Objective To discuss the influence of Saccharomyces boulardii on serum apolipoprotein levels in liver cirrhosis patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).Methods 74 liver cirrhosis patients with SBP were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group.Patients in the two groups were given routine medical treatment such as liver protection and diuretic effect,correction of hypoproteinemia,anti-infection etc.Patients in the observation group were orally given Saccharomyces boulardii 0.5g for one time,two times daily for 4 weeks.The changes of serum apolipoprotein A1 and B levels in two groups were observed and compared,and the curative effect and safety were also observed.Results After treatment for 4 weeks,the serum apolipoprotein A1 and B levelsintwogroupswereobviouslyincreasedcomparedwithbeforetreatment (t =2.46,2.3 7,3.04,2.87,P ＜ 0.05or P ＜0.01),and the increase of observation group was much higher than that of control group(t =2.29,2.23,all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the total effective rate of the observation group (91.89％) was significantly higher than that of control group (72.97 ％) (x2 =4.57,P ＜ 0.05).3 cases and 5 cases of adverse reactions appeared in control group and observation group,the symptom was light and no serious drug adverse reaction(DAR) observed.The incidence rate of DAR between the two groups had no obviously statistical difference (x2 =0.14,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Saccharomyces boulardii has reliable curative effect and high security in the treatment of liver cirrhosis patients with SBP,the mechanism may be related with increasing the synthesis of apolipoprotein A1 and B in the liver and intestine,and increasing serum levels of apolipoprotein A1 and B.

Objective To explore the correlation between post-transplant glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 1 year and long-term graft survival in renal transplant patients.Methods The clinical data of 334 patients who received their cadaveric kidney transplantations between November 1994 and October 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the GFR at one year after transplant operation, normal GFR group was defined as GFR more than or equal to 1.083 ml/s, while patients whose GFR less than 1.083 ml/s were fallen into abnormal GFR group.Cockeroft-Gault (C-G) formula was used to compare the difference in the renal function between the two groups.Kaplan-Meier assay was used to compare the difference in the allograft survival between the two groups in the functional renal allograft or the non-functional renal allograft.The correlativity of GFR level at the first year and the GFR level at the 5th year was analyzed.Results The GFR level at the first year after transplantation was proportional to the graft survival time of the kidney.Five and ten years after transplantation, the renal transplantation long-term survival rate in the normal renal function groups was significantly higher than in the abnormal renal function groups (P＜0.05).As compared with the GFR level at the first year after transplantation, the changes in amplitude of GFR level at the 5th year after transplantation was (0.080 ±0.248) ml/s, and the descent had a positive correlation with GFR level at the 5th year after transplantatioa Conclusion GFR level at the first year after transplantation predicts long-term renal functioa The higher of GFR level at the first year, the higher of GFR level at the 5th year.

Objective To retrospectively analyze pulmonary function changes after growing rod surgery for progressive early-onset scoliosis.Methods Ten cases of progressive early-onset scoliosis treated with growing rod technique from September 2002 to July 2011 were enrolled in the study.There were 3males and 7 females,aged from 6 to 9 years (average,7.0±1.1 years).Four patients had finished the final fusion surgery (Group fusion),and 6 patients (Group non-fusion) were in the process of periodic lengthening.Forced vital capacity (FVC),FVC/predicted FVC ratio,forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),FEV1/predicted FEV1 ratio,Cobb’s angle,and C7-S1 distance before each surgery were recorded.Lung function changes and correlations between lung function changes and radiographic changes (Cobb’s angle and C7-S1 distance) were analyzed.Results In Group fusion,both FVC and FEV1 increased,and FVC showed a significant difference.In Group non-fusion,FVC and FEV1 also increased and both showed a significant difference.FVC/predicted FVC ratio and FEV1/predicted FEV1 ratio both changed similarly and did not show statistical differences in the two groups.There were no significant correlations between lung function changes and radiographic changes (Cobb’s angle and C7-S1 distance).Conclusion Pulmonary function improves after growing rod surgery for progressive early-onset scoliosis.The pulmonary function changes do not correlate with changes of Cobb’s angle and C7-S1 distance.

Objective To observe the clinical manifestation and the mode of RET proto-oncogene mutation in a pedigree of mutiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A). Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes in 18 family members including 3 patients, then PCR was performed to amplify seven exons of the RET proto-oncogene, i. e. exon 8,10,11,13-16. The PCR products were directly sequenced to identify the RET mutation and then sequenced after subcloning to identify their heterozygosity. Results The male proband suffered from pheochromocytoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma since the age of 30; while his sibling sister was ill with pheochromocytoma, and his brother with medullary thyroid carcinoma. A novel heterozygous mutation, 1893-1895delCGA, was detected in exon 11 of the RET proto-oncogene in the 3 patients and the other 2 family members. Conclusion A novel heterozygous mutation of RET proto-oncogene, 1893-1895delCGA, seems to be the disease-causing mutation in the studied MEN2A family.

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of percutaneous antegrade stenting in the treatment of ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 11patients with renal graft ureteral obstruction (2 cases of acute obstruction and 9 cases of chronic obstruction) from March 2009 to March 2011.The etiology of the obstruction was renal graft-ureter-bladder anastomotic stricture in 5 cases,stone obstruction in 2 cases,and undetermined in 4 cases.Renal graft and collecting system were examined by ultrasonography preoperatively to select suitable puncture position,and then ureteropyelography was performed under X-ray guidance.When the obstruction location was clear,the urology guidewire was implanted to the bladder by needle,and then guidewire was released by cystoscopy.Ureteral stent was implanted along the guidewire,and upper ureteral stents was observed under X-ray. After removal of guidewire,the stent location was confirmed once again.The renal pelvis fistula drainage lasted for 1-2 weeks,and ureteral stent to 6 months to one year.Ultrasound and renal function were tested after 1week,1month,3 months and 6 months,and then every six months.ResultsOperation was done successfully in 10 patients,and failed in one case due to a long segment of ureteral stenosis.The operating time of ureteral stent implantation was 54±27 min.Serum creatinine of patients was reduced from preoperative 326±147 to postoperative 89±49 μmol/L.During a follow-up period of 6 to 27 months,no complications occurred.ConclusionPercutaneous antegrade stenting in the treatment of ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin after lumbar decompressive surgery.Methods Between January 2004 and April 2011,patients who had undergone lumbar decompressive surgery and had high or very high risk of venous thrombosis were selected.All patients received subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (Fraxiparine),starting at 6 hours after surgery with a half dose and subsequently once every 24 hours with full dose until discharge.When 24-hour drainage volume was less than 50 ml,the drainage tube was removed 2 hours prior to low molecular weight heparin administration.The occurrences of deep venous thrombosis (DVT),pulmonary embolism (PE),bleeding complications and side effects were recorded.Results Seventy eight patients were enrolled in the study.The average time of drug use was 8.5 days.No symptomatic DVT,PE and major bleeding events occurred.Drainage tube was placed in all patients except 3 patients with lumbar disc herniation.The mean total drainage volume was (319.5±218.5) ml,and the average time from operation to removal of drainage tube was (43.2±14.4) hours.Incision site ecchymosis occurred in 1 patient,incision bleeding in 1 patient,mild elevation in hepatic aminotransferase levels in 4 patients,and mild anaphylaxis in 1 patient.Conclusion It is effective and safe to prevent VTE with low molecular weight heparin for patients with high or very high risk of venous thrombosis after lumbar decompressive surgery.

AIM To observe the effects of Niaogan Decoction (Portulacae Herba,Taraxaci Herba) on expulsion of uropathogenic Escheriehia coli (UPEC) from human bladder epithelial cells and to explore its mechanism.METHODS After HTB-9 was infected with UPEC,drug urine exocytosed the UPEC invaded into urinary bladder epithelial cell were observed.With molecular biology technology,the mechanism of key factors to TLR4/cAMP signal pathway such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4),adeuylate cyclase 3 (AC3),cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP),protien kinase A (PKA),Myosin Ⅶ A and Rab interacting protein (MyRIP),Rab27b and Caveolin-1 were analyzed.RESULTS Treatment with Niaogan Decoction resulted in a significant increase in UPEC exocytosis compared with the blank control high dose group.Niaogan Decoction group improved TLR4,AC3,MyRIP,Rab27b and Caveolin-1 protein expression,increased intracellular cAMP content and promoted PKA activation.CONCLUSION Niaogan Decoction has the capacity to exocytose UPEC,its mechanism may relate to TLR 4/cAMP signal pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the renal function in 149 patients receiving myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from June 2005 to June 2010 in our hospital, and analyze the risk factors resulting in kidney insufficiency and experience in diagnose and therapy. The creatinine clearance (CrCL) and serial creatinine level were evaluated before and after allo-HSCT within 100 days and 1 year. Non-radiation conditioning regimens were used for any patients. The acute kidney insufficiency (AKI) was defined as at least a 1.5-fold rise in serum creatinine level after allo-HSCT within the first 100 days. The chronic kidney insufficiency (CKI) was defined as the creatinine clearance < basal level within 3 months to 1 year after allo-HSCT. The results showed that the kidney insufficiency was found in 41 patients, in which the incidence of AKI was 32/149 (21.5%). CsA, amphotericin B (P = 0.025) and ES (P = 0.022) were defined as risk factors for AKI. The incidence of CKI was 18/138 (13%). cGVHD (P = 0.013) and TA-TMA (P = 0.012) were associated with the development of CKI. The 2-year survival was lower in patients with kidney dysfunction than that in patients without kidney dysfunction (39% vs 74.1%, P < 0.001). The main factors resulting in kidney insufficiency were defined as infection (52%), GVHD (20%), TA-TMA (12%) and tumor relapse (12%). It is concluded that kidney insufficiency is an important complication of allo-HSCT. Careful monitoring kidney function, minimizing the use of amphotericin B, prophylaxis and effective treatment of fungal infection, GVHD and TA-TMA may be effective preventive measures to decrease the incidence of kidney insufficiency.
Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the influence of metastasis suppressor gene KAI1 on the proliferation,invasion and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma cell line AN3CA and HEC-1-B.Methods:The KAI1 cDNA was transfected into human endometrial carcinoma cells AN3CA and HEC-1-B via Lipofectamine 2000.The expression of KAI1 protein was ex- amined by Western blotting and flow cytometry before and after transfection.The proliferation ability of AN3CA and HEC- 1-B cells was observed by MTT assay and anchorage-independent growth assay.The changes of cell invasive ability were studied by transwell assays.Results:Stable expression of KAI1 protein was observed in AN3CA and HEC-1-B cells and on their surface after transfection with pcDNA3-KAI1 plasmid.Cells transfected with blank plasmid formed more colonies and had a larger size,with the colony forming rates being(54.2?3.1)% for AN3CA cells and(52.7?4.3)% for HEC- 1- B cells;the doubling time of AN3CA and HEC-1-B cells were 21.3 h and 20.1 h,respectively.Cells transfected with pcDNA3-KAI1 formed less colonies and had a smaller size,with the colony forming rates being(37.4?5.1)% for AN3CA cells and(32.1?3.7)% for HEC-1-B cells;the doubling time of AN3CA and HEC-1-B cells were 43.7h and 45.2 h,respectively.The cell proliferation abilities and colony-forming ability were significantly different between the two groups(P

Illegally paid blood donation was a risk factor for HIV acquisition exclusively in Henan and Hubei Provinces of China, and not in Shanghai. Nucleotide sequences in the gag and env genes of HIV-1 were compared between isolates from Henan and Shanghai regions of China to test whether an expected higher degree of a common source of infections from this unique blood donation transmission risk would be evident as decreased variation among Henan isolates in an exploratory cross-sectional analysis. Among 38 isolates studied, 23 of 23 (100%) from Henan and 8 of 15 (54%) from Shanghai were subtype B. In addition, fewer sequence differences were found in gp41 of subtype B isolates from Henan than from Shanghai isolates. Further studies with additional controls are therefore warranted to confirm the role of the degree of a common source of infections in differences in HIV variation across populations.