Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Quinolones ; therapeutic use ; Respiratory System Agents ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the influence of Levetiracetam(LEV) and Topiramate(TPM) on P-glycoprotein(P-gp) expression at brain in the epileptic rats.Methods The epileptic rat models were made with 1.5 ?g(3 ?l) Kainic acid stereotaxic injected into male SD rats' hippocampi(epilepsy group) and the control group rats were injected with 3 ?l normal saline(NS).The rats in epilepsy group(18 rats) and control group(15 rats) were randomized into TPM,LEV and NS subgroups(6 or 5 rats for each subgroup) to receive once-daily orally feeding of TPM(50 mg/kg),LEV(40 mg/kg) and NS(same amount NS) for 30 d.Immunohistochemistry(EnVision) was used to measure the level of P-gp exprssion in the rats brain.The level of P-gp expression was semi-quantitatively analyzed by mean integrated blue(MIB) value in Leica Qwin imaging analysis & measuring system.Results The expression levels(MIB value) of P-gp in hippocampus and temporal lobe in epilepsy subgroups were significantly higher than those in the corresponding control subgroups(P

Objective To explore the medication rules of national TCM masters’ treatment for phymatosis. Methods The prescriptions for phymatosis of national TCM masters were collected to build a database. The methods of association rules with apriori algorithm and complex system entropy cluster were used to achieve frequency of individual herbs, frequency of medicine combinations, association rules of herbs and core medicine combinations. Results In the prescriptions for phymatosis, Chinese medicinal herbs with the highest frequency were Astragali Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Poria, Herba Oldenlandiae, Rehmanniae Radix Exsiccata, and so on. Medicine combinations with the highest frequencywere Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma-Poria, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Poria, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma-Codonopsis Radix, and Poria-Codonopsis Radix. The medicine association rules of confidence coefficient 1 were Sparganii Rhizoma→Curcumae Rhizoma, and Moutan Cortex, Persicae Semen→Paeoniae Radix Rubra. The new prescriptions composited by “Curcumae Rhizoma, Sparganii Rhizoma, Manis Squama, Prunella Spica, Dipsacus Asperoides”, or “Paridis Rhizoma, Adenophorae Radix, Gleditsiae Spina, Sargassum, Laminariae Thallus”. Conclusions Chinese medicinal herbs used in the prescriptions of national TCM masters for the treatment of phymatosis were often with the actions of invigorating the spleen and benefiting qi, clearing away heat and toxic material, and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, which were complied with the medication rule of treating both the incidental and fundamental aspects in TCM.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ultrasonic scalpel and traditional electrocautery on postoperative complications in axillary dissection for breast cancer treatment.Methods The clinical data of 92 breast cancer patients with axillary dissection were analyzed retrospectively.The surgical proce-dures were randomly chosen by patients,including 37 cases with ultrasonic scalpel and 55 cases with elec-trocautery.Both groups were compared in operation time,number of harvested lymph nodes,postoperative drainage in 24 h,seroma formation rate,and drain removal time.Results There were no significant differ-ences in operation time[(148.2 ±30.4)min vs(143.5 ±40.8)min],number of harvested lymph nodes (17 nodes vs 16 nodes),and drain removal time[(16.0 ±5.3)d vs(16.7 ±4.4)d]between ultrasonic scalpel group and electrocautery group(P >0.05 ).There were significant differences in postoperative drainage [(118.8 ±65.8)ml vs(159.2 ±71.3)ml]and seroma formation rate(8.1% vs 20%)between ultrasonic scalpel group and electrocautery group(P <0.01).Conclusion For breast cancer,ultrasonic scalpel is similar to electrocautery in axillary dissection,but it can reduce postoperative complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; DNA Primers ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Animals ; Apigenin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Phytoestrogens ; pharmacology ; Rats

In this study, based on web database, 324 neurotoxic compounds and 234 non-neurotoxic compounds were selected as a data set for neurotoxicity discriminative model. 6 122 molecular descriptors, including charge distribution, physicochemical and geometrical descriptors,were calculated to characterize the molecular structure of neurotoxic compounds. The combination of Cfs Subset Evaluation and Best First-D1-N5 searching was used to select molecular descriptors. A discrimination model with high accuracy was built based on the support vector machine (SVM) approach. Meanwhile, the model accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were all above 80%. Besides, 30 traditional Chinese medicine compositions with neurotoxicity were set as external validation to further verify the model accuracy,with anaccuracy of 73.333%. Using the model, 13 potential neurotoxic compounds were screened from Sophorae subprostrate Radix,4 of them were verified by literatures. The results demonstrated that the discrimination model can be applied to screen neurotoxic compounds from Chinese medicinal materials.
Computer Simulation ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Models, Theoretical ; Neurotoxins ; analysis ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Support Vector Machine

On the basis of web databases, 111 compounds with nephrotoxicity and 90 compounds without nephrotoxicity were collected as data set of nephrotoxicity discrimination model, 39 compounds with tubular necrosis and 39 compounds without tubular necrosis were collected as data set of tubular necrosis discrimination model. The 6 122 molecular descriptors, including physicochemical, charge distribution and geometrical descriptors were calculated to characterize the molecular structure of the above-mentioned compounds. CfsSubsetEval valuation method and BestFirst-D1-N5 searching method were used to select molecular descriptors. Two models with high accuracy were built based on the support vector machine (SVM) approach, respectively. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and matthew's correlation coefficient of the two models were all above 70%. By using 22 nephrotoxicity compounds of Chinese medicine, the nephrotoxicity discrimination model was further verified with an accuracy of 72.73%. Using the tubular necrosis discrimination model, 10 potential compounds which can cause tubular necrosis were screened from the positive results of nephrotoxicity discrimination model, 6 of them have been verified by literatures. The results demonstrated that the discrimination models can be applied to screen nephrotoxic compounds from Chinese medicinal materials, and they also offer a new research idea for the further studies on the mechanism of nephrotoxicity.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; toxicity ; Nephrons ; drug effects ; Support Vector Machine ; Toxicity Tests ; instrumentation ; methods

BACKGROUND: Based on the characteristics of cartilage tissue, such as consisting of single type of cells, the cartilage cells or chondrocyte, absence of blood vessel, rather low consumption level of oxygen and nutrition, low level of allo-immunocompetence and simple function in vivo, it seems to be easy for cartilage cell lines to be established for tissue and cell transplantation. We want to set up a cell line with the purpose of current use in tissue engineering in vitro. It will provide the basis for artificial tissue and organ that will become to be standardized and yielded in batch.OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential stimulatory effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and insulin on the proliferation and differentiation in primary culture mice chondrocytes in vitro. The effect and application of the cell factors will be evaluated for tissue engineering.DESIGN: A grouping controlled and repeated trial was conducted with the cells as the subjects.SETTING: Key laboratory of tissue transplantation and immunology of a college.MATERIAIS: The experiment was completed in the Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University from November 2002 to May 2003. Cultured cartilage cells at random were obtained as the study objects.METHODS: Mice cartilage cells were cultured in medium at the minimum concentrations of serum. The effects of different concentration of bFGF and insulin on the proliferation and differentiation in mice cartilage cells were observed with WST1 and immunofluorescence staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary results: ① Effect of bFGF on proliferation of primary cultured mice cartilage cells. ② Effect of insulin on proliferation of primary cultured mice cartilage cells. Secondary results:morphological observation of cartilage cells RESULTS: Primary cultured mice cartilage cells were cultured in medium at the minimum concentration of serum(4 g/L fatal bovine serum). It was found that bFGF and insulin might play an important role on the proliferation and growth of mice cartilage cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, morphological observation of cartilage cells showed that both bFGF and insulin not only promoted the proliferation of the cells but also enhanced the matrix secretion of cartilage cells.CONCLUSION: Both bFGF and insulin can stimulate the proliferation of cartilage cells in vitro.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Method The clinical data of 15 patients with SLE-induced MAS diagnosed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2011 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Fourteen patients were female.The average age was 28.07.When MAS occurred,the average duration of SLE was 20.47 months,and the average SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was 18.4.All 15 patients developed fever,hematocytopenia and impaired liver function in the course of MAS,while patients with splenomegaly,coagulation disorders and neuropsychiatric symptoms were 11,14 and 8,respectively.All 15 patients presented leukocpenia and thrombocytopenia.Hypofibrinogenemia,elevated ferritin and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow were respectively observed in 7,11 and 12 patients.Glucocorticoids were used in all patients,among whom eight received pulse methylprednisolone therapy.Thirteen patients were treated with immunosuppressants,including cyclosporine A,tacrolimus,cyclophosphamide and mycophemolate mofetil.Complete remission was achieved in 14 patients.One patient died of MAS.Conclusions In patients with SLE,MAS was most commonly seen in young females with short SLE duration and active disease.Fever,splenomegaly,hematocytopenia,coagulation disorders and liver damage are the most remarkable clinical manifestations.Early diagnosis and intensive therapy are the key parts to improve clinical outcome.