Characteristics in pulse wave signals (PWSs) include the information of physiology and pathology of human cardiovascular system. Therefore, identification of characteristic points in PWSs plays a significant role in analyzing human cardiovascular system. Particularly, the characteristic points show personal dependent features and are easy to be affected. Acquiring a signal with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and integrity is fundamentally important to precisely identify the characteristic points. Based on the mathematical morphology theory, we design a combined filter, which can effectively suppress the baseline drift and remove the high-frequency noise simultaneously, to preprocess the PWSs. Furthermore, the characteristic points of the preprocessed signal are extracted according to its position relations with the zero-crossing points of wavelet coefficients of the signal. In addition, the differential method is adopted to calibrate the position offset of characteristic points caused by the wavelet transform. We investigated four typical PWSs reconstructed by three Gaussian functions with tunable parameters. The numerical results suggested that the proposed method could identify the characteristic points of PWSs accurately.
Algorithms ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Normal Distribution ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; methods ; Wavelet Analysis

Bioreactor is a key equipment in bioengineering.The bioprocessing efficiency using bioreactors is significantly affected by the reactor configuration.It is apparent that research on the bioreactor structure is one of key issues in bioengineering.Along with industrialization of penicillin mechanically stirred bioreactor was developed,after that large quantity of bioreactors was invented for the sake of the development of mammal and plant cell cultivation,epiphyte cultivation and algae cultivation.Among these bioreactors mechanical stirred bioreactors and airlift bioreactors are very popular.Recent trends of studies on mechanically stirred bioreactors and airlift ones were reviewed.The focus is on the summarization and analysis of 11 kinds of novel bioreactors developed around the world.

Objective To investigate the effects of kui-yang-fang on trefoil factor 1 ( TFF1 ) , epidermal growth fac-tor ( EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor( EGFR) in acetic acid induced gastric ulcers of rats. Methods50 rats were randomly divided into five groups. The rats of the gastric ulcer model were used by the icy acetic acid. After drug treatment for 14 days,the rats gastric mucosa was collected to compare to the ulcer index,then check the content of TFF1,EGF and EGFR with RT-PCR,and observe TFF1,EGFR with immunohistochemical staining. Re-sults Compared to the control,the levels of TFF1 and EGF in model group decreased, and the difference was not statistically significant. The EGFR level of model group was higher than that of normal group with no statistically significant difference. But the increase of kui-yang-fang groups and ranitidine group was more obvious,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared to the model group,kui-yang-fang and ranitidine groups signifi-cantly elevated the level of TFF1,EGF and EFR in gastric ulcer,the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01 ) . Immunohistochemical staining showed that TFF1 and EGFR expression in kui-yang-fang and ranitidine groups were significantly increased,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), but the increase of kui-yang-fang of high-dose group was more obvious. Conclusion One of the possible mechanism is kui-yang-fang pro-motes expression of TFF1,EGF and EGFR to protect and repair gastric tissue.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety of oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) in the treatment of early breast cancer. Methods:The clinicopathological data of breast cancer patients who were treated with OBCS (67 cases) and standard breast-conserving surgery (SBCS;117 cases) in Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Postop-erative complication, specimen weight, margins, and surgery re-excision rate between the two groups were compared. Results:Sero-ma (14.9%versus 48.7%, P<0.001), hematoma (4.5%versus 14.5%, P=0.035), and poor wound healing (3.0%versus 11.9%, P=0.036) were more common in the SBCS group than in the OBCS group. The patient satisfaction in the OBCS group was statistically higher than in the SBCS group (P<0.05). Compared with standard surgery, oncoplastic techniques can be employed for significantly larger tumors (25.04 mm versus 21.14 mm, P<0.001). OBCS resulted in higher mean specimen weights (92.24 g versus 57.44 g, P<0.001), wider clear nearest margins (12.04 mm versus 9.58 mm, P<0.001), and wider furthest margins (24.16 mm versus 15.24 mm, P<0.001). No statisti-cal increase was observed in further surgery re-excision of margins. Conclusion:OBCS is more successful than standard wide local exci-sion in treating larger tumors and obtaining wider radial margins. Oncoplastic approach showed no increase in postoperative complica-tion rate. The postoperative complication was excellent. OBCS is a safe and effective procedure for early breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)genotype 6 in Guangxi area.Methods Serum samples were collected from 150 patients with serologic HCV RNA positive in Guangxi, China. Reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)was employed to amplify HCV NS5B fragments and the DNA products were sequenced.The sequences obtained were compared with the sequences deposited in GenBank to construct a phylogenetic tree.Among the patients who accomplished 48-week treatment of interferon plus ribavirin and 24-week follow-up after stopping medication,10 cases were infected with genotype 6a and 28 cases with genotype 1 HCV.The virological responses were evaluated at week 4,week 12,week 24 of treatment and week 24 after the end of the treatment.Results Among all recruited 150 cases,21 (14.0%)cases were HCV genotype 6 including two subtypes 6a (n = 20 )and 6d (n = 1 ). Genotype 6 HCV mainly affected intravenous drug users, especially with age of ≤ 40 years old. Phylogenetic tree showed that there was very close evolutionary distance between HCV 6 strains of Guangxi and Hongkong,China strains (Y12083,DQ 480515)and Vietnam strain (EU246930).All of 10 HCV genotype 6a patients who completed 48 weeks of antiviral therapy achieved sustained virological response (SVR).The rate of SVR was higher than that of genotype 1 patients,but without statistically different significance (10/10 vs 75 .0%,P >0.05).Conclusion HCV genotype 6 in Guangxi area mainly affects young intravenous drug users with age of ≤ 40 years old,which has high homology with Hongkong,China and Vietnam standard strains.Patients with HCV 6 genotype infection treated with interferon plus ribavirin for 48 weeks usually achieve favorable SVR.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Materia Medica

The current treatments of metastatic malignant melanoma include chemotherapy,targeted therapy,immune therapy and radiation therapy,but the treatment outcome is far from optimism.In order to im-prove the treatment efficiency,it is urgent to improve early diagnosis,and develop more effective treatment drugs and delivery systems.The application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and therapy of melanoma can re-duce the resistance to the drugs,increase efficacy and reduce side effects.

OBJECTIVE:To compare anesthesia effects of 3 anesthesia methods,to investigate anesthesia improvement method for bronch fiber oscope. METHODS:315 patients undergoing bronch fiber oscope were randomly divided into group A(106 cas-es),group B(104 cases)and group C(105 cases). Group A was treated with traditional bronch fiber oscope lidocaine atomization local anesthesia,group B was treated with modified bronch fiber oscope pethidine combined with lidocaine atomization local anes-thesia and group C was treated with three-limb tube connected with laryngeal mask and target-controlled propofol and remifentanil general anesthesia. SaO2,SBP,DBP,heart rate,breathing rate,excellent anesthesia rate,compliance rate,the rate of bodymove-ment and choking,pain recalling rate were compared among 3 groups before and during examination,and ADR was observed. RE-SULTS:Compared with before examination,SaO2 of group A was decreased significantly during examination,with statistical sig-nificance(P<0.05);that of group B and C had no obvious change before and during examination. Blood pressure,heart rate and breathing rate of 3 groups had no obvious change before and during examination. The excellent anesthesia rate and compliance rate of group A were significantly lower than those of group B and C,but the rate of bodymovement cough and pain recalling rate were significantly higher than group B and C,with statistical significantly(P<0.05). The excellent anesthesia rate and compliance rate of group B were significantly lower than those of group C,but the rate of bodymovement cough and pain recalling rate were signifi-cantly higher than group C,with statistical significance (P<0.05). No ADR was found in 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Modified bronchoscope atomization local anesthesia and modified painless bronchoscope are better than traditional bronch fiber oscope atomi-zation local anesthesia in anesthesia effect,safety,degree of comfort and acceptability. Modified bronchoscope atomization local an-esthesia was best but most expensive,so these methods can be chosen according to patient’s condition.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of schisandrin B (SchB)on the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury of the rats and the influence in HSPA12B/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,and to explore the mechanisms.Methods:130 SD rats were divided into sham group,cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury model group (model group),low dose of SchB group (SchB 3 mg· kg-1 ,SchB1 group),middle dose of SchB group (SchB 10 mg·kg-1 ,SchB2 group)and high dose of SchB group (SchB 30 mg·kg-1 ,SchB3 group)(n=26).The rats in sham group didn’t plug lines;the rats in model were used to establish ischemia reperfusion models;the rats in SchB1 ,SchB2 and SchB3 groups were firstly pretreated with different doses of SchB for 7 d,and then they were used to build cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury models.The nerve dysfunction of rats was evaluated by neurologic deficit score.The cerebral edema was detected by measuring the content of water in brain tissue.The morphological changes of brain tissue were observed by toluidine blue staining.The levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1 (IL-1)and interleukin-6 (IL-6)in the brain tissue were detected by ELISA.Western blotting method was used to detect the protein expression levels of heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B ), serine-threonine kinase (Akt ) and phosphorylation serine-threonine kinase (p-AKT ). Results:Compared with sham group,the neurologic deficit score of rats in model group was significantly increased (P <0.01),and the content of water in brain tissue was increased (P < 0.01 );the brain tissue structure was loosened,and the mesenchyme appeared edema;the NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1,and IL-6 levels were increased (P <0.01),and the expression levels of HSPA12B and p-Akt proteins were decreased (P <0.01).Compared with model group,the neurologic deficit scores of the rats in SchB1 ,SchB2 ,and SchB3 groups were decreased (P <0.01),and the contents of water in brain tissue of the rats in SchB2 and SchB3 groups were decreased (P <0.05);the edema of nerve cells was alleviated,and the cavities were reduced;the NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1,and IL-6 levels were decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01),the expression levels of the HSPA12B protein in SchB2 ,and SchB3 groups were increased (P <0.05),and the p-Akt protein expression levels of the rats in SchB1 ,SchB2 ,and SchB3 groups were increased (P <0.01).Conclusion:SchB could protect the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury of rats,its mechanism may be related to regulating the HSPA12B/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibiting the inflammatory reaction damage to the nerve cells of reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of main components content and entrapment efficiency of transferrin modified vincristine-tetrandrine liposomes. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted to determine the content of vin-cristine. The determination was performed on ELITE C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-15%triethylamine (70∶30)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The determination wavelength was set at 297 nm and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 20 μl. Free drug was isolated from liposomes by dextran gel column chromatography,and entrapment efficiency was deter-mined. RESULTS:The linear range of vincristine was 160-1 600 μg/ml (r=0.999 8,n=5) with average recovery of 99.20%(RSD=0.26%,n=9). RSD of precision test was 0.070%(n=5). The average content of vincristine in liposomes was 0.790 mg/ml(RSD=0.15%,n=3),and the average entrapment efficiency was 85.94%(RSD=2.08%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The method is accurate,reliable,simple and rapid,and can be used for the determination of the content and entrapment efficiency of vincristine in transferrin modified vincristine-tetrandrine liposomes.