Objective To investigate the influence of topiramate(TPM) on quantitative pharmacoelectroencephalography (QPEEG) in normal subjects and epilepsy patients. Methods EEG were recorded in normal and epileptic subjects prior to and at 0.5,1,2,4,6,8,12,24 hours after the administration of single dose of TPM.The EEG power spectral activity including the absolute power,percent of power,total power in both occipital and total power of the whole scalp areas were calculated through 30 s epochs without artifacts after each recording.The statistical difference between baseline assessment and each post-drug time point was analyzed by the Wilcoxon matched-paired rank test. Results The power of sloe wave(peak value 66.76 ?V 2),?1-band (peak value 57.33 ?V 2)and total power (peak value 385.12 ?V 2)was increased after the administration of TPM and the total power of the whole scalp areas was also increased(peak value 2 500.75?V 2).The percent of power of ?-band(peak value 12.4%) and ?1-band(healthy control,peak value 17.5%) or ?-band(patient,peak value 13.94%)was increased,while ?3-band(healthy control,lowest value 10.4%) decreased. Conclusion TPM might change the background activity of EEG that was different from other antiepilepsy drugs.

Objective To analyze retrospectively the clinical efficacy that the application with vascularized greater trochanter to reconstruct the collapse of femoral head necrosis.Methods Followed-up the data of 21 patients who underwent reconstruction of the femoral head from January,2008 to December,2012,by this we made the clinical and radiological assess,Harris hip scoring system was used to evaluate the situation of hip function.All patients were followed up regularly for X-ray film (after 3 months,6 months and then be reviewed once a year),by the film we assessed the bone healing and repair of the femoral head,and determined whether had the progress in phases.The clinical survival was decided by receiving or not the arthroplasty.Results All 21 patients were followed up for 24-72 months,with an average of 47 months.The postoperative Harris hip score was 82.8 ± 7.1 points,compared with the preoperative,the score improved significantly (average 52.4 ± 4.3 points for preoperative),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Based on Ficat stage for osteonecrosis,8 patients in this group had progress after 24 to 48 months (mean 33 months),whose femoral heads got collapse worsened.The radiographic success rate was 61.9％.Six cases received arthroplasty in 18 to 48 months (mean 34 months) due to progressive collapse of the femoral head or severe hip pain,or both.FicatⅢ contained 25％ (4 hips),and Ⅳ had 40％ (2 hips),the clinical survival rate was 71.4％.Conclusion The application with vascularized greate.r trochanter transfer coverage to rebuild the collapse of the femoral head in patients with osteonecrosis is a good way.It' s worthy to be applied.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the iliac periosteal flap with ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery for the treatment of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.Methods Followed-up 18 patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease who had undergone the treatment of iliac periosteal flap with ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery from January,2008 to May,2012 in our hospital.Minimum follow-up time was from 24 to 60 months,and the average time was 38 months.The followed-up period ended in May,2014.Assessed the effect of surgery by X-ray,clinical examination and Harris scoring system.Results Sixteen patients had good healing with iliac periosteal flap according to X-ray show.Their epiphyseal height recovered and the femoral head rounded gradually.Two cases became flat and collapse.The result of excellent and good rate was 88.9％ by Mose method combined with the results of X-ray.The average Harris hip score improved from 72.3 ± 4.9 points preoperatively to 91.3 ± 2.4 points postoperatively.The difference of the result was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The transfer of iliac periosteal flap with ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery is an effective treatment for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of topiramate (TPM) on complexity of electroencephalography (EEG) by means of quantitative pharmacoelectroencephalography (QPEEG) and nonlinear analysis methods.MethodsOne dose of TPM was administrated to epileptics and healthy adults. The EEG samples were obtained prior to and at regular intervals (at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours after the administration) within 24 hours following the administration of TPM. The EEG activity was processed with the nonlinear analysis methods. The complexity measure, approximate entropy, Lyapunov exponent and fractional dimension of the whole scalp areas were calculated through 60 seconds epochs without artifacts after each recording. The statistical difference between baseline predrug assessment and each postdrug control was described by analysis of variance.ResultsThe Lyapunov exponent was increased first, then decreased, and then increased finally (the maximum value was 0.44 in both centrals in the healthy people). The approximate entropy and fractional dimension showed the tendency of descent, the complexity measure decreased in healthy adults (the least value was 0.34 on right parietal), but increased in patients (the maximum value was 0.34 in right posterior temporal).ConclusionTPM might change the complexity of EEG.

Objective The quantitative pharmacoelectroencephalography ( QPEEG ) of many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), such as carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenobarbital and topiramate but not levetiracetam (LEV), have been studied. This study is to investigate the effect of LEV on QPEEG. Methods One dose of LEV at l g was administrated to 12 healthy adults (6 males, average age at 26 years, average height at l.67 m). The EEG samples (of 180 seconds each) were obtained prior to and at regular intervals ( 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 24 hours) after administration of LEV. The EEG activity was processed with the power spectral analysis and separated into different frequency bands. The absolute powers of both occipital and frontal lobes were calculated through 30 seconds epochs without artifacts for each recording. The statistical difference between baseline pre-drug control and each post-drug assessment was evaluated by the Wilcoxon matched-paired rank test. Results The power of α1-band and β-band increased bilaterally over both frontal and occipital lobes after the administration of LEV. There was no change of α2-band over bilateral frontal lobes, but increased in double peaks shape with the low point at the 6 hours after the administration. The power of α1-band showed the significant change after the administration at the 1.5 hours (18.8950, Z= -3.059, P=0.002) in the left front, 3 hours (18.6150, Z= -2.981, P =0.003)in the right front, 1.5, 2, 3 and 4 hours (61.0233, 53.9425, 47.6192 and 51.8250 respectively, Z =-3.059, -3.059, -2.903 and -3.059, all P ＜ 0.01 ) in the left occipital, and 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 hours (53.5358, 56.8092, 50.3500 and 47.1733 respectively, Z = -2.903, -3.059, -3.059 and -2.981,all P ＜ 0.01 ) in the right occipital. The power of α2-band showed the significant change after the administration at the 3 hours (73.5450, Z = - 3.059, P = 0.002) in the left occipital, and 1, 3 hours (80. 6808 and 87. 1750, Z = -2.903 and - 3.059, P = 0.004 and 0.002 respectively ) in the right occipital. The power of β-band showed the significant change after the administration at the 3 hours (3.8000, Z = -3.059, P = 0.002) in the left front, 1.5, 2 and 3 hours (4.0408, 4.3217 and 4. 1050,Z= -2.903, -3.059 and -3.061, all P＜0.01) in the right frontal, 3 hours (9.1408, Z= -3.059,P =0.002) in the left occipital, and 1.5, 3 hours (8.9267 and 9.3033, Z = -2.981 and -2.981, both P = 0.003) in the right occipital. Conclusions LEV can change the background activity of QPEEG. The changes are different from those of the other AEDs.

Objective To investigate the possibility of the domestic reticulated vitreous carbon as a kind of scaffold material for bone tissue engineering,the biocompatibility of domestic reticulated vitreous carbon was first successfully tested with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro and for bone tissue repair in vivo.Methods From June,2013 to August,2014,the morphology and proliferation of BMSCs co-cultured with scaffold material in vitro was measured.Differences of measurement were compared with single factor analysis of variance to detect the cytotoxicity of reticulated vitreous carbon.In vivo reticulated vitreous carbon were implanted into the bone defect site and the groin.After 12 weeks,the biocompatibility of reticulated vitreous carbon was observed.Results MTT results showed that after 7d co-culture,the survival and proliferation of BMSCs had not been significantly inhibited (P ＞ 0.05).Inverted fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope found that newly developed three-dimensional domestic reticulated vitreous carbon could promote adhesion,aggregation and proliferation of BMSCs in vitro.Studies in vivo demonstrate that implanted reticulated vitreous carbon with a high porosity and host bone may produce a stable connection and integration.Conclusion Non-cytotoxic domestic reticulated vitreous carbon can promote the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and has good bone induction properties in vivo.

Objective To explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on flap graft survival.Methods Two random skin flaps were elevated on the back of the rabbits with spinal symmetry in fifteen healthy rabbits.We selected randomly one side as PRP side,another side as blank control side.And then the autologous PRP was daubed to the basement of the skin flap in PRP side,while the blank control side was treated with normal saline of the same volume.At 3 d,7 d,and 14 d after the surgical operation,the immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect the microvessel density by CD34,and the the flap graft survival rate was tested and the histological changes of the flaps were observed by HE staining.Results The survival rates of skin flap graft were that the PRP side in 3 d (74.4±4.7) ％,while the control side (65.8+6.8)％;the PRP side in 7 d (72.4±7.5)％,while the control side (58.5+7.0)％；the PRP side in 14 d (74.5±5.0)％,while the control side (65.0±5.4) ％.The inflammatory reaction became declining with the extension of time,while density of blood vessels was increasing.In 14 d inflammatory reaction was the lowest and blood vessels' density was the largest.In all the control sides inflammatory response was obvious than that of the PRP side.CD34 positive count in 3 d PRP side microvascular density (MD) was (13.9±2.0)/HP,controlled side (11.1±1.3)/HP;in 7 d PRP MD was (15.7±1.5)/HP,controlled side (12.1±1.2)/HP;in 14 d PRP MD was (19.6±1.2)/HP,controlled side (12.7±0.8)/HP.There were significant differences in the MD at 3 d,7 d,and 14 d (P＜0.05) between PRP side and control side.Conclusions Platelet-rich plasma is able to promote the survival of random rabbit flap.

BACKGROUND: The growth behaviors of cells on the biomaterials scaffold may be affected by the topography, pore size, wettability, porosity and other factors.OBJECTIVE: This research is aimed to observe the growth and proliferation of Schwann cells in silk fibroin scaffolds with different pore sizes. METHODS: Two kinds of silk fibroin scaffolds with different pore sizes were prepared, including a large pore size scaffold (pore size 50-60 μm) and a small pore size scaffold (pore size 10-20 μm). Schwann cells (R3 [33-10ras3]) served as seed cells and incubated in 37 ℃, 5% CO2 incubation box. When cells filled up the culture bottle bottom and formed a dense monolayer, they were digested and the cell concentration adjusted, then Schwann cells were seeded onto the surface of the porous silk fibroin scaffolds with different pore sizes. After seven days of co-culture, the growth and proliferation of Schwann cells were observed under scanning electron microscope.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The growth of Schwann cells on the surface of silk fibroin scaffolds with different pore sizes was varied. On the surface of small pore size scaffold (10-20 μm), the cell density was low, while the phenotype of cells was bipolar, cells arranged in parallel or linked as the cell chains. On the surface of large pore size scaffold (50-60 μm), more cells could be seen, but most of the cells were in the shape of single sphere, cells clustered on the surface of the porous scaffold or aggregated as a bunch of grape at the bottom of pores. Only few cells were bipolar and lied on the ridge between the pores. The result showed that the pore size of porous silk fibroin scaffolds is an influential factor for the growth and adhesion of Schwann cells. Schwann cells are conducive to grow on the scaffolds with pore size larger than cell body diameter.

Objective:To study the clinical effect of the minimally invasive treatment of calcaneal fractures by closed reduction using calcaneal plastic reduction forceps combined with threaded-pin external fixation.Methods:Clinical data of 16 patients with unilateral calcaneal fractures admitted to Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University from January 2015 to December 2017, including 14 males and 2 females, with a unilateral calcaneal fracture were analyzed retrospectively. The Bohler angle, Gissane angle, and calcaneal width, height and length were measured before and after the operation. The ankle function was evaluated according to the AOFAS score at 6 and 12 months after the operation.Results:The Bohler angle, Gissane angle, width, height and length 3 d and 6 months after operation were significantly better than before operation: (28.82 ± 1.72)° and (25.84 ± 1.96)° vs. (16.71 ± 2.74)°, (120.92 ± 3.85)° and (119.65 ± 3.84)° vs. (103.63 ± 4.62)°, (35.23 ± 1.94) and (36.51 ± 2.01) mm vs. (39.52 ± 1.26) mm, (48.52 ± 2.16) and (48.86 ± 1.98) mm vs. (46.94 ± 2.48) mm, (71.23 ± 2.49) and (70.94 ± 2.36) mm vs. (67.53 ± 2.53) mm, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); there were no statistical difference in those indexes before 6 months after operation and 3 d after operation ( P>0.05). The average AOFAS score 12 months after operation was significantly higher than 6 months after operation (80.6 scores vs. 60.1 scores), there was statistical difference ( P<0.01). At the final follow-up, the AOFAS score was excellent, good, moderate, and poor in 11 cases, 3 cases, 1 case and 1 case. The average AOFAS score was 60.1 at 6 months after the operation and 80.6 at 12 months after the operation, which was significantly higher than the average AOFAS score at 6 months after the operation ( P < 0.01). At the final follow-up, the AOFAS score was excellent, good, moderate, and poor in 11 cases, 3 cases, 1 case and 1 case, respectively. Conclusions:The application of closed reduction using calcaneal plastic reduction forceps combined with threaded-pin external fixation is effective for the treatment of displaced calcaneal fractures, with a simple procedure, minimal trauma, fewer skin and soft tissue complications, and satisfactory clinical results.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for pneumonia in children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infectious mononucleosis(IM). Methods: The clinical data of children with EBV-IM from March 2015 to February 2018 in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into a pneumonia group and a non-pneumonia group.The difference between 2 groups was analyzed, including gender, age, duration of fever, the maximum temperature in disease duration, the size of liver, the size of spleen, tonsillopharyngitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, edema of the eyelids, white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, atypical-lymphocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), alanine transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminas (AST), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody, the titer of mycoplasma (MP) antibody, EBV DNA, length of stay, and hospitalization expenses.The single factor analysis was performed to analyze the above data between 2 groups, and the data with statistical significance were analyzed by the multifactor Logistic regression.The recei-ver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predicting ability of the indicators for IM combined with pneumonia. Results: Among 923 cases, 133 cases(14.4%) EBV-IM patients were complicated with pneumonia.The findings of single factor analysis indicated that the risk factors were the duration of fever, the size of liver, the size of spleen, and the titer of MP antibody (all P<0.05). The multifactor Logistic regression showed that the duration of fever, the size of liver, the titer of MP antibody were the risk factors for EBV-IM children with pneumonia (P=0.013, 0.028, 0.014). The area under curve (AUC) of the duration of fever was 0.624, and the critical value was 7.5 d (P=0.000); the AUC of the size of liver was 0.590, and the critical value was 2.65 cm (P=0.003). Conclusions The incidence rate of EBV-IM children combined with pneumonia was high.With the presence of the titer of MP antibody ≥1∶160, the duration of fever≥7.5 days, and the size of liver>2.65 cm, it may be independent risk factors for pneumonia in IM children with EBV infection, which requires special attention clinically and earlier chest imageological examination are needed.