Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been widely used in ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅢA stage and locally advanced breast cancer. The best way to evaluate NAC effect is to detect the changes in total tumor lesion volume by three-dimensional reconstruction under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At present, it is a hotspot for many scholars to effectively evaluate the efficacy of NAC and the impact of shrinkage modes on the evaluation after NAC in breast cancer by combination of multiple parameters, such as the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), time-intensity curve (TIC) type and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). To provide more practical and accurate means and methods in evaluating the effect of NAC in breast cancer for clinic is the medical researchers′eternal target.

Angiotensin II (Ang II ) is an effector of rein-angiotensin system. Ang II receptors mediate its biological effects. An analysis of radioactive ligand demostrated that mammalian exists AT1 receptor and AT2 receptor subtype. AT1 receptor exists three isoforms, AT1A, AT1B and AT1c receptor subtype in rat and mouse. The AT3 and the AT4 subtype receptors had been cloned, but their structure and function were unknown. The AT1 receptor belongs to the superfamily of seven trans-membrane domain, G-protein-coupled receptors and was 20%~ 30% homologous to other G-protein-coupled receptors. The AT1 receptor mainly exists in vessel, heart and adrenal glands in adult animals. The AT2 receptor only has 32% amino acid sequences homologous to AT1 receptor and mainly exists in embronic tissue and intersti-tium. Recent studies have shown that the AT1 receptor may mediate most of the biological functionof Ang I . The AT1 receptor mediates promoting the expression of growth-related inducible transcription factors such as c-fos, c-jun and c-myc, and inducing myocardial cell hypertrophy, cardiac fibroblasts proliferation and interstitial collagen deposition. The AT1 receptor antagonist can reverse myocardial hypertrophy and collagen accumulation induced by hypertension, but the AT2 receptor antagonist can't. The biological function of the AT2 receptor is little known. The AT2 receptor may mediate inhibit on of growth factor-induced cell proliferation, oposite AT1 receptor-induced mi-togenic effect and induce apoptosis. The AT1 receptor and AT2 receptor subtype in myocardial tissue may regulate the genesis and development of myocardial remodeling in hypertension togather.

Because of the unique molecular structure and stable performance of yolk immunoglobulin ( IgY) , it has been a hot spot in the field of antibody research.As a new type of vaccine, nucleic acid vaccine has more advantages than most traditional vaccines, such as production cost, immunizing dose and immune protection.The approach combining the advantages of nucleic acid vaccine and IgY production in egg yolk and suck IgY has wide scope of application.In this re-view, we introduce a quick and inexpensive production method of IgY, namely, IgY produced by nucleic acid vaccine im-munization.

AIM:To study the affect of two kind preparations of ammonium glycyrrhizinate on serum extracellular matrix level of chronic viral hepatitis.　METHODS: Seventy patients with chronic viral hepatitis were randomly divided into two groups. The first group of 41 patients (M36,F5;age 47a±s 13a) was treated with diammonium glycyrrhizinate 0.15 g, iv, gtt, qd×30 d. The second group of 29 patients (M23,F6; age 48a±12a) was treated with monoamonium glycyrrhizinate 0.2 g iv, gtt, qd×30 d. Serum ECM levels were assayed using RIA method.　RESULTS: After treatment the serum ECM levels of both groups reduced remarkably and there was no differance in the reduction of serum ECM levels of the two groups except LN (P<0.05, P<0.01).　CONCLUSION: Both preparations of glycyzzhizinate have the efficacy to reduce serum ECM level of chronic viral hepatitis patients and play some role in anti-hepatic fibrosis. Diammonium glycyrrhizinate is more potent than monoammonium glycyrrhizinate.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of high-dose Astragalus injection and cyclophosphamide (CTX) on infection, urine protein and immune function of the patients with lupus nephritis. METHODS: Forty-three patients diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by kidney damage and qi-deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into trial group (n=23) and control group (n=20). Patients in both groups were treated for 3 months. Intravenous drip infusion of 0.8 g CTX was administered to all patients once a month, while intravenous drip infusion of 20 ml Astragalus injection was only administered to patients in the trial group every day for 12 days in each month. RESULTS: The decrease of active clinical symptom score after the treatment in the trial group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). The infection rates of the trial group and the control group were 4.35% and 25% respectively. The decrease of 24-hour urine protein and CD8, and the increase of red blood cell count and serum albumin in the trial group were greater than those in the control group, and there were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). White blood cell count in the trial group was decreased less than that in the control group after the treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: High-dose Astragalus injection used together with CTX is more effective than CTX alone in decreasing infection rate and urine protein and improving immune function for patients with lupus nephritis.

Objective To summarize the experiences and long-term follow-up results in the treatment of severe mitral stenosis by balloon expansion in one step. Methods A new one-step method for direct mitral balloon expansion of the mitral valve was performed in 492 patients with mitral stenosis. Their mean age was 41.2?10.5y (15-68 y). 156 patients were male, and 336 were female. Results PBMV was effectively performed in 492 cases,and the success rate was 98.2% (483/492);mitral valve area was enlarged from 0.89?0.18cm 2 to 2.21?0.41cm 2 . 211 cases were followed-up from 8 months to 98 months. Restenosis rate for the dilated mitral valve was 11.4% (24/211),death rate 4.2%(9/211),and mitral valve replacement was done in 5.2% (11/211). Mean operation time was 36.5?12.1min. Conclusion Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy by balloon dilatation gave excellent immediate and late clinical results.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Moyamoya Disease ; therapy ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; abnormalities ; Young Adult

0.05), while clinical control rate of the treatment group was better than the control group (P

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) in patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and atrial fibrillation (Af) Methods The success rates of PBMV, changes of hemodynamic and echocardiographic indices after PBMV, restenosis rates during follow up and complications were observed in 125 patients with MS and Af (group Ⅰ) and 225 patients with MS in sinus arrhythmia (group Ⅱ) Results The success rate was 96% (120/125) and 99 6% (224/225) respectively in two groups ( P 0 05) respectively in two groups, but 5 cases of systemic embolization all occurred in group Ⅰ Conclusion PBMV was effective in patients with MS and Af, but not as good as in patients with sinus arrhythmia, so in patients with Af it should be much careful to select for PBMV and to prevent systemic embolization

Objective To assess the value of the resection of mammary intraductal tumors under ultra-fine fiberoptic ductoscopy.Methods Ductoscopic examinauions were performed in 312 patients with nipple discharge,and those with positive findings of intraductal tumors were given further surgical treatment.The location of lesions was determined according to the position of skin projection of the cold light source,the passage of the mammary ducts was determined depending on the direction of intraductal dilatator,and the distribution of the distal ends of mammary ducts was determined with methylene blue staining.Results Intraductal tumors were found in 78 cases,including solitary papilloma in 68 cases,papillomatosis in 5 cases,and intraductal carcinoma in 5 cases.The lesions were located at the major mammary ducts in 22 cases(28.2%,22/78),at the first branches of segmental ducts in 38 cases(48.7%,38/78),at the second branches in 14 cases(17.9%,14/78),at the third branches in 3 cases(3.8%,3/78),and at the fourth branches in 1 case(1.3%,1/78).The distance between the lesions and the lacteal outlet was 1~5 cm(mean,2.5 cm).All the 78 cases were surgically treated.Postoperative pathological findings revealed 65 cases of papilloma,8 cases of papillomatosis,and 5 cases of intraductal carcinoma.The diagnostic accordance rate of ductoscopy was 96%(65/68) for papilloma and 100% for papillomatosis(5/5) and intraductal carcinoma(5/5).There were 65 cases of ductectomy,8 cases of segmentectomy,3 cases of breast-conserving radical resection,and 2 cases of modified radical resection.Conclusions On the basis of the position of skin projection of the cold light source,the direction of intraductal dilatator,and the methylene blue staining,the location of lesion can be accurately identified for precise resection,which carries out a minimally invasive treatment for mammary intraductal tumors.