0.05) in tail flick test.MPE% in group MK was always higher than group M and descended more slowly than group M,especially from the d4 to d8(P0.05). Conclusion Ketamine could block the development of morphine tolerance partly due to its inhibition effect on pCREB protein.

Objective To clarify the relationship between ABO blood group and the development of duodenal ulcer(DU)in aspects of gastric acia and Hp infection.Methods The blood group of ABO was determined in 80 patients who were diagnosed as DU and received 24-hour gastric pH monitoring between 1995 and 2003.These results were compared with the expected frequency in the 1061 healthy controls in Beijing.The prevalence Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection rate was determined by rapid urinase test,biopsy and 13C breath test.Results Blood type O was present in 56.3% of the patients with DU,which was significantly higher than the expected rate (28.7%) in healthy population (? 2=26.69,P0.05).Conclusion Blood group O doesn’t cause the disease by affecting Hp infection rate or stronger gastric acid secretion,it maybe another independent risk factor for DU.The onset age in blood group O is not different from that in other types.The mechanism needs to be explored.

Objective To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid derived suppressor cells(MDSC) in bone marrow cells in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML),and to detect its relationship with the clinical features,the effect of chemotherapy and prognosis.Methods Twenty-nine cases of children with AML were collected from June 2013 to March 2014 in People's Hospital of Wuhan University,in which 11 cases of low-risk group,10 cases of middle-risk group,8 cases of high-risk group;and 17 cases of non blood disease was as the control group.The expressions of TLR4 and MDSC were detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),Western blot methods,immunohistochemical staining,and flow cytometry,respectively,in the bone marrow cells of 29 children with AML.Results The mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 in the initial treatment group was higher than those in the complete remission group(t =3.092,3.393,all P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 in the relapse group was higher than those in the complete remission group(t =4.013,4.279,all P ＜ 0.05).The positive expression rates of MDSC in the above 3 groups were (29.77 ± 1.39) ％,(5.19 ± 0.65) ％,(38.62 ± 3.54) ％,respectively,compared with the control group [(1.32 ± 0.27) ％] and there was significant difference(all P ＜0.05).The positive expression rates of TLR4 and MDSC in the initial treatment group,relapse group and complete remission group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with significant differences (initial treatment group TLR4:t =3.559,P ＜ 0.05;MDSC:t =3.727,P ＜ 0.05;relapse group TLR4:t =4.043,P ＜ 0.05;MDSC:t =4.125,P ＜ 0.05;complete remission group TLR4:t =2.798,P ＜ 0.05;MDSC:t =3.469,P ＜ 0.05).Pearson rank correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the expression of TLR4 and MDSC (r =0.673,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The expressions of both TLR4 and MDSC play an important role in onset,progression,curative effect and prognosis in children with AML,and the two may play an importment role in synergistic effect.

0 05). Conclusion Femal, splenomegaly and increase of the MPV width and PVP were the risk factors inducing PVT in liver cirrhosis patients, while liver function, BPC, PT, ect, may not be related to the formation of PVT.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying lymphocyte functionassociated antigen-1 (LFA-1) / intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mediated anti-neoplastic effects of cytokine induced killer (CIK) cells. Methods Lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of children leukemia were induced with interferon-gamma (IFN-y), anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (CD3McAb) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and co-cultured with dendrite cells (DC) to generate DC-CIK cells. When treated with LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, cytotoxicity of DC-CIK cells against leukemia cell lines was measured by the MTT assay, while RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine mRNA and protein expressions of GATA-3 and T-bet in DC-CIK cells, respectively. IL-12, IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels released by DC-CIK cells were quantified by ELISA. Results Induced DC-CIK cells were regular, round and transparent with variable cell volume and cellular aggregation. When treated with mouse anti-human LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, the cytotoxicity decreased mostly towards B95 cells under administration of 20 μg/ml LFA-1 monoclonal antibody in comparison with the control group(t =10.138, P ＜0.05). It led to a highest elevation of GATA-3 mRNA and protein levels (t =16.386, P ＜ 0.05; t =22.652, P ＜ 0.05) and a most decrease of T-bet mRNA and protein levels (t =17.728, P ＜0.05; t =17.452, P ＜0.05) under 20 μg/ml LFA-1 monoclonal antibody in B95 cells group in comparison with the control group. The expression levels of IL-12,IFN-γ, and TNF-o in supernatant were the lowest under 20 μg/ml LFA-1 monoclonal antibody in B95 cells group in comparison with the control group (t =21.621, P ＜0.05; t =13.739, P ＜0.05; t =15.278, P ＜0.05).Conclusion GATA-3 and T-bet were implicated in the LFA-1/ICAM-1 mediated anti-neoplastic effects of DC-CIK cells via activation of the Th1 pathway, with high secretion of Th1 cytokines, such as IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α.

Background Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is determined to have a neurotrophy effect and promoting effect to the growth of axon.GDNF has been applied in ophthalmology.Research showed that artemin,a new member of GDNF family,has a better function in protection of neuron,but seldom relevant document of distruibution of artemin in retina is found so far.Objective The aim of the present study is to investigate the distribution and expression of artemin in normal rat retinal neuron cells and retinal ganglion cells,and imitate diabetic environment to observe the expression of artemin at the condition of high glucose.Methods Retinal tissue was isolated from clean neonatal SD rats and cultured by expand culture method in DMEM/F12 containing 10% fetal bovine serum.40 mmol/L of glucose was added in medium in the seventh day after culture for 12 hours as experimental group.The expression and location of artemin in retina were tested by real-time PCR and cell immunofluorescence assay.Use of experimental animals followed the Management Regulation of experimental animals of Jiangsu Province.Results Cultured cells showed the typical cell body and processes in the seventh day.Cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) presented the red fluorescence for Thy1.1 antibody,and multiple fluorescence label revealed that RGCs exhibited the green fluorescence for artemin antibody and red fluorescence for Thy1.1 antibody,indicating artemin protein was positively expressed in cultured RGCs.The numbers of positive cells for Thy1.1 antibody was (442±9)/high field in normal culture group and (263±7) /high field in 40mmol/L glucose culture group,showing a significant difference between them (P＜0.05).The expression of artemin mRNA in normal culture group and in 40 mmol/L glucose culture group,was showing a considerably difference between them(P＜0.05).Conclusion Artemin can be expressed in cultured retinal neuron cells and RGCs in rats.High glucose environment down-regulate the expression of artemin.This study proved a new idea for protecting RGCs against damage.

Objective Complex of oxymatrine(OMT)-carbenoxolone sodium(CS)was prepared,and the acute toxicity of the OMT-CS complex and their protective effects on injured liver induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4)were also studied.Methods The OMT-CS complex was formed after preparing OMT and CS solutions individually then mixing them in ratio,the constant was detemined by UV-vis,the complex was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction,IR,and NMR.The sequence method was employed to test LD_50 of the complex by iv injection.The aspartate transaminase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in serum were measured in acute hepatic injuried models by CCl_4 proportionally im injected the complex in mice.Results The ratio of OMT and CS in the complex appeared to be 1∶1.The results of powder X-ray diffraction measurement indicated that a novel crystalline structure of complex was formed.The acute toxicities of LD_50 of the complexes in 1∶1,and 2∶1 were lower than that of both OMT and CS only.Compared with the model group by CCl_4,AST and ALT levels in serum were lower than that in the complex at 1∶1 and 2∶1 ratios.Conclusion The toxicity of the complex in different proportions on acute hepatic injuried mice by CCl_4 decreases obviously,compared with their precursor drugs.

Objective To explore the clinical value of gastric bare area (GBA) for the prognosis of gastric fundus and cardia carcinoma.Methods The data of 82 patients with gastric fundus and cardia carcinoma from January 2010 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into group A (49 cases) with cancer cell invasion in GBA and group B (33 cases) without invasion in GBA.All the patients underwent D2 gastrectomy plus surgical resection of GBA and were treated by 6 cycles of postoperative FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy scheme.Postoperative follow-up and survival analysis were carried out for patients in both groups.Results According to survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier method),the postoperative 1-,2-and 3-year cumulative survival rates of the patients in group A were 91.8 ％,57.3 ％ and 29.0 ％,respectively,while those of the patients in group B were 93.9 ％,75.0 ％ and 48.2 ％,respectively.The median survival times of the patients in group A and group B were 27.0 months and 36.0 months,respectively,which was demonstrated existing statistical significance(X2 =4.972,P =0.026).Conclusions The prognosis of gastric fundus and cardia carcinoma patients with invasion in GBA by cancer cells is poor.Surgical resection of GBA may help to improve the prognosis of the patients with gastric fundus and cardia carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effects of nitric-oxide synthase inhibitor on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage by Luminex analysis,and to explore the mechanism of nitric-oxide synthase inhibitor on modification of the metabolism of OA cartilage.Methods Fifteen specimens of articular cartilage taken from the patients with OA were cultured and divided in two groups.The control group was those with no intervention.L-NIL group was co-cultured with NOS inhibitor L-NIL.After 72 h cultivation,the release of NO and the activity of NOS on OA cartilage were measured by Griess reaction and spectrophotometric methods.MMPs (MMP-1,MMP-2,MMP-3,MMP-9,MMP-13) expression was measured by Luminex analysis.Comparisons between groups were performed with paired sampies t test.Results After cultured for 72 h,spectrophotometric analysis showed high concentration of NO release[(216±47) μmol/L ] and high level of active NOS [(5.7±1.3)U/ml]in supernatants of the control,1 mmol/L concentration L-NIL could evidently reduce NO release [(55±20)μmol/L,P<0.01] and NOS activity [(1.7±0.7)U/ml,P<0.01 ].Luminex analysis demonstrated high MMP-1,MMP-2,MMP-3,MMP-9,MMP-13 expression in cartilages of the control group [respectively for (10.8±5.4)ng/ml,(9.2±3.3) ng/ml,[11.6±4.2 )ng/ml,(1.27±1.07)ng/ml,(3.6±1.3)ng/ml] and 1 mmol/L concentration L-NIL could evidently inhibit MMP-1,MMP-2,MMP-3,MMP-9,MMP-13 expression [respectively for (3.6±1.8)ng/ml,(2.3±1.2)ng/ml,(3.6±1.4)ng/ml,(0.65±0.21)ng/ml,(1.8+0.5)ng/ml,P<0.05 ].Conclusion Luminex analvsis has shown that NOS inhibitor can reduce NO release and NOS activity and modify metabolism of articular cartilage by inhibiting the over-expression of MMPs.

Objective To study the cause of death and mechanism after(TACE)in China during the past 14 years.Methods Related repots in Chinese Medical Current Content(CBM)and National Knowledge lnfrastruc ture(CNKI)from January 1994 to June 2008 were retrieved.The cause of death and mechainsm after TACE wer e analyzed.Results A total of 150 patients who died after TACE were reposed in China during the past 14 ye ar s.84%eases were caused by liver lunction failure,upper gastrointestinal bleeding and rupture of liver cancer. 78.7%cases died one month postoperation.Conclusion Liver function failure.upper gastrointestinal bleeding and rupture of liver cancer are the main complications which Can cause death and the majority cases died early.