OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathology characteristics of congenital preauricular fistula with infection, in order to reduce the recurrence rate after surgery and improve operative technique. METHOD: Twenty-five patients diagnosed as congenital preauricular fistula with infection were analyzed. There were 14 patients in infection history group, 9 in infective stage group, and 2 in recurrence group respectively. The whole piece of fistula and scar tissue was completely excised during operation. The specimens were observed by naked eye and serial tissue sections were analyzed. RESULT: (1) Macroscopically, in infection history group, initial morphology can be maintained near the fistula orifice, but the distal tissue was dark red scar tissue. In infective stage group, the distal tissue of the specimens was granulation tissue and cicatricial tissue. The granulation tissue was crisp and bright red. In recurrence group, multicystic lesions with severe edema was observed, with a classical dumb-bell appearence. (2) Microscopically, in infection history group and recurrence group, we can see that the distal fistula tissue was discontinuous and was separated by scar tissue. In infective stage group, we can find neo-angiogenesis and infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes, neutrophil between interrupted fistula tissues. (3) All patients were followed up for 6-12 month, without recurrence. CONCLUSION The fistula tissue of congenital preauricular fistula with infection was divided by the scar tissue, and they did not communicate with each other. Complete delineation of fistula is hardly achieved by methylene blue staining. Radical excision of the fistula and scar tissue may help to avoid leaving viable squamous epithelial remnants and reduce the recurrence rate.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To compare the difference of the protein about the patient of hepatitis B who received adefovir dipivoxil(ADV)therapy,and seek the useful biomarker of effective therapy.Methods We used the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technology to examine HBV infected serum samples aiming at searching protein's alteration after ADV therapy.Results After 1 year's treatment,haptoglobin, haptoglobin 2-alpha raised and alpha-l-antitrypsin precursor,Factor B,Chain B,transthyretin,glutathione peroxidase,alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein,retina]binding protein,retinol-binding protein precursor, apolipoprotein,apolipoprotein A-I precursor fell in viral response patients.Transthyretin raised and leucine- rich alpha-2-glyeoprotein,haptoglobin,alpha-2-actin,apolipoprotein A-I precursor fell in none viral response patients.To compare two groups:apolipoprotein A-I have the same change and haptoglobin, transthyretin have the opposite change.Conclusion Proteomics study can find the alteration of protein during the ADV treatment,and is helpful to searching the predictable biomarker to ADV.

Cell Line ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-beta ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo further study the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of interferon beta-1a (IFN beta-1a) on the activation of human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) LX-2, and to analyze the differences on the protein expression in LX-2 induced by I IFN beta-1a.

METHODSCultured LX-2 cells were treated with 2000 U/ml IFN beta-1a for 48 h. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was performed to compare protein patterns of the control (untreated) and IFN beta-1a treated LX-2 and for quantitative and qualitative analyses of protein expression. A rat liver fibrosis model was established and the rats were sacrificed and their various tissues were obtained for the same analyses. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to validate the expression of the changed proteins after treatment of IFN beta-1a in LX-2 cells and of various tissues of the rats.

RESULTS708 +/- 25 spots were detected in control LX-2 cells and 804 +/- 32 spots in IFN beta-1a-treated LX-2 cells. A match rate of 73%-82% was achieved. The results also showed that 31 protein spots displayed quantitative changes in expression after IFN beta-1a treatment. Of the 31 spots, 21 proteins were identified, of which, one was newly found, two were enhanced in abundance and 18 showed lower expressions. The newly found protein was glia maturation factor beta (GMF beta). The treatment of LX-2 with IFN beta-1a increased the production of GMF beta(GMF beta) protein in comparison with the untreated cells (t=1.81, P < 0.01). The expression of GMF beta protein (1.81 vs 0.10) and mRNA (0.85 vs 0.12) were more in the normal liver tissues than in the cirrhotic liver tissues (t=2.53, 2.13 respectively, P < 0.01). The expressions of GMF beta protein and mRNA were weak in rat heart and lung tissues, however, they were strong in rat liver, kidney, spleen and brain tissues (t=1.91, 1.94 respectively, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThere is a significant difference of protein expression levels between IFN beta-1a untreated and treated LX-2 cells. These proteins, especially GMF beta, may be involved in an inhibition process of IFN beta-1a on activation and apoptosis of LX-2 cells. This proteome study may be useful in further studies of the relationship of IFN beta-1a treatment and human liver diseases.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Female ; Glia Maturation Factor ; metabolism ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon beta-1a ; Interferon-beta ; pharmacology ; Liver ; cytology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; Proteome ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between pathological characteristics of target organs and excess evil syndrome in IgA nephropathy.

METHODSData were collected in multicenter cooperation. Totally 266 IgA nephropathy patients were typed into exogenous wind-heat affection syndrome (49 cases), lower energizer damp-heat syndrome (100 cases), damp-phlegm syndrome (43 cases), and blood stasis syndrome (74 cases). Meanwhile, percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in all patients for Hass classification, Oxford classification, Katafuchi integral, and Jiang's classification methods. The correlation between excess evil syndrome and pathological index was analyzed.

RESULTSFour syndrome types were correlated with their Hass levels (r = 0. 341, P <0. 01). Affection of exogenous wind-heat syndrome was correlated with segmental proliferation of endothelial cells and damaged active lesions of segmental capillary loops. Lower-energizer damp-heat syndrome was associated with Hass III level, destroying active lesions of capillary loops, segmental proliferation of endothelial cells, glomerular segmental lesions, focal interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, focal interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Blood stasis syndrome was associated with Hass IV level, glomerular sclerosis, segmental glomerulosclerosis (S)/adhesion, mesangial hypercellularity (M), angiohyalinosis, multi-foci interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, multi-foci interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Phlegm-damp syndrome had higher proportions of Hass I and III levels, but with no association with other pathological parameters.

CONCLUSIONSExcess evil syndrome was associated with partial pathological characteristics of IgA nephropathy. It could reflect pathological damage degree of target organs, activities, chronic lesions, and prognosis of IgA nephropathy to certain extent. Correlated pathological characteristics and its evolution could indicate excess evil syndrome types and their evolution rules.

Capillaries ; Fibrosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Prognosis ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To examine the genetic polymorphism of 9 STR loci in 5 ethnic groups (including Tu, Sala, Dongxiang, Baoan and Yugu) in Gansu and Qinghai, and to evaluate its application. METHODS: Nine STR loci (D3S1358, FGA, TH01, D7S820, VWA, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317 and TPOX) were selected as genetic markers. With STR compound amplification and genescan methods, in which STR loci were marked by fluorescence, the genotype of 5 ethnic groups were examined in 606 unrelated individuals by ABI 377 sequencer. These parameters, such as polymorphism information content (PIC), heterozygosity (H), discrimination power (DP) and probability of paternity exclusion (PPE) were calculated. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies of the 9 STR loci were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. PIC was within 0.6054 - 0.8735, H was within 0.6158 - 0.8736, DP was within 0.7964 - 0.9691, and PPE was within 0.4610 - 0.8838. Cluster analysis based on allele frequencies in genesis showed Tu, Sala, Dongxiang and Baoan ethnic groups were very close, but Yugu was a little bit far. There were obvious gene exchanges among the populations in north and south of China. CONCLUSION All the 9 STR loci are highly polymorphic in the 5 ethnic groups, which can be useful genetic markers in forensic medicine and population genetics.
China ; ethnology ; Cluster Analysis ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; genetics

Objective To identify risk factors for a human orf disease outbreak in a village in Chongqing city. Methods Standardized case-definition was set and a case-finding program was conducted among all the residents of the village. All the patients were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire and collected fluids in the skin rash for laboratory testing. A retrospective cohort investigation was conducted among all the village residents who introduced the black goats to analyze the risk of orf infection, in relation to the mode and frequency of contacts to the infected goats. Results We found 18 cases (including 16 suspected cases and 2 confirmed cases) among the members of 10 families that introduced the black goats. Village residents who had ever used their legs to grip the goats were nearly five times as likely to develop orf disease as those who did not (RR=4.98, 95％CI: 1.34-75.27). Village residents who had ever washed and wiped the goats were three times as likely to develop orf disease as those who had not (RR = 3.09,95％CI: 0.98-45.38). The frequency of contacts with the infected goats was associated with the risk of developing orf disease in a dose-response fashion (x2 test for trends: P= 0.006).Frequently wearing long trousers when dealing with the goats appeared as a protective factor (RR=0.30,95％CI: 0.15-0.78). Conclusion This outbreak was caused by the introduced black goats which carried and infected by the orf virus. Direct physical contact with infected goats but without wearing protective clothing were risk factors for the development of human orf disease.

BACKGROUNDAtypical meningioma is one of the rare subtypes of meningioma, which is lacking of optimal consensus on treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate the radical treatment strategies to improve the long-term outcome of recurrent atypical meningiomas.

METHODSThe prognostic factors including the age and gender of patients; the location, histology, recurrence pattern and mitotic cell rate of the tumors; and the resection extents, surgical strategies and adjuvant therapies of 15 cases of recurrent atypical meningiomas were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe age and gender of patients were not associated with tumor recurrence. However, high recurrence rates and poor prognosis for atypical meningiomas were associated with the high mitotic cell rate, failure to achieve Simpson grade I-II resection, and without the dura and bone flap replacement intraoperatively. Post-operative radiotherapy improved the outcomes of tumors in patients after the second surgery.

CONCLUSIONRadical treatment strategies such as dura and bone flap replacements and radiotherapy should be considered in patients diagnosed with atypical meningiomas.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Meningioma ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and clinical implication of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSTIMP-1 expression in 54 colorectal carcinoma was observed by SP immunohistochemical method, and the results were analyzed in relation to the clinical data of patients.

RESULTSTIMP-1 was localized on the membrane and in the cytoplasm of the enteric epithelial cells, and its expression rate was 100% in normal tissue but only 59.6% (31/52) in colorectal carcinoma tissues. In addition, the expression rate of TIMP-1 was higher in the tumor tissues without lymph node metastasis than in tissues with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of TIMP-1 is inversely correlated to lymph node metastasis of colorectal carcinoma, and decreased TIMP-1 expression may play a role in the progression of colorectal carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epithelial Cells ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo develop a novel gene delivery vector TAT-PEI-beta-CyD.

METHODSbeta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD) was linked by low molecular weight (PEI 600) via 1, 1-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), and TAT peptide (RRRQRRKKRC) was coupled to PEI 600 by [N-succinimidy-3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate, SPDP]. The copolymer was characterized by (1)H-NMR and FT-IR. Physiochemical characteristics of TAT-PEI-beta-CyD/DNA complexes were tested by agarose gel electrophoresis and particle size measurements. Cell viability and transfection efficiency were evaluated in A293 and B16 cells using PEI 25 kDa as a control.

RESULTTAT peptide was successfully coupled to PEI-beta-CyD. The result of gel electrophoresis showed that the TAT-PEI-beta-CyD was able to condense DNA efficiently at N/P ratio of 4. The particle size of TAT-PEI-beta-CyD/DNA complexes was around 100 nm. The cytotoxicity of TAT-PEI-beta-CyD was lower than that of PEI 25 kDa. The transfection efficiency of TAT-PEI-beta-CyD was higher than that of PEI 25 kDa in A293 and B16 cells at N/P ratio of 30.

CONCLUSIONThe novel vector TAT-PEI-beta-CyD has been developed successfully with low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency.

Cell Line ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; chemistry ; Polyethyleneimine ; chemistry ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; chemistry ; tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; chemistry