 to October 2019, 63 patients underwent various types of aortic operations through upper hemisternotomy in our department. Among them, there were 51 males and 12 females with an average age of(49.7±12.7) years. All kinds of major vascular operations include: 33 cases of aortic dissection procedure; 9 cases of Bentall procedure; 7 cases of wheat procedure; 2 cases of Ross procedure; 2 cases of David procedure; 2 cases of simple ascending aorta replacement procedure; 3 cases of redo thoracic Bentall procedure; 2 cases of redo thoracic wheat operation; 1 case of redo thoracic aortic root leakage repair procedure; 2 cases of redo thoracic ascending aorta procedure, innominate artery, left common carotid artery replacement and removal of intravalvular vegetation procedure; 1 case of Bentall plus pulmonary valve and pulmonary artery replacement procedure. Among them, aortic dissection included 11 cases of ascending and total arch replacement plus descending aortic stent implantation procedure; 2 cases of AVR plus ascending and total arch replacement procedure; 5 cases of ascending and semi-arch replacement procedure; 4 cases of David plus ascending and total arch replacement plus descending aortic stent implantation procedure; 1 case of redo thoracotomy David plus ascending and total arch replacement with descending aortic stent implantation procedure; 1 case of David plus ascending and total arch replacement procedure; 6 case of AVP/AVR/Bentall plus ascending and total arch replacement and descending aortic stent implantation procedure; 2 cases of redo total arch replacement and descending aortic stent implantation procedure and aortic root vascular graft wrapping plus ascending aorta and 1 case of total arch replacement with descending aortic stent implantation procedure.Results:All 63 cases of operation were successfully completed without transforming to middle sternotomy; 1 case with acute renal failure was treated by dialysis, and then complicated with septic shock and intracranial hemorrhage, and died of ineffective rescue; 2 cases were treated by thoracotomy exploration and hemostasis; 9 cases with pericardial effusion needed pericardiocentesis; 2 cases with lower extremity muscle weakness after operation: one treated by drainage of spinal fluid and the muscle strength of the lower extremities was restored, another one complicated with infection, acute renal failure and hypoxemia was treated by anti-infection, continuous CRRT, gamma globulin infusion and rehabilitation exercise, the muscle strength of the lower extremities was eventually restored. Except for one death in hospital, all the other patients were cured and discharged.Conclusion:Well exposure of aortic root, ascending aorta and descending part of arch can be obtained through upper hemisternotomy and various types of aortic proceduer can be done with satisfactory results through this approach.