Heavy metal treatment in wastewater by biosorption using moulds was introduced. Different uptake capacities of several different moulds were reviewed. Some factors affecting biosorption were summarized. The mechanism of moulds adsorption and techniques of immobilization were also discussed. In addition, the development tendency of heavy metal treatment in wastewater by biosorption using moulds was envisioned.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Video-Assisted Surgery ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the anatomic feature and exposing methods of recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) in thyroid surgery. Methods The data of 327 cases of thyroid tumor were analyzed retrospectively. The anatomic feature, injury and prevention of RLN were discussed. Of all the cases, 293 RLNs (242 cases) were anatomically exposed. Results The temporary injury rates of RLN was 1.65% (4/242) in the exposed group and 8.23% (7/85) in the unexposed group with a persistent injury rate of 2.35%(2/85). The differences of temporary injury rates and persistent injury rates between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). 67.23% (197/293) of the RLNs had two branches before entering larynx, 61.09%(179/293) of RLNs were posterior to the inferior thyroid artery and 31.39% (92/293) anterior to the inferior thyroid artery, 4.09% (12/293) passed through the bifurcation of inferior thyroid artery, and 4. 13% (10/293) were not related to the inferior thyroid artery. The incidence of non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (inferior laryngeal nerve) was 0.68% (2/293). Conclusions The anatomic relation of RLN is relatively complicated along its journey. The injury of RLN could be reduced with designed exposal during the thyroid surgery.

Objective To identify a unique protein as a novel genetic marker for rapid molecular typing of Mycobacteriutn tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains by comparing the proteome of Beijing genotype strains with non-Beijing strains.Methods Fifty-six clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuber- culosis were analyzed by spoligotyping to determine genotypes.The two-dimensional electrophoresis (2 DE)was used to compare the global protein patterns between Beijing genotype strains and non Bei jing strains.Differential expressed proteins were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ioniza tion lime of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).The data obtained from peptide mass fingerprinting were compared in protein database.The genes encoding differential expressed proteins and their upstream were sequenced.Results Forty nine of the 56 isolates were Beijing genotype strains and 7 isolates were non-Beijing strains.A unique protein Rv0927c was identified,which is absent in Beijing genotype strains compared with 7 non Beijing strains and H37Rv.There were two characteristic mutations in Beijing genotype strains,a deletion of AGC at nucleotide position 421 of Rv0927c and a 127 G→A muta- tion in the upstream of Rv0927c.but not in non Beijing strains and H37Rv.Conclusion Characteris tic mutations of Rv0927c in Beijing genotype strains can be used as a novel genetic marker for rapid molecular typing of Mycobacteriuln tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains and non Beijing strains.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability of immune-related response criteria (irRC) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSTotally 97 stage III a-IV NSCLC patients were predominantly treated with comprehensive CM. Curative effects were evaluated by three methods such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), Oncologic Curative Effect Evaluation Criteria of Chinese Medicine in Solid Tumor (draft, abbreviated as CM criteria), and irRC. The correspondency and consistency between irRC, RECIST and CM criteria were analyzed and compared. The objectivity of irRC in evaluating curative effect of Chinese medical treatment for NSCLC was assessed.

RESULTSThe correspondency rate of irRC to RECIST was 59. 79% with Kappa value of 0. 379 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had certain correspondence, but with an unsatisfactory consistency. The correspondency rate of irRC to CM criteria rate was 83. 51% with Kappa value of 0.751 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had good correspondence and consistency.

CONCLUSIONSCM criteria had good consistency with CM criteria in evaluating curative effect for Chinese medical treatment of advanced NSCLC. Its results could objectively reflect features and advantages of CM for treating advanced NSCLC.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To summarize our experience on perioperative anesthesia management of patients with crush syndrome caused by earthquake under field condition.Methods:The clinical anesthesia data of 10 patients with crush syndrome caused by China Wenchuan earthquake,who were treated under field condition,were retrospectively analyzed,and our experience on perioperative anesthesia management was summarized.Results:After volume therapy,urine alkalization,and stabilization of internal environment,the 10 patients underwent dehridement,decompression by fasciotomy or amputation under epidural anesthesia or brachial plexus block plus psychological therapy and moderate tranquillizer.During the operation,the patients showed smooth respiratory and cardiovascular characteristics without pain.Conclusion:Under field condition,regional anesthesia can provide adequate analgesic effect during and after the surgery.Early fluid resuscitation and life support are vital to the safety and life of patients.

To study the application characteristics of copovidone (PVP-S630) in Xinyueshu extracts during the spray drying process, and its effect on such pharmaceutical properties as micromeritics and drug release behavior. PVP-S630 was added into Xinyueshu extracts to study on the spray drying, the effect of different dosages of PVP-S630 against the wall sticking effect of the spray drying, as well as the power property of Xinyueshu spray drying power and the dissolution in vitro behavior of the effective component of hyperoside. The results showed that PVP-S630 revealed a significant anti-wall sticking effect, with no notable change in the grain size of the spray drying power, increase in the fluidity, improvement in the moisture absorption and remarkable rise in the dissolution in vitro behavior of hyperoside. It was worth further studying the application of PVP-S630 in spray drying power of traditional Chinese medicine.
Absorption ; Desiccation ; methods ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Powders ; Pyrrolidines ; chemistry ; Vinyl Compounds ; chemistry ; Wettability

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of nitric oxide synthase III (NOS III) mRNA in the heart, aorta, kidney and liver of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

METHODSTwo hundred and ninety-four total RNA samples were obtained from the tissues of ventricle, aortic smooth muscle, kidney and liver of SHR and normotensive rats (Wistar-Kyoto rats, WKY). RNA array was used to determine the mRNA levels of NOS III of the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with WKY, the systolic blood pressure increased significantly in SHR at 6-week-old, 8-week-old, 10-week-old and 12-week-old [(158.50 +/-7.69 vs 108.67 +/-5.89) mmHg, (174.33 +/-4.46 vs 128.50 +/-4.97) mmHg, (198.00 +/-13.45 vs 142.00 +/-3.58) mmHg, (216.67 +/-8.91 vs 141.17 +/-4.92) mmHg, P<0.01], and the ventricle/body weight ratio was significant higher at 10-week-old and 12-week-old [(4.08 +/-0.17 vs 3.59 +/-0.11, 4.05 +/-0.18 vs 3.40 +/-0.19)mg/g, P<0.01]. In the heart tissue and the kidney, the mRNA levels of NOS III were significantly increased at 6-week-old, 8-week-old, 10-week-old and 12-week-old (1.12 +/-0.18 vs 0.90 +/- 0.15, 1.46 +/- 0.34 vs 1.06 +/-0.18, 1.66 +/- 0.31 vs 1.21 +/- 0.30, 1.98 +/- 0.40 vs 1.31 +/-0.38, P <0.05) and at 4-week-old, 6-week-old, 8-week-old, 10-week-old and 12-week-old (1.10 +/- 0.21 vs 0.81 +/-0.11, 1.28 +/-0.18 vs 0.95 +/-0.13,1.31 +/-0.23 vs 0.99 +/-0.23, 1.70 +/-0.30 vs 1.08 +/-0.25, 1.83 +/-0.33 vs 1.15 +/-0.20, P<0.05 or P<0.01), respectively. There was no significant difference of the NOS III expression in the liver and no significant signals were detected in the aortic smooth muscle.

CONCLUSIONThe results provide the evidence of the increased expression of NOS III in different tissues in SHR and suggests the progressive nature of essential hypertension.

Animals ; Hypertension ; enzymology ; genetics ; Kidney ; enzymology ; Liver ; enzymology ; Male ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects between suspine rotation and flexion manipulation for treating lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to January 2011, 134 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated, including 74 males and 60 females,ranging in age from 17 to 67 years,33 patients with age over 50 years old. According to diagnosis the ladder of the 9 cases bulging type, 74 hernia type, 51 cases free type. The patients were randomly divided into treatment group ( 69 cases) and control group (65 cases). All the patients were treated with the three-dimensional computer-controlled traction therapeutic apparatus,with continued traction for 20 minutes. After traction, flexion manipulation and rotat-ing manipulation were respectively adopted in treatment group and control group (on alternate days one time, 3 times as a course of treatment). The symptoms and signs (including back pain and discomfort, lower limb pain and numbness, powerless urination and defecation,numbness in perineum, straight-leg raising degree,ability of lower extremity walking,work and live) of patients were observed after treatment.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 0.5 to 6 months with an average of 1.1 months. After treatment, the symptoms and signs of patients have significantly improved (P < 0.01), but the symptomes of powerless urination and defecation,numbness in perineum was not improved obviously (P>0.05). Forty-two of 69 patients in treatment group got excellent result, moderate in 20, poor in 7; Twenty of 65 patients in control group got excellent result, moderate in 25,poor in 20.

CONCLUSIONThe whole effect of lumbar backwards rotation manipulation is more satisfactory than flexsion manipulation for treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. But spinning force and times should be noticed.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Rotation ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features, cranial MRI and treatment of toxic encephalopathy induced by 1, 2-dichloroethane (1, 2-DCE).

METHODSThe clinical, MRI features and treatment of 5 patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by 1,2-DCE were observed and analyzed.

RESULTSFive patients all presented with subacute onset with a history of direct exposure to 1,2-DCE. Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressures were all increased in 5 patients. All 5 patients had obvious intracranial hypertension. Liver and kidney function had no obvious abnormalities; Cranial MRI showed T1WI low signal and T2WI high signal in bilateral hemispheric white matter, cerebellar dentate nucleus and globus pallidus. After the treatment of dehydrating agent, glucocorticoid and supportive treatment, four patients were clearly improved, and one patient had cerebral hernia formation.

CONCLUSIONThe main neurological clinical features in patients with 1,2-DEC poisoning is obvious intracranial hypertension. The prognosis is usually good with early and long term use of glucocorticoids and dehydrating agent in poisoning patients.

Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Young Adult