[ ABSTRACT ] AIM: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of bone morphogenetic protein 3 (BMP3) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues.METHODS: Thirty cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma specimens were col-lected.The expression of BMP3 at mRNA and protein levels in the tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot.The hilar cholangiocarcinoma paraffin-embedded specimens (n=103) were collected. The protein expression of BMP3 was determined by immunohistochemical method, and the relationship of BMP3 protein ex-pression with clinical pathological characteristics was evaluated.RESULTS:In the 30 patients with hilar cholangiocarcino-ma, the expressions of BMP3 protein and mRNA in 22 cases of tumor tissues were significantly decreased compared with the adjacent normal tissues.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that 87 cases were negative and 16 cases were weakly positive in all 103 cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.The expression of BMP3 protein was associated with the tumor TNM staging, lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:BMP3 gene might be inhibited in human hilar cholangiocarcinoma.The down-regulation of BMP3 gene might be associated with the carcinogenesis and devel-opment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical disease. Traditional treatments include drug therapy, microsurgery and autologous nerve transplantation. Drug therapy is not effective due to the poor con-centration of local drugs. Surgical method are limited by the length of the nerve defect and the lack of nerve donor sites. In addition, surgery is still tissue repair. With the progress of tissue engineering and stem cell research, tissue engineering combined with stem cells for nerve regeneration and repair has become a current research hotspot. Therefore, this paper reviews the process of peripheral nerve repair after injury, the mechanism and the progress of peripheral nerve repair based on adipose stem cells in the past five years.

Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical disease. Traditional treatments include drug therapy, microsurgery and autologous nerve transplantation. Drug therapy is not effective due to the poor con-centration of local drugs. Surgical method are limited by the length of the nerve defect and the lack of nerve donor sites. In addition, surgery is still tissue repair. With the progress of tissue engineering and stem cell research, tissue engineering combined with stem cells for nerve regeneration and repair has become a current research hotspot. Therefore, this paper reviews the process of peripheral nerve repair after injury, the mechanism and the progress of peripheral nerve repair based on adipose stem cells in the past five years.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium hyaluronate gel in preventing adhesion after prophylactic enterostomy.Methods:One hundred and twenty four patients from 6 hospitals were enrolled in this prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized into the study group ( n=59) or the control group ( n=65).All patients underwent prophylactic enterostomy. Patients of study group received odium hyaluronate gel for adhesion-prevention,while those in control group did not receive any adhesion-prevention treatment. The incidence of moderate to severe adhesion around the incision in the stoma area were evalutated during stoma reduction surgery. Results:The incidence of moderate to severe adhesion around the incision in the stoma area was 6.3% in the study group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) compared to that of the control group (32.6%). Conclusion:Sodium hyaluronate gel can safely and effectively reduce the incidence of moderate and severe adhesions after abdominal surgery.