To observe the preventive effect of polydatin on diabetic myocardial hypertrophy in mice and discuss its and mechanism. The diabetic model was induced with low dose STZ (40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) x 5 d, ip) for five days in mice. The myocardial hypertrophy was determined by hypertrophy indexes (LVHI, left ventricular/right ventricle and septum), left ventricular/body weight (LV/BW), the histological examination and the mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic factor(ANF). The fast blood glucose(FBG), serum insulin and plasma hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c) levels were detected, and then HOMA insulin resistance index ( HOMA. IR) was calculated. The mRNA and protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. According to the results, the FBG of the model group exceeded 11.1 mmol x L(-1), with notable decrease in BW and significant increase in insulin, HbA1c and HOME. IR, suggesting the successful establishment and stability of the diabetic model. The increases in LVHI, LV/BW, cell surface and ANF mRNA indicated a myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic mice. Meanwhile, the model group showed decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of PPARβ and significant increase in NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS expressions. After the preventation with PD (50, 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), diabetic mice showed increase in BW, reduction in the levels of FBG, insulin and HbA1 c, relief in insulin resistance and significant recovery in hypertrophy indexes, indicating PD has the protective effect in diabetic myocardial hypertrophy. Meanwhile, PD up-regulated the expression of PPARβ, inhibited the expressions of NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS, demonstrating that PD's protective effect may be related to the activation of PPARβ and the inhibition of NF-κB, COX-2 and iNOS signaling pathways.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage

Objective:To assess effect of detection of plasma N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and serum cystatin C (Cys C) combined Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score on heart func‐tion and prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) .Methods :According to GRACE score ,a total of 136 ACS patients were divided into low risk group (n=29) ,intermediate risk group (n=39) and high risk group (n=68) .Serum Cys C level and plasma NT‐proBNP level were measured in all groups .Incidence rate of major ad‐verse cardiovascular events (MACE) within three and six months was counted .Results:Among ACS patients ,com‐pared with low risk group ,there were significant rise in levels of NT‐proBNP [ (165.80 ± 51.62) ng/L vs .(193.13 ± 74.64) ng/L vs .(985.45 ± 152.69) ng/L] and Cys C [ (0.83 ± 0.38) mg/L vs .(0.9 ± 0.25) mg/L vs .(1.23 ± 0.23) mg/L] ,left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter [six months: (50 ± 3) mm vs .(55 ± 3) mm vs .(59 ± 5) mm] ,significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF ,six months: (55 ± 7)% vs .(49 ± 5)% vs . (40 ± 7)% ] ,and significant rise in incidence rate of MACE (six months:2.94% vs .9.55% vs .30.88% ) ,and a‐bove indexes in high risk group were significantly higher than those of intermediate risk group except LVEF signifi‐cantly reduced , P<0.05 or <0.01 ;Pearson correlation analysis indicated that NT‐proBNP and Cys C levels were positively correlated with GRACE score (r=0.72 , P<0.05 ; r=0.65 , P<0.05) respectively .Conclusion:NT‐proBNP and Cys C level detection combined GRACE score could exactly response heart function and prognosis .

Objective To investigate the effects of MEK1 specific inhibitor PD98059 on oxaliplatin-treated colorectal cancer cells and the potential mechanism. Methods Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay after transfecting MEK1 active plasmid into LoVo cells. LoVo cells were treated with oxaliplatin or PD98059, and the proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. PUMA expression and ERK activity were determined by Western blot. Apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst 33258 dye after PUMA expression was suppressed. Results Increasing activity of ERK enhanced the proliferation of LoVo cells. The activity of ERK was suppressed by oxaliplatin. PD98059 and oxaliplatin decreased the proliferation rate of LoVo cells synergistically. PUMA expression increased after PD98059 and oxaliplatin treatment. The suppression of PUMA expression by stably transfecting PUMA anti-sense vector decreased apoptosis induced by oxaliplatin and PD98059. Conclusion PD98059 enhances the effects of oxaliplatin on colorectal cancer cells mediated by PUMA expression.

Objective To explore the myogenic basis of the increased excitability and contractile activity in detrusor instability (DI) and investigate the differences of spontaneous contractions by ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels regulation in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) between DI and normal bladder muscle and of the RyR channels protein expression. Methods DI model was confirmed by filling cystometry from rats that underwent partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) about 8 weeks ago. Muscle strips were dissected from fresh bladder under microscope and the isometric tension in DI and normal strips were detected. The contractions were recorded in these strips exposed to some agents. SR microsome protein was obtained from DI and normal bladder muscle preparations and was used for Western blot analysis to determinate RyR channels expression. Results Treated with RyR channels blocker ryanodine , the contractile frequence significantly increased in normal strips, but not in DI muscle. Western blot analysis showed that RyR channels expression in DI muscle was significantly less than that in normal preparations. Conclusion RyR channels act a negative role in spontaneous contractile activity and the presumed mechanism may involve in Ca 2+ release of RyR channels which causes activation of Ca 2+ -dependent K + channels to decrease contractility. But this crosstalk mechanism is weaken in DI muscle, which provides a chance for spontaneous contractile overactivity.

Objective To investigate the clinical biomarkers of acute lung injury(ALI) after the Stanford A aortic dissection.Methods Thirty patients underwent Stanford A aoatic dissection were selected as subjects,who hospitalized from January 2006 to March 2013.Of which,21 patients underwent total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk procedure and 9 patients underwent triple-branched stent graft placement.The general information of patients,preoperation echocardiogram data,and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO2) were recorded before,after the operation and entering ICU.Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2),oxygenation index (OI) were calculated.Results A-aDO2 and OI at preoperation,postoperative and entering ICU point were (112.47 ±41.06) mmHg,(136.13 ± 29.51) mmHg and (141.37 ± 25.94) mmHg; (535.23 ± 70.15) mmHg; (491.50 ± 73.12) mmHg and (387.33 ± 91.32) mmHg respectively,and the differences were significant (F=35.926,323.742;P =0.000).The levels of A-aDO2 and OI at entering ICU were significant different from that of pre-operation and post-operation (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early postoperative oxygenation and switching functions of patients with Stanford A aortic dissection are subject to damage to some degree.The A-aDO2 and OI might be sensitive biomarkers of the diagnosis for early acute lung injury of aortic dissection patients.

Objective The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is a coronary artery disease with a benign course,but its pathological mechanisms are not yet fully understood.The purpose of this controlled study was to investigate the cellular content of blood in patients diagnosed with CSFP and the relationship of this with coronary flow rates.Methods Coronary angiographies of 3368 patients were selected to assess thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) values.Seventy eight of them had CSFP,and their demographic and laboratory findings were compared with 61 patients with normal coronary flow.Results Patients'demographic characteristics were similar in both two groups.Mean corrected TFC (cTFC) values were significantly elevated in CSFP patients (P ＜ 0.001).Furthermore,hematocrit and hemoglobin values,and eosinophil and basophil counts of the CSFP patients were significantly elevated compared with the values obtained in the control group (P =0.005,P =0.047,P =0.001 and P =0.002).The increase observed in hematocrit and eosinophil levels showed significant correlations with increased TFC values (r =0.288 and r =0.217).Conclusion Significant changes have been observed in the cellular composition of blood in patients diagnosed with CSFP as compared to the patients with normal coronary blood flow.The increases inhematocrit levels and in the eosinophil and basophil counts may have direct or indirect effects on the rate of coronary blood flow.

ObjectiveTo detect the changes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with high resolution endoscopy,and to explore its diagnostic value for nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). Methods From April 2007 to January 2008, consecutive out-patients visiting the Department of Gastroenterology due to continuous or recurrent symptoms of acid reflux, heartburn, cardiac-like chest pain for at least three months and volunteer healthy controls were recruited to the study. The subjects were classified into the normal group ( n =48 ), the NERD group ( n =70), the erosive esophagitis (EE) group ( n =70), and the Barrett esophagus (BE) group ( n =48). All subjects underwent endoscopy, and the shape of Z-lines, the shape of mucosal pits, mucosa roughness above Z-line and the shape of mucosal blood vessels were observed. The NERD changes were analyzed with optimal scale. ResultsZ-line shape of NERD group showed a significant difference from that of EE and BE groups ( P ＜ 0. 01 ), which was not different from that of normal controls ( P ＞0. 01 ). The shape of mucosal pits of NERD group was different from that of EE and BE (P ＜0. 01 ), which also was not different from that of control (P＞0. 01 ). Roughness of the mucosa above Z-line of NERD group was different from other 3 groups (P ＜0. 05). And the shape of mucosal blood vessels of NERD was different from the control (P＜0. 05), but was not from two others. Features of NERD relative images were thin,straight and spiral blood vessels, bar-like pits, plat mucosa, round, smooth and wide tooth-like Z-line and mucosa of white particle hypertrophy. ConclusionHigh resolution endoscopic features of most NERD patients are cloudy, white and rough mucosal surface, with white particular hypertrophy, spiral vascular dilation, extending to Z-line. These features can be indicators of NERD.

Objective: To evaluate diagnostic value of three noninvasive examinations for coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 500 subjects, who were suspected of CHD, first received diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG) and hospitalized in our department from May 2014 to May 2015, were selected.According to CAG results, they were divided into non-CHD control group (n=106), single vessel coronary disease group (n=199), double-vessel coronary disease group (n=95) and multi-vessel coronary disease group (n=100, ≥three vessel disease).Besides CAG, all subjects accomplished one of following examinations at least: (1) 24h dynamic ECG (Holter);(2) real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE);(3) radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (RMPI).Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of these three examinations in diagnosing CHD were evaluated.Results: With CAG as the gold standard, compared with Holter and RT-3DE, there were significant rise in sensitivity(68.4%, 69.0% vs.92.9%), specificity (62.9%, 81.4% vs.88.5%) and accuracy (67.1%, 71.2% vs.91.9%) of RMPI (P<0.01 all), only specificity of RT-3DE was significantly higher than that of Holter, P=0.019.Conclusion:Noninvasive examination can be used as important method diagnosing CHD, which are important measures for noninvasive diagnosing and assessing CHD.Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of RMPI are high, which is worth extending.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in elderly patients (aged≥80 years) with acute ischemic stroke.Methods From July 2014 to February 2016,157 consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction treated with alteplase for intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 h after onset at the Department of Neurology,the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu were collected retrospectively.They were confirmed by head CT or MRI.They were divided into a ≥80-year old group (n=47) and a <80-year old group (n=110) according to the age of onset.The baseline data were documented,including the risk factors for cardiocerebrovascular diseases,National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score,onset to thrombolytic time (3.0-4.5 h),and application of anticoagulant drugs,etc.The adverse reactions of the patients were observed and the safety and efficacy of thrombolysis were evaluated,that is 7 d and 3 months mortality,symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate,and good recovery rates of intravenous thrombolysis at 24 h,1 week,and 3 months.Results (1) Compared with the <80-year old group,the ratio of atrial fibrillation and median age in the ≥80-year old group were higher.There were significant differences between the two groups (59.6% [n=28] vs.32.7% [n=36],83 [81,85] vs.67 [59,75] years old,all P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the remaining baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05).(2) In the subtypes of cerebral infarction etiology,the proportion of cardiogenic embolism in the ≥80-year old group was higher than that in the <80-year old group.There was significant difference between the two groups (59.6% [n=28] vs.32.7% [n=36],P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the other etiological types between the two groups (all P>0.05).(3) There were no significant differences at one week (6.4% [n=3] vs.6.4% [n=7] respectively) and 3 months (12.8% [n=6] vs.9.1% [n=10]) in the mortality rates between the ≥80-year old group and the <80-year old group (all P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the proportions of intracranial hemorrhage (10.6% [n=5] vs.8.2% [n=9]) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (4.3% [n=2] vs.6.4% [n=7]) between the two groups (all P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the good recovery rate at 24 h (38.3% [n=18] vs.45.5% [n=50]) and that at one week (53.2% [n=25] vs.62.7% [n=69];all P>0.05).The long-term (3 months) favorable prognosis rate in the ≥80-year old group was lower than that in the <80-year old group.There was significant difference between the two groups (51.1% [n=24] vs.71.8% [n=79], P<0.05).Conclusion For the onset within 4.5 h (aged≥80 years) in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke,selecting the appropriate cases for intravenous thrombolysis is help to increase safety and early benefit.