Objective To review the recent studies about sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer. Methods The literatures in recent years on the history, concept, technique and clinical application of sentinel lymph node biopsy were reviewed and summarized.Results There was no unified method for sentinel lymph node biopsy. There was a wide range of detection rate and false negative rate.Conclusion Prospective multi center random clinical trials will help to evaluate the clinical application of sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of phyllodes tumor of the breast. Methods Clinical data from 30 patients with phyllodes tumor confirmed surgically and pathologically were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 30 cases of phyllodes tumor, there were 16 cases of benign tumor, 9 cases of borderline tumor and 5 cases of malignant tumor according to the standard histological criteria. Local mass excision, total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy and tumor mass excision were performed in 8, 8 and 13 patients, and 1 patient, respectively. A follow up of 20 cases for 1-24 years found 1 death, but all the others survived. Four patients out of the 20 patients underwent total mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy due to tumor recurrence. Conclusion The preoperative diagnosis of phyllodes tumor is difficult. Intraoperative frozen section examination of the suspicious lesions should be conducted. Multiple slices of the specimen should be performed. Surgical options are closely associated with the prognosis. Wide local excision or total mastectomy is recommended in surgical options.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of Yin and Yang deficiency syndrome on different nationalities in different parts of Xinjiang in order to offer epidemiology evidence for the research on the cause of dryness syndrome in northwest China.Methods The questionnaire was designed according to the Chinese medicine theories and the sampling questionnaire investigation in five regions including Hotan Xinjiang and Leshan Sichuan and Shanghai was carried out.Then a computation differentiation of Yin and Yang deficiency syndrome was done for the statistical analysis.Results Totally 5544 questionnaires were accomplished.In the five regions except Urumqi,the incidence of Yin and Yang deficiency syndrome in Xinjiang was higher than that of Shanghai and Sichuan(P

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture combined with tuina manipulation for thoracic facet joint disorder. Methods:A total of 93 eligible cases were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group. Patients in the observation group (n=46) were treated with acupuncture combined with tuina manipulation, whereas patients in the control group (n=47) were treated with tuina manipulation alone. The treatment was done once a day, for a total of 3 times. Therapeutic efficacies were then evaluated according to scores on signs and symptoms.
Results:After treatment, there were intra-group statistically significant differences in scores of eight signs and symptoms (all P<0.01); and the between-group differences were statistically significant in scores of eight signs and symptoms (all P<0.05). After three times of treatment, the recovery rate in the observation group was 54.4%, versus 25.4% in the control group, showing a statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with tuina manipulation can obtain better effects than tuina manipulation alone for thoracic facet joint disorder and is therefore worth further clinical application.

Objective:To explore effect for isoproterenol rising detection rate of paroxysmal supraventricular tachy‐cardia by transesophageal atrial pacing (TEAP) .Methods :A total of 85 patients with suspected PSVT attack history received routine TEAP ( basic stimulate ) ,for those failed to evoke PSVT ,they received additional intravenous infusion of isoproterenol to make heart rate rise to 120 beats/min ,then TEAP was repeated .Results :Routine TEAP evoked PSVT in 29 cases (34.1% ,29/85) ;among the remaining 56 cases un - evoked PSVT ,after intravenous infusion of isoproterenol PSVT was evoked in 54 cases (96.4% ,54/56) by TEAP ,and this detection rate was significantly higher than that of routine TEAP (96.4% vs .34.1% , P = 0.039) .Conclusion :Intravenous infusion of isoproterenol can greatly raise the detection rate of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia by transesophageal atrial pacing .

Objective To study the association of ER? expression with the expression of hormonal receptor and prognostic biomarkers.Methods The expressions of ER?,ER?,PR,Ki-67,HER-2/neu and p53 were detected in tissue samples from 109 breast cancer patients by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray slides.The histologic grade,tumor size and lymph node metastasis status of 109 cases of breast cancer were recorded and served as comparison indexes.Results ER? was expressed in benign epithelium and stroma cells,and breast cancer cells in 59% breast cancer tissues of different histologic types.ER? was coexpressed with ER? in 45% breast cancer tissues.ER? expression was found a statistically significant association with HER-2/neu(P

Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) fingerprint of Rhodiola rosea medicinal materials was established, and used to distinguish the quality of raw materials from different sources. Pulse sequence for water peak inhibition was employed to acquire 1H-NMR spectra with the temperature at 298 K and spectrometer frequency of 400.13 MHz. Through subsection integral method, the obtained NMR data was subjected to similarity analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). 10 batches raw materials of Rhodiola rosea from different origins were successfully distinguished by PCA. The statistical results indicated that rhodiola glucoside, butyl alcohol, maleic acid and alanine were the main differential ingredients. This method provides an auxiliary method of Chinese quality approach to evaluate the quality of Rhodiola crenulata without using natural reference substances.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

Objective To analyze clinical risk factors for radioiodine(RAI)-refractoriness of DTC with distant metastasis and do survival analysis.Method The clinical data of 77 differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) patients with distant metastasis admitted to the department of radionuclide therapeutics of Qilu Hospital from Jan 2002 to Sep 2015 were collected to make the retrospective analysis by dividing into radioiodine-refractory(RAI-R) group and radioiodine-efficient(RAI-E) group.Result (1)In DTC patients treated by 131I, there are 77(7.15%) patients with distant metastasis.Among DTC with distant metastasis, 25(32.47%) patients are identified as RAI-R DTC with average age of (56.2±16.0) years old, median age of 57 years old, and male-to female ratio of 1∶2.57.(2)Univariate analysis shows that age of distant metastasis older than 45 years and pathological type of follicular thyroid cancer(FTC) are two risk factors related to RAI-refractoriness.Logistic regression analysis indicates that age of distant metastasis older than 45 years and pathological type of FTC are the independent risk factors for RAI-refractoriness of DTC with distant metastasis.(3)3-year and 5-year survival rates of the 25 RAI-R DTC patients with distant metastasis are 75% and 62%,while RAI-E DTC patients were all alive.The survival of RAI-R DTC with distant metastasis is significantly worse than RAI-E DTC with distant metastasis.Conclusions (1)In the DTC with distant metastasis, the rate of RAI-R DTC is not low, and it is 32.47%.Females of RAI-R DTC are more than males.(2)Age of distant metastasis older than 45 years and pathological type of FTC are independent risk factors for RAI-refractoriness of DTC with distant metastasis.(3)The survival rate of RAI-R DTC with distant metastasis was significantly lower than that of RAI-E DTC with distant metastasis.

Objectives: To reveal the morphological features of the stratum corneum lipids in hairless mouse epidermis. Methods: Ruthenium tetroxide and osmium tetroxide were compared as post fixative in the preparation of hairless epidermis for transmission electron microscopic examination. Results: Both reagents reveled characteristic membrane coating granules within the granular layer. Whereas, the transformation of the membrane coating granule contents into multiple lamellae at the interface between the granular and cornified layers and the persistence of these lamellae through all levels of the stratum corneum were demonstrated only by ruthenium tetroxide fixation. Conclusions: The distinctive patterning of the intercellular lamellae reflects the nonrandom organization of the stratum corneum lipids. In addition, the ruthenium tetroxide postfixation technique is a useful method in the investigation of the morphological features of the stratum corneum lipids.

The microbial populations and community structure characterization technologies of the enhanced biological phosphate removal system were reviewed comprehensively in this paper, and their future research directions were outlined.