Adolescent ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Embryonal ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orchitis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Teratoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Testicular Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; Young Adult

Objective To study the best combination of respiratory parameters that can maintain good ventilation with a low airway pressure under general anesthesia and CO2 pneumoperitoneum (12 mm Hg) during laparoscopy, which is important for lung protections. Methods Basic respiratory parameters of anesthesia machine, respiratory frequency (f), tidal volume (VT), and respiration ratio (I∶E), were used as three factors A, B, and C. The there levels were set as f=15, 12, and 9 bpm; VT =8, 10, and 12 ml/kg body weight; and I∶E =1∶2.5, 1∶2.0, and 1∶1.5. L9(34) K=3 was adopted for repeated orthogonal experimental design. The effect of different combinations of respiratory parameters on peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), mean airway pressure (Pmean),and end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PETCO2), were analyzed statistically. Results During the laparoscopy, the vital signs of 27 patients were stable under general anesthesia with 9 combinations of the respiratory parameters, the SpO2 was maintained at 100%, and the PEEP was kept at 1 hPa. The effect of the three levels of VT (factor B) on PIP was not significant (P=0.074). While the effects of f (factor A) on PETCO2 and I∶E on Pmean were significantly different among the three levels (P=0.002 and P=0.017, respectively). Conclusion The best combination of three factors-levels respiratory parameters is not small tidal volume with fast frequency or large tidal volume with slow frequency, but is A2B2C2 (f=12 bpm, VT=10 ml/kg body weight, and I∶E=1∶2.0).

AIM: To establish an apoptotic model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPP~+) in PC12 cell and assess the effect of Semen Cuscuta extracts on protecting PC12 cell from apoptosis induced by MPP~+. METHODS: The cell viability was analyzed by MTT method,the morphological changes were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining assay,and the apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry analysis(FCM).(RESULTS:) Treatment of 0.15 mM MPP~+ for 48 h induced apoptosis in PC12 cells;concentration of 50 mg/L Semen Cuscuta extracts could protect cells from apoptosis induced by MPP~+. CONCLUSION: MPP~+-induced apoptosis in PC12 cell is greatly inhibited by Semen Cuscuta extracts.

Objective To assess the clinical application values of the protcin markers associated with Down syndrome (DS) in maternal serum which were screened and identified.Methods Seven maternal serum samples with DS fetus ( DS group) and 7 maternal serum samples with normal fetus ( control group) in the second trimester were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE).The differentinal expression profile of proteome in maternal serum from DS group was established.The differentially expressed proteins were screened by mass spectrometry (MS) and some proteins were verified by Western blotting (WB).Results Twenty-nine proteins were discovered to be differentially expressed by more than 1.5 folds in maternal serum from DS group,among which 19 proteins were up-regulated and 10 proteins were downregulated.Eight proteins displayed 2 or more folds changes in maternal serum from DS group were identified by MS and possibly matched with 12 proteins in Ameracan National Center of Biotchnology Information (NCBI) protein sequence database,such as dGTPase and Beta2-Glycoprotein Ⅰ (β2-GPI),etc.The resuhs of WB showed that the mean a values of dGTPase and β2-GPI were 21 567.0 ± 3009.4 and 22 097.0 ±3958.9 in the DS group,3957.7 ± 250.9 and 1799.7 ± 105.5 in the control group respectively,which presented that the expression of dGTPase and β2-GPI significantly increased in DS group (t'dGTPase =- 17.66,t'β2-GPI =- 14.83,P ＜0.0001 ).Conclusions 2-DE and MS are effective methods for preliminary identification of protein markers associated with DS in maternal serum.dGTPase and β2-GPI verified by WB laid a solid fundation for further screening new biologic markers for early diaglosis of DS.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the transmission process of large scale abrupt diarrhea with unknown reason occurred in hospital,analyze the cause of infection outbreak and the characteristics of Norovirus in hospital and to provide evidence to prevent and control the infection in hospital.METHODS Standardized questionnaire was used on individual,looking over the case of illness and the investigation of outbreak scene,the relationship of various contact type and odds of infection.RESULTS Nine cases were occurred,fifty-two cases were contacted,The morbidity was 17.31%.The feature of Norovirus infection was clear.CONCLUSIONS The first source of infection was an input case.The main transmission way is no protecting close contact.The high risk group is inpatients and their relatives.

Objective To investigate the effect of whole-body irradiation with low-dose γ-rays on the central nervous system of mice.Methods Fifty C57 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups and treated with 0,0.5,1 Gy whole-body irradiation,respectively.24 or 48 h after irradiation,brain tissue of mice was resected and homogenated.The levels of amino acid neurotransmitter,including Glu,Asp,GABA and Gly in brain homogenate were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results Compared to the brain tissue of untreated mice,the contents of Glu and Asp at 0.5 and 1 Gy (t=-4.080,-3.935,-4.416,-3.630,-4.831, - 4.656,P ＜0.05) in mice brain tissue significantly increased at 24 h at 1 Gy and 48 h.However,the contents of Glu and Asp had no obvious changes in mice brain tissue 24 h after 1 Gy of irradiation. The contents of GABA and Gly had no difference between irradiated groups and untreated control group. Conclusions Short-term whole-body irradiation with low-dose γ-rays induces slight stimulation effect on the central nervous system of mice.

Objective To establish the weights of risk factors indicators for lower limbs deep vein thrombosis through the scientific research methods.Methods 21 experts were consulted for two rounds of questionnaires survey with Delphi method,according to the experts'opinion,analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weights of indicators in grade one and the experts'evaluation was used to calculate the weights of indicators in grade two.Results The weight coefficients of grade one including vascular endothelial injury,blood high condensation state and slow blood stream were 0.3325,0.5278 and 0.1396 respectively.The items with maximal weights of the 21 indicators in grade two was vascular trauma,in particular vein injury(0.0770).The Kendall's W of the indicators in grade two was 0.422.Conclusions Through qualitative and quantitative research methods,the risk factors indicators which provide the reference for the prevention of lower limbs deep vein thrombosis are scientific and reliable.

Objective To investigate the clinical biomarkers of acute lung injury(ALI) after the Stanford A aortic dissection.Methods Thirty patients underwent Stanford A aoatic dissection were selected as subjects,who hospitalized from January 2006 to March 2013.Of which,21 patients underwent total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk procedure and 9 patients underwent triple-branched stent graft placement.The general information of patients,preoperation echocardiogram data,and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO2) were recorded before,after the operation and entering ICU.Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2),oxygenation index (OI) were calculated.Results A-aDO2 and OI at preoperation,postoperative and entering ICU point were (112.47 ±41.06) mmHg,(136.13 ± 29.51) mmHg and (141.37 ± 25.94) mmHg; (535.23 ± 70.15) mmHg; (491.50 ± 73.12) mmHg and (387.33 ± 91.32) mmHg respectively,and the differences were significant (F=35.926,323.742;P =0.000).The levels of A-aDO2 and OI at entering ICU were significant different from that of pre-operation and post-operation (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early postoperative oxygenation and switching functions of patients with Stanford A aortic dissection are subject to damage to some degree.The A-aDO2 and OI might be sensitive biomarkers of the diagnosis for early acute lung injury of aortic dissection patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of tongue-shaped flap cut into the triceps and triceps both sides of the road approach road into the way of two surgical treatments of supracondylar fractures in children.Methods 90 patients with pediatric supracondylar fractures were chosen.50 cases of tongue-shaped flap to triceps road cut into were set as A group,40 patients taking brachial three muscles on both sides of the first approach were set as the B group.The clinical effects of the two groups were compared.Results The operative time,blood loss,cast immobilization time in B group was superior to group A ( P ＜ 0.05 ),there was statistically different.The pain score improvement in group B was significantly better than group A before and after treatment(P ＜0.05),the difference was statistically significant.After treatment,A group of patients with excellent results was in 22 cases,good in 24 cases,the fine rate was 92％.B group with excellent results was in 23 cases,good was in 16 cases,the good rate was 97.5％.The superior quality of the treatment effect in B group was better than A group( P ＜ 0.05),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion The operative time,blood loss,time cast immobilization,pain improvement,the treatment effects for triceps both sides of the approach for the treatment of supracondylar fractures in children are better than the triceps tongue-shaped flap cut into the road,and there is high clinical value.

Objective To investigate the correlation between plasma cathepsin L (CatL) levels and establishment of cerebral collateral circulation in acute ischemic stroke patients with cerebral artery stenosis.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke with at least one cerebral large artery (including internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery,vertebral artery,and basilar artery) stenosis ＞ 70％ diagnosed by whole cerebral angiography were enrolled.ASITN/SIR blood flow classification system was used to systematically evaluate the establishment of cerebral collateral circulation.Grade 0-2 was defined as poor collateral branch and 3-4 was defined as good collateral branch,Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the plasma CatL level.Results A total of 79 acute ischemic stroke patients with cerebral artery stenosis were enrolled,including 63 male and 16 female.Their mean age was 58.76 ± 12.24 years old.There were 51 patients (64.56％) in the poor collateral branch group and 28 (35.44％) in the good collateral branch group.There was no significant difference in plasma CatL levels between the good collateral circulation group and the poor collateral circulation group (7.09± 2.27 mg/L vs.8.79±3.53 mg/L;t =2.751,P =0.069).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that only the high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was the independent risk factor for poor collateral circulation (odds ratio 0.935,95％ confidence interval 0.823-0.963;P=0.046),and there was no significant independent correlation between plasma CatL levels and collateral circulation (odds ratio 0.910,95％ confidence interval 0.766-1.081;P =0.285).Conclusion There was no significant correlation between plasma CatL levels and cerebral collateral development in acute ischemic stroke patients with cerebral artery stenosis.