Three strategies for nephrologists are to recognize the signs of early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease ( CKD),to identify and treat risk factors of progression of CKD and to cure or slow-down the progress of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The idea of individual therapies obtaining optimal clinical results in tumor treatment urged people to find and apply biomarkers for personalized diagnosis of the risk factors of CKD susceptibility and progression,which provide a rationale for pursuing personalized medicine.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:784-789)

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of childhood intracranial tumor.Methods The age and sex distribution,location of tumor,clinical manifestation,imaging examination and pathological examination,diagnosis and treatment of 98 children under 14 years old admitted into Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jun.2003 to Sep.2008 were analyzed.Results There were 63 male and 35 female in the study.The gender ratio(male to female) was 1.8:1.The age range was 4 months to 14 years old,75 cases(76.5%) visited a doctor in the course of disease from 1 to 90 days.The tumors of 60 cases(61.2%) were located in posterior cranial fossa,while 14 cases(14.3%) in cerebral hemisphere.The most common intracranial tumors were medulloblastom(30 cases,30.6%),astrocytic tumor(26 cases,26.5%),ependymal tumor(17 cases,17.3%),craniopharyngioma(10 cases,10.2%) and germ cell tumor(4 cases,4.1%).The main clinical manifestations were vomiting(61 cases,62.2%),headache(58 cases,59.2%),instability of gait or incoordination(38 cases,38.8%),29 cases(29.6%) of the tumors were misdiagnosed.Obstructive hydrencephalus was found in 78 cases(79.6%) by imaging examination,positive rate of tumor′s diagnosis was 95.9% and 100% by brain CT and MRI scaning,respectively.Conclusions Intracranial tumors in childhood are mostly located in posterior cranial fossa with atypical clinical manifestations and short course of diseases.It is common to be misdiagnosed at early stage.Brain CT and MRI examinations are helpful for early diagnosis,which should be considered for the children when unreasonable increased intracranial pressure and localizing neurological sings exist.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of alprostadil, benazepril combined with Danqi Decoction and herbal enema in treatment of diabetic renal proteinuria.Methods Sixty cases of diabetic renal proteinuria patients were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group.Each group was 30 cases.The control group was given alprostadil(0.2μg/mL,2 times per day) and benazepril(10 mg,one time per day), while the experimental group was given Danqi Decoction combined with herbal enema on the basis of the control group(one time per day).The urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, quantitative of proteinuria (in 24 hours) and the excretion of urinary micro-albumin of both groups were all tested after three weeks of continuous treatment.ResuIts After three weeks of treatment, the laboratory values of urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, quantitative of proteinuria in 24 hours of both groups were all improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore, the quantitative of proteinuria(in 24 hours) of the experimental group was significantly less than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the excretion of urinary micro-albumin of the experimental group was significantly less than that of the control group(P<0.05).ConcIusion The therapy of alprostadil, benazepril combined with Danqi Decoction and herbal enema is effective for diabetic renal proteinuria patients, and can significantly reduce proteinuria and renal injury.

This article discusses the relevant factors which influence the assessment and diagnosis of personality disorder, especially the relationships between personality disorder and personality,personality disorder and the axis I conditions in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) system and its particularity of assessment. Such discussion helps to improve the clinical worker's comprehension to the psychopathology, personality disorder and their relationships.

To establish a set of perfect teaching quality management system in laboratory medicine based on ISO 9000 standard and teaching reality in laboratory medicine will be helpful to the improvement of teaching quality and management ability and sustainable development of laboratory medicine.

Objective To discuss the application effect of FMEA in reduction of unplanned extubation of PICC.Methods FMEA was applied to find out the failure mode of unplanned extubation of PICC,and then assessed it from three dimensions,which were the likelihood of occurrence,the possibility of being discovered,and the seriousness of the failure,and then calculated the RPN values,risk priority,and plan optimization process,at the last made a proactive behavior intervention.81 patients were selected as the control group before the application of FMEA and 98 patients were set as the experimental group after the application of FMEA.The incidence of unplanned extubation was compared between two groups.Results There was statistically significant difference in unplanned extubation between two groups.Conclusions Application of FMEA can reduce the rate of unplanned extubation of PICC.

AIM: To explore the oxidant-antioxidant status and levels of mononuclear cells (PBMCs) oxdative DNA damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to value the effect of resveratrol on peripheral blood mononuclear cells oxidative DNA damage in T2DM patients in vitro. METHODS: The DNA damages in PBMCs of 39 T2DM patients with vascular complication, and 29 T2DM patients without complication were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (the comet percentage). The levels of plasma total antioxidative capacity (TAC), the contents of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasma thiol group (SH) were measured. The effect of resveratrol on DNA damage of T2DM patients were investigated in vitro. In addition, 26 healthy subjects were studied as a control group. RESULTS: The comet percentage of PBMCs and the contents of plasma MDA in T2DM patients without complication were all significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients.Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy,and mitochondrial function depends on the stabilization of the mitochondrial membrane structure.Studies on the molecular alteration and the underlying mechanism of the cardiocyte mitochondrial membrane of the diabetic heart may give us deeper insights into diabetic cardiomyopathy,and help us make a breakthrough in the therapeutic strategies.

Objective To evaluate the serum rocalcitonin(PCT) determination in the diagnosis of emergency patients with fever . Methods 120emergencypatientswithfeverwereenrolledinthestudy,whoseserumsamplesweretestedbyusingelectrochemilu‐minescence immunoassay for PCT concentrations ,at the same time white blood cells(WBC) count and C reactive protein(CRP) were also determined .Bacterial culture results were used as gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infection .WBC>10 .0 × 109/L,CRP>10mg/L,PCT>0.5μg/Lwerethejudgmentcriteriafortheevaluationofthoseindicators.Results 73casesofpatients′bacteria culture results were positive ,47 patients′bacteria culture results were negative;63 cases of patients were with PCT ,WBC and CRP levels elevated at the same time;2 patients′WBC count elevated ,while PCT and CRP concentrations did not ;6 patients′serum PCT concentrations increased ,while WBC and CRP levels didn′t ;4 patients′serum PCT and CRP concentration increased , while WBC count didn′t ;35 patients′PCT ,WBC and CRP kept at low levels .Conclusion Serum PCT concentration could be used as an auxiliary diagnosis indicator in the diagnosis of emergency patients with fever .

Hypoxia results from long-term anti-angiogenic therapy and can stimulate hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIF-induced hy-poxia signaling is involved in various steps in tumor invasive-metastatic cascade. On the one hand, HIFs regulate epithelial-mesenchy-mal transition. On the other hand, the characteristics of pericytes around vessels and the links among endothelial cells can change;thus, tumor cells can more easily intravasate into blood vessels, survive in peripheral blood, and then reach specific organs, ultimately resulting in metastasis. This review discusses the emerging mechanisms of long-term anti-angiogenic therapy and the occurrence of metastasis.