Replacement therapy with plasma derived or recombinant F Ⅷ (rFⅧ) concentrates is only effective way to treat hemophilia A.Currently,the first,second and third generation rFⅧ are commercially available.Of the three products,the third generation rFⅧ products are best,because of no additional human or animal plasma proteins at any period.The use of rFⅧ concentrates has greatly improved the safety of replacement therapy in hemophilia A and reduced the risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission.In this article we review the current knowledge about the three rF Ⅷ concentrates,analyzing their main characteristic and their clinical hemostatic efficacy and safety.

Objective To evaluate relationship and singnificance between metabolic syndrome (MS) and carotid atherosclerosis. Methods One hundred subjects were investigated,including 54 MS patients and 46 normal subjects.Body mass index,waist circumference,plasma lipid and fast glucose of all subjects were examined.Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was detected and plaque was scored with color Doppler ultrasound. Results The MS patients had significant higher carotid IMT,diameter,plaque index and plaque occurrence rate than those in normal ones. Conclusions The degree of carotid atherosclerosis in MS is much more severe than that in normal patients.The metabolic syndrome may promote the occurrence and the progress of atherosclerosis.Carotid ultrasonograohy may help diagnose coronary artery disease much earlier.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),as a heterogeneous autoimmune disease,is the most common bleeding disorder,of which etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Health related quality of life are severely affected,especally in chronic patients . Studys on chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura pathogenesis ,both in China and abroad,have found that genetic factors may be involved in the occurrence and prognosis of the disease. The paper gives a review from the follow aspects,such as its risk factors,relationship between genetic polymorphisms or expression levels and chronic ITP susceptibility and seriousness,the role of epigenetic,researchs about chronic and refractory ITP,et al.

[Objective] This paper sums up Professor Liu Ruifen's scholar thought and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating menopause reheating sweating symptoms.[Methods] From the aspects of the pathological mechanism, clinical manifestation and treatment based on syndrome differentiation of menopause reheating sweating symptoms, this paper sums up Professor Liu Ruifen's scholar thought and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating the disease. At the same time, this paper also sums up Professor Liu Ruifen's experience in Chinese materia medica and presctiptions and rehabilitation. [Re-sults] The pathogenesis of this disease is kidney yin deficiency, Chong and Ren disorders; nourishing yin combined with inhibing Yang to remove heat is the big iethod.[Conclusions]Professor Liu Ruifen's scholar thought and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating menopause reheating sweating symp-toms is effective and is trusted and welcomed by patients. Her thought and clinical experience are worth to extend and apply.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of Lingtong Capsule (LC) in treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD).

METHODSTotally 59 PD patients took LC, while 59 patients in the placebo group took placebo capsule, two pills immediately when they felt dysmenorrhea. Their pain levels were quantitatively classified. The pain score was assessed at an interval of 30 min using visual analogue scale/score (VAS) while taking medicine and within two h after taking medicine. It was assessed as effective when the pain level was reduced by more than or equal to 50% within 2 h.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 69.49% (41/ 59) in the LC group and 20.34% (12/59) in the placebo group (P < 0.01). The analgesia effect was obviously superior in the LC group 60 min after taking medicine (P < 0.01). LC showed better effect in treating mild, moderate, and severe PD (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLC showed obvious analgesia effect on PD.

Adult ; Analgesics ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Dysmenorrhea ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Visual Analog Scale ; Young Adult

Objective To describe the prevalence and distribution of anxiety disorders among people aged 18～65 yrs in Liaoning Province. Methods 15 518 subjects in 7 200 families aged 18～65 yrs were randomly selected from 3 cities and 3 counties by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling.They were assessed for DSMⅢ-R diagnoses by face to face interview with Composite International Diagnostic Interview(CIDI-1.0). Results There were 13 359 subjects had finished the survey,and the response rate was 86.09%.The 2-week,12-month and lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders were 2.22%,4.60% and 7.21% regulated by Liaoning provincial population in 2000,and1.91%,3.97%and6.32% regulated by countrywide population in 2000.The major disorders were specific phobia and agoraphobia,and their lifetime prevalence were 3.80% and 3.04%,respectively.The people with higher prevalence were females,aged 25~55,with lower educational and economic level. Conclusion Anxiety disorders become a serious public health problem in Liaoning province.Prevention measures should be taken among people with high risk.

Objective To study expression of p27 and cyclin D 1 proteins and their significance in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).Methods The expression of p27 and cyclin D 1 proteins were detected by imunohistochemical technique in 77 cases of NHL.Results Of 77 NHLs, the positive rates of p27 and cyclin D 1 protein were 51 9% (40/77) and 58 4% (45/77) respectively, and the positive intensity of p27 in low grade group was significantly higher than in high grade group (P

Adult ; Aged ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Hemorheology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicosis ; blood

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of platelet autoantibodies in children with persistent/chronic immune thrombocytopenia (pITP/cITP).Methods Total of 34 children diagnosed with pITP/cITP(14 cases and 20 cases,respectively)in the Department of Hematology and Oncology,Shanghai Children's Hospital from December 2013 to August 2014 were enrolled as the study group,including 20 male and 14 female,the median age of 5 years old.The study also included 20 healthy children (the healthy control group) matched with gender and age,and 24 cases of newly diagnosed ITP (newly diagnosed ITP group) serving as the control groups.Platelet-associated immunoglobulin (PAIg) and platelet-specific autoantibodies on surface of platelets were mea-sured by flow cytometry or flow cytometric bead.Results Significant elevation of PAIgA,PAIgM,PAIgD and specific autoantibodies against glucoprotein(GP) Ⅲa,and GP Ⅱb were demonstrated in children with cITP,as well as specific autoantibodies against GP Ⅰ b,GP Ⅲ a,GP Ⅱ b,and granule membrane protein 140 (GMP140) in children with pITP,compared with the healthy control group(P ＜ 0.05);the levels of GPⅨ,GP Ⅲ a,GMP140 in cITP group and GP Ⅱ b in pITP showed significant declination,compared with the newly diagnosed ITP group(P ＜ 0.05);between piTP group and cITP group,autoantibodies GPⅨ,GP Ⅰ b,GP Ⅱ b,and GMP140 in the latter were much lower(P ＜ 0.05).Significant negative relation between PAIgM and platelet count was found in cITP group (P ＜ 0.05).Receiver operating characte-ristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of GP Ⅲ a autoantibodies was larger than that of other platelet-autoantibodies in pITP/ciTP diagnosis.Conclusions Platelet autoantibodies play a significant role in pITP/ciTP,especially platelet-specific autoantibodies,which show a declining tendency in the course and may be the main mechanism.The detection of GPⅢa specific autoantibody is more advantageous against other autoantibodies in the diagnosis of piTP/ciTP.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the serum enzymes in childhood amputees as a result of earthquake,and to discuss their clinical significance.Methods From 150 children amputees who were victims of Sichuan Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and Sichuan Lushan earthquake in 2013,45 cases with complete records of serum enzymes examinations were reviewed retrospectively.They were divided into three groups:amputation group (n=6),fasciotomy decompression group (n =5),general trauma without injury to extremity group (n =34).Serum enzyme examination data were compared for statistical analysis to find the difference among groups.Ten children who were not victims of earthquake were selected from department of orthopaedics to serve as controls,and 20 adult amputees as a result of earthquake served as another control group.Results There were significant differences in injury severity scale (ISS) and the contents of all serum enzymes,including aspartate transaminase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatine kinase (CK),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH),between the amputation group and other patients (FISS=15.474,P＜0.001 ; FAST=10.770,P＜0.001 ; FALT=12.799,P＜0.001 ; FcK=12.848,P＜0.001; FUDH=13.126,P＜0.001; FHBDH=13.186,P＜0.001),and the difference in amputation group was even more significant.AST,LDH,HBDH in childhood amputees group were significantly higher than those in adult amputation group.The contents of ALT and CK were slightly increased.Serum enzyme contents were found to be significantly helpful for prediction of disease condition and prognosis.It was also found that CK was extremely helpful in assessing the degree of illness in patients with severe trauma,especially in patients complicated by severe soft tissue injury.In all the groups,of patients,it was found that CK rose from (129 ± 62) U/L in non-earthquake induced trauma group to (44 208 ± 39 788) U/L in earthquake amputation group,and it was thus increased more than 300 times.Its highest value even reached 117 513 U/L,which was more than 840 times of the normal.If a timely amputation or muscle compartment decompression was performed,CK might decline rapidly down to the normal value.Conclusions The comprehensive and continuous assessment of serum enzymes is mandatory during the treatment of children with acute trauma.It is of important clinical significance to correctly judge the condition and to determine optional treatment measures.