Objective To investigate the effect of Ulinstatin(UTI) on oxygenation and gastric intramucosal pH in dogs with sepsis. Methods Sepsis was induced by intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide of E.coli.055:B5 to dogs,and the twenty dogs were divided into control group and ulinastatin group.Ulinastatin was administered in the ulinastatin group.The oxygen delivery(DO2),oxygen consumption(VO2), oxygen extraction(O2ER), plasma lactate levels and gastric intramucosal pH(pHi) were monitored. Results In early sepsis dogs,DO2,VO2,O2ER and plasma lactate levels increased significantly. Gastric intramucosal pH(pHi) decreased significantly. After the treatment with ulinastatin,DO2,VO2,O2ER and plasma lactate levels decreasd(P

Objective To explore the effect of UTI (Ulinastatin) preconditioning on gene expression profiles of spleen tissue in septic rats by DNA microarray technology. Methods Forty-five male Wistar rats were equally divided into sham group,sepsis group and UTI group by means of random number table.In UTI group the rats were treated with intramuscular injection of UTI( 105 U/kg) one hour before cecal ligation and puncture.In sepsis group and sham group intramuscular balanced solution (5 ml/kg) was given.Cecal ligation and puncture was used to reproduce septic rat model. Gene expression profile was studied by using RatRef-12 Rat gene expression profile microarray to detect the changes in gene expression pattern of rat spleen tissue after cecal ligation and puncture.Then using related computer software was used to screen and analyze the relationship between the Sepsis/UTI group and sham group. Results In 22 523 genes,205 differential genes were found between sepsis group and sham group,accounting for 0.910％.Among them 98 genes were up-regulated,with 48 known functional genes and 32 genes only showed in this group;107 genes were down-regulated,with 64 known functional genes and 34 genes only showed in it.197 differential genes were found in UTI group and sham group,accounting for 0.875％.Among them 114 genes were up-regulated,with 35 known functional genes and 19 genes only showed in this group; 83 genes were down-regulated,with 49 known functional genes and 19 genes only showed in it. Conclusions Abnormal expression of genes in the spleen tissue of rats with sepsis owing to excessive inflammation and immune suppression were partly relieved by UTI preconditioning.UTI pretects spleen at genetic level.

Objective To find out the differences in gene expression of spleen tissue in septic rats by using DNA microarrays.Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly (random number) and equally divided into control group and sepsis group,and septic rat model was induced by cecal ligation puncture (CLP).The rats of control group were only subjected to a simulated operation without CLP.Gene expression profiles were studied by using RatRef-12 gene chip.Rat gene expression profile was showed by using microarray to detect the changes in gene expression pattern of rat spleen tissue after CLP.And subsequently,by using relevant computer software to screen and analyze,the comparison of differences in gene expression between the sepsis group and control group was made.Results Of 22 523 genes,205 differential genes were found between sepsis group and control group,accounting for 0.910％.Among them 98 genes showed up-regulation,with 48 known functional genes,and 107 genes showed down-regulation,with 64 known functional genes.The function of such different genes were associated mainly with apoptosis,inflammation and energy metabolism of spleen cells.Conclusions Splenic dysfunction may be attibuted to the abnormal expression of relevant genes subjected to apoptosis,inflammation and alteration of energy metabolism.It may be the cause of immunosuppression in the later stage of sepsis.

Objective To investigate the effect of Helium-oxygen mechanical ventilation on histomorphology in acute lung injury(ALI)animal models.Methods To investigate the changes of histomorphology in ALI rat models caused by sepsis by comparing air-oxygen mixture mechanical ventilation with helium-oxygen mixture mechanical ventilation.Results Helium-oxygen mechanical ventilation has no influence on the change of lung histomorphology.Conclusion Helium-oxygen mixture mechanical ventilation could not improve lung histomorphology.Helium-oxygen mixture mechanical ventilation has no protective effect on ALI animal models.

Objective To investigate the effects of Helium-oxygen mechanical ventilation on respiratory mechanics and oxygenation in ALI animal models.Methods To investigate the changes of respiratory mechanics and oxygenated indexs in acute lung injury rat models caused by sepsis at different PEEP by comparing air-oxygen mixture mechanical ventilation with helium-oxygen mixture mechanical ventilation.Results 1.Helium-oxygen mechanical ventilation could not improve respiratory mechanical indexs in ALI animal models(airway peak pressure、mean airway pressure、platform pressure、dynamic compliance、airway resistance、flow rate of peak value).On the contrary,in the condition of high level of PEEP,some indexs became worse,such as depress of dynamic compliance(P

Objective To investigate the gene-expression profile in kidney of rats during late sepsis (24hours) by using microarray technology in order to offer some clue to revealing the pathogenetic mechanism of sepsis at gene level. Method A total of 30 Wistar rats were selected and divided into model group and control group randomly(random number). The rats of control group were sham operated and the rats of model group received cecal ligature and puncture (CLP) operation. The biomarkers of renal function were assayed and the histopathological changes of kidney in rats were observed under transmission electron microscope 24 hours after operation. Gene chips containing 22 107 rat-genes cDNA were used to exmine gene-expression in kidney of septic rats to sieve the genes with different expressions with software. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 11.0 software package.Statistical analyses of two independent samples carried out by using t -test. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) of sepsis group were higher (P ＜ 0.01 ). The histopathological changes in kidney of rats demonstrated the establishment of sepsis model successful 24 hours later.Compared with the control group, there were 325 genes with differential expression in model group. Among the known-functional genes, there were 100 up-regulated and 64 down-regulated. Sorted by biological function, the genes were mainly related to metabolism, immunoresponse, cellular signal transduction, apoptosis, ion channel,growth factor and so on. Conclusions A sequence of genes expressed differentially in kidney of rats with late sepsis. Microarray technology played an important role in the research into sepsis mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the effct of continuous blood purification(CBP)on endotoxin receptor and signal transduction of patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods Thirty patients with MODS were selected and treated with low volume and high volume haemofiltration.Plasma level of TNF-?、IL-6 were messured before and after CBP at 6h,1d,3d.Express of PMN CD14mRNA,CD14 protein and activity of NF-?B were also observed.Results CBP had no effect on TNF-?,and plasma IL-6 decreased significantly(P

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE)is a common complication with high mortality in patients with sepsis, but its pathogenesis is not clear, and there is no recognized diagnostic criteria and specific treatment.Intestinal tract plays an engine-like role in the occurrence and development of sepsis.The destruction of intestinal barrier and the disorder of intestinal microorganisms can affect the outcome of sepsis, in which gut microbiome affect the pathophysiology of intestine and brain through " the microbiome-gut-brain axis" (MGBA), and "gut microbiome-mitochondrial crosstalk" explains its role at the organelle level.The gut microbiome disorder exists in SAE animal model, while fecal bacteria transplantation can improve the symptoms and prognosis, suggesting that the exploration of gut microbiome may be of certain significance to understand the mechanism of SAE and explore its treatment.Here we review from three aspects: the gut microbiome, MGBA and the role of gut microbiome in SAE.

ObjectiveTo introduce clinical experience of the modified lateral crural reverse island skin flap with two sets of blood supply system for aged ankle & foot soft tissue defect.MethodsOn the anatomy base that cutaneous artery branches of lateral crural reverse island skin flap and perforating branches of sural neurocutaneous vascular flap were originated from peroneal artery, we designed the modified lateral crural reverse island skin flap located in posterolateral cruris treated for aged ankle & foot soft tissue defect. The modified flap had two sets of blood supply system which were from lateral crural flap and sural neurocutaneous flap.ResultsAll 11 flaps survived. The skin grafting of donor sites healed well. Followed up 3-9 months, six cases were satisfactory. Five cases with extensor defect were regained by tendon transplantation after 3 months of the operations.Conclusion The modified lateral crural reverse island skin flap with two sets of blood supply system is a good method for aged ankle & foot soft tissue defect.

Purpose To investigate the expression of EphA1 in renal cell carcinomas ( RCC) and to analyze its correlation with clini-copathological parameters in order to explore the clinical significance of EphA1 protein in renal cell carcinomas ( RCC) . Methods The immunocytochemical method was employed to measure the expression of EphA1 in 144 clear cell RCC ( ccRCC) tissues, 18 chro-mophobe RCC tissues and 6 papillary RCC tissues. Correlation between EphA1 protein expression and clinical parameters was evaluated by statistics. Results High level of the expression of EphA1 was observed in all normal renal tubes. The EphA1 protein was negative-ly or weakly expressed in 93 out of 144 ccRCC (64. 6%) and positively expressed in 51 out of 144 ccRCC (35. 4%). Positive expres-sion of EphA1 was observed in all samples of chromophobe RCC and papillary RCC. The high level expression of the EphA1 protein was significantly associated with younger patients (P<0. 001), sex (P=0. 016) and lower nuclear grade (P<0. 001). No significant relation between the expression of EphA1 and tumor diameter was found ( P=0. 316 ) . Conclusion EphA1 protein may be a new marker for the prognosis of ccRCC.