0 05) Conclusion There is significant increase in the levels of serum myocardial enzyme and CSF LDH of adult patients with acute intracranial infection The levels of serum myocardial enzyme and CSF LDH is helpful to the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of intracranial infection in early stage

[Objective] To develop a new method of measuring the posterior condylar angle(PCA)interoperatively,and determine the relationships of the PCA to the femoral shaft-transcondylar angle(FSXC)、the tibial plateau-tibial shaft angle(TPTS)and the femoral shaft-tibial shaft angle(FSTS)in southern Chinese people with osteoarthritic knees.[Methods]During July 2007 to March 2008,the PCA was measured directly in 30 osteoarthritic knees undergoing total knee arthroplasty with the PCA Conimeter designed by the author.There were 29 patients including 3 males and 26 females,and the average age was 66.6 years(range,50~78 years),18 left knees and 12 right knees.The radiologic measurements were performed preoperatively on weight-bearing long leg AP radiographs,which included FSXC,TPTS and FSTS.A linear correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationships of PCA to the FSXC,TPTS and FSTS.[Results]The value of the PCA was 5.2??2.6?.The values of the FSXC and TPTS were 8.6??2.9?and 4.1??4.0?,and both had significant linear correlationships with the value of the PCA(P

Objective To study the action of Shuganwan(SHGW) on experimental gastric ulcer in mice. Methods The anti-ga stric ulcer action of SHGW was observed on the gastric ulcer induced by water im mersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. The effect on gastric secr etion in rats was studied by pyloric ligation. The effect on gastrointestinal mo tility was observed by gastric emptying in mice. The analgesic effect was tested by the hot-plate test and writhing method. Results SHGW m arkedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. SHGW significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric a cid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucus. SHGW markedly delaye d gastric emptying in normal mice and when gastric emptying was stimulated by ne ostigmine. SHGW mildly strengthend the effect of atropine on gastric emptying. S HGW enhanced hot pain threshold and decreased the number of twisting body in mic e. Conclusion Shuganwan may have anti-gastric ulcer ac tion. The mechanism of the action might be associated with its inhibition of the secretion of gastric juice, promotion of the secretion of gastric mucus,inhibit ion of activity of gastric smooth muscle and analgetic effect.

Objective To study the protective action of Shuganwan on liver injury and its cholagogue action. Methods Acute liver injury was induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. The biochemical indexes and pathological changes were used for evaluation. The cholagogue action was studied by biliary drainage method. Results Compared with those of the CCl 4 control group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin levels of Shuganwan group declined significantly, and albumin/ globulin (A/G) inversion was obviously improved. The pathological changes revealed that liver injury was relieved. There was no change in bile secretion after administration of Shuganwan. Conclusion Shuganwan has protective action on acute liver injury by carbon tetrachloride, but no promotive action on bile secretion.

In the process of positron emission tomography (PET) data acquiring, respiratory motion reduces the quality of PET imaging. In this paper, we present a correction method using three level grids B-spline elastic method to correct denoised and reorganized sinograms for respiratory motion correction. Using GATE simulates NCAT respiratory motion model to generate raw data which are used in experiment, the experiment results showed a significantly improved respiratory image with higher quality of PET, and the motion blur and structural information were fixed. The results proved the method of this paper would be effective for the elastic registration.
Algorithms ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Movement ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Respiration

Deconstruction of lignocellulosic plant cell walls to fermentable sugars by biochemical means is impeded by several poorly understood ultrastructural and chemical barriers. Pretreatment is an essential step by altering the morphological and compositional characteristics of biomass to enhance the sugar release during enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, getting insight into this field is necessary to improve the conversion of biomass into biofuels. In this review, we highlight our recent understanding on the impact of various promising pretreatments on biomass, with emphasis on the topochemical and ultrastructural changes of plant cell walls that are related to the reduction of recalcitrance and the consequence of saccharification. It will lend support to the scientific research and development with respect to biomass conversion.
Biofuels ; Biomass ; Carbohydrates ; chemistry ; Cell Wall ; ultrastructure ; Fermentation ; Hydrolysis ; Lignin ; chemistry ; Plant Cells ; ultrastructure

A cluster sampling method was used to select 5 Huaihai communities of Shanghai.All individuals were aged ≥60 years.Visual acuity without correction and presenting acuity with their habitual distance correction were measured separately for each eye.The prevalence of blindness and low vision was 0.49％ and 1.65％ respectively.The leading causes of blindness in a descending sequence included macular degeneration,cataract and retinal vascular disease.

Objective To evaluate skin barrier function in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) as well as healthy children from two communities in Shanghai and to assess the relationship between skin barrier function and AD severity.Methods Totally,169 children with AD and 142 healthy children aged 3-12 years were recruited from two communities (Changning Xining community and Jiading Juyuan community) in Shanghai,China.Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum hydration were measured in normal appearing nonlesional skin at four body sites (dorsal and volar forearm,cheek and anterior shin) of the patients,as well as in normal skin at the same sites of the controls.AD severity was evaluated by using the severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index.Results Compared with the healthy children,the patients with AD showed higher TEWL value at all of the four body sites (all P ＜ 0.05),but lower water content in stratum corneum at dorsal forearm and anterior shin (both P ＜ 0.05).In patients with AD,the SCORAD index was positively correlated with mean TEWL value,but negatively correlated with the mean water content in stratum corneum.Conclusion Skin barrier function may serve as an index for evaluating the severity of AD.

AIM: To study the action of Shugan Pills (SHGP) (Fructus Toosendan, Rhizoma corydalis, Radix Paloniae Albe, Radix Aucklandiae, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, Fructus Aurantii, etc.) on treatment of epigastralgia. METHODS: The analgesic effect was tested by the hot plate test and writhing method. The anti gastric ulcer action of SHGP was observed on the gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. The effect on gastric secretion in rats was studied with pylorus ligation. The effect on gastrointestinal motility was observed by determination of gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion ability in mouse. RESULTS: SHGP enhanced hot pain threhshold and decreased the number of twisting body in mouse. SHGP markedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. SHGP significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucus. SHGP markedly delayed gastric emptying in normal mouse and when gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion was stimulated by neostigmine. SHGP faintly strengthed the effect of atropine on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. CONCLUSION: Shugan Pills could have analgesic effect, anti gastric ulcer action, it inhibited the secrection of gastric juice and the activity of gastric smooth muscle. These effects might be the pharmacological mechanisms of SHGP on treatment of epigastralgia.

Objective To study the clinical features and angiographic findings of moyamoya disease (MMD) as well as their relationship. Methods A total of 22 MMD patients received routine digital substraction angiography (DSA). The clinical manifestations and angiographic findings were analyzed. Results Clinical manifestations varied and each patient often had multiple symptoms, including cerebral infarction in 9 patients with an average age of 23.6 (13-39 years) and cerebral hemorrhage in 7 patients with an average age of 31.2 (28-46 years). Angiographic examination found that all the diseased sides showed MMD blood vessels. The patients who received encephalo-myo-arterio-synangiosis (EMAS) had better prognosis than those without receiving the treatment. Conclusion Cerebral infarction is frequent in children and adolescents with MMD, whereas cerebral hemorrhage is common in adults. DSA is a golden criterion for diagnosing MMD. Surgical treatment, EMAS blood supply reconstruction in particular, should be prescribed.