Probing into the methods and techniques of physician-patient communication is important to clinic medicine and medical education. Physician- patient shared decision is one of important aspects of physician-patient communication, 80 patients with hematologic malignancies were reviewed for classification of models of medical decision making, and the methods and techniques of physician-patient shared decision were also discussed .

Objective To investigate the role of thrombelastography(TEG) in assessing the risk of bleeding and diagnostic value in patients with acute leukemia(AL) .Methods The TEG and PLT data were counted in 127 patients(272 sets of data) who were diagnosed with AL .Those patients were divided into two groups :group 1 (including patients with bleeding) and group 2 (in‐cluding patients with no bleeding) .The indicators(R values ,K values ,α‐angle ,MA values)and PLT count were compared between two groups .Those data with PLT<30 × 109/L of these two groups also were divided and the 4 indicators of TEG were compared between the two groups .We used the ROC curve to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity in assessing the risk of bleeding .Results According to the data in total ,the K value ,R value of the group 1 were higher than those of the group 2(P<0 .05);theα‐angle and MA value ,PLT counts of group 1 were lower than those of the group 2(P<0 .05) .In those AL patients whose PLT<30 × 109/L ,the K value of the group 1 was higher than that of the group 2(P<0 .05);theα‐Angle and MA value of the group 1 were lower than those of the group 2(P<0 .05);R values and PLT count were not different between the two groups(P>0 .05);the are‐as under the ROC curve about the PLT counts ,MA value andα‐angle were more than 0 .5 (0 .750 ,0 .740 and 0 .653) .Conclusion T EG could predict the risk of bleeding in acute leukemia patients and it could be used in clinical application .

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of montelukast sodium combined with fluticasone propionate in treatment of children with cough variant asthma.Methods Two hundred and forty children diagnosed as cough variant asthma in our hospital during February 2013 to January 2015 were randomized into three groups.Children in group Mon + Flu were given montelukast sodium combined with inhaled fluticasone propionate,children in group Flu was given inhaled corticosteroids alone and children in group Mon was given montelukast sodium alone.Cough,lung function and adverse reactions were observed after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment and the recurrences of cough symptoms were followed up within 24 weeks.Results After 8 weeks of treatment,the score of cough in group Mon + Flu (1.1 ± 0.7) was lower than those in groups Flu (1.7 ±0.8) and Mon (1.6 ±0.8) (t =4.973,4.353,P ＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between group Flu and group Mon(t =0.560,P ＞ 0.05).Meantime,the percentage of predicted in FEV1 in group Mon+ Flu (93.4 ± 15.8) was significantly higher than those in group Flu (87.4 ± 11.0) and group Mon (86.5 ± 9.8) (t =2.804,3.315,P ＜ 0.05).The percentage of predicted in PEF in group Mon + Flu(89.8 ± 15.4)was significantly higher than those in group Flu(84.9 ± 13.4)and group Mon(85.1 ± 12.3) (t =2.126,2.124,P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference between latter two groups (t =0.525,0.082,P ＞ 0.05).After 12 weeks of treatment,there was no significant difference in scores of cough and percentage of predicted in FEV1 and PEF among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions among three groups (x2 =1.026,P ＞ 0.05).The recurrence rate of group Mon + Flu (3.85％) and group Flu(5.26％) were significantly lower than that of group Mon (17.33％) (x2 =7.428,5.505,P ＜ 0.05),while there was no difference between groups Mon + Flu and Flu (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions For children with cough variant asthma montelukast sodium combined with fluticasone propionate has better efficacy than monotherapy in 8 weeks of treatment,but there was no difference in 12 weeks of treatment.The recurrence rate in group Mon + Flu and group Flu is lower than that in group Mon.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for pneumonia in children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infectious mononucleosis(IM). Methods: The clinical data of children with EBV-IM from March 2015 to February 2018 in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into a pneumonia group and a non-pneumonia group.The difference between 2 groups was analyzed, including gender, age, duration of fever, the maximum temperature in disease duration, the size of liver, the size of spleen, tonsillopharyngitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, edema of the eyelids, white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, atypical-lymphocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), alanine transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminas (AST), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody, the titer of mycoplasma (MP) antibody, EBV DNA, length of stay, and hospitalization expenses.The single factor analysis was performed to analyze the above data between 2 groups, and the data with statistical significance were analyzed by the multifactor Logistic regression.The recei-ver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predicting ability of the indicators for IM combined with pneumonia. Results: Among 923 cases, 133 cases(14.4%) EBV-IM patients were complicated with pneumonia.The findings of single factor analysis indicated that the risk factors were the duration of fever, the size of liver, the size of spleen, and the titer of MP antibody (all P<0.05). The multifactor Logistic regression showed that the duration of fever, the size of liver, the titer of MP antibody were the risk factors for EBV-IM children with pneumonia (P=0.013, 0.028, 0.014). The area under curve (AUC) of the duration of fever was 0.624, and the critical value was 7.5 d (P=0.000); the AUC of the size of liver was 0.590, and the critical value was 2.65 cm (P=0.003). Conclusions The incidence rate of EBV-IM children combined with pneumonia was high.With the presence of the titer of MP antibody ≥1∶160, the duration of fever≥7.5 days, and the size of liver>2.65 cm, it may be independent risk factors for pneumonia in IM children with EBV infection, which requires special attention clinically and earlier chest imageological examination are needed.

Objective To study the application value of ultrasound(US) examination for evaluating the knee joint status in the patients with hemophilia.Methods The US examination data of 44 patients (70 knee joints) with hemophilia were collected,among them 11 cases aged below 18 years old,16 knee joints completed the MRI examination,meanwhile the knee joint health status was evaluated by adopting the 2.1 version of hemophilia joint health assessment (HJHS) form.Then the correlation between the US score with the age and bleeding times and the relation between MRI score with HJHS score were analyzed.Results The severity of hemophilia arthropathy had no obvious correlation with hemophilia severity (F=0.013,P =0.987).With the age increase and bleeding frequency increase,the knee joint lesion was aggravated.The detection of early synovial thickening and cartilage change in arthropathy had no obvious difference between US and MRI examinations(P＞0.05);the obvious correlation existed among US score,MRI score and HJHS (P＜0.05).Conclusion US has an important significance for the early diagnosis of hemophilic arthropathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies(DSA)and desensitization for DSA+patients on engraftment of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT).Methods The patients who underwent haplo-HSCT and examinations for HLA antibodies and DSA in our department from March 2017 to July 2023 were recruited in this study.The effects of desensitization measure on engraftment in the DSA+patients after haplo-HSCT were analyzed.Results Among the 70 patients who underwent haplo-HSCT and test for HLA antibodies,15(21.4％)patients were DSA positive,including 7(46.7％)cases of strong positive,3(20.0％)cases of moderate positive,and 5(33.3％)cases of weak positive.The median duration for neutrophil implantation was significantly extended in the DSA+patients than the negative patients(P=0.027).For the 6 patients developed graft failure(GF),4 were DSA+which was statistically higher than the DSA-patients(P=0.025).Multivariate regression analysis showed that DSA was an independent factor affecting GF(HR=9.273,95％CI:1.505～57.124,P=0.016).Among the 10 patients(7 strong positive and 3 moderate positive DSA)received desensitization therapy,4 patients received combination desensitization,with a 100％rate of successful transplantation,and 6 received single desensitization,with 4(66.7％)experiencing GF,so the GF rate was obviously lower in the combination than the single desensitization(P=0.008).Conclusion In haplo-HSCT patients,DSA is an important factor leading to implantation delay and GF.While,single desensitization treatment has limited efficacy.In combined DSA desensitization therapy,the decrease of antibody titer should be dynamically monitored to ensure the successful implantation of stem cells and reduce GF rate.

Objective: To summarize the measures and experience of treatment in mass extremely severe burn patients. Methods: The clinical data and treatment of 8 extremely severe burn patients in August 2 Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident who were admitted in the 100th Hospital of PLA on August 2nd, 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 4 females, aging 22-45 (34±7) years, with total burn area of 55%-98% [(89±15)%] total body surface area (TBSA) and full-thickness burn area of 45%-97% [(80±21)%] TBSA. All the 8 patients were accompanied with severe shock, inhalation injury, and blast injury. According to the requirements of former PLA General Logistics Department and Nanjing Military Command, a treatment team was set up including a special medical unit and a special care unit, with Chai Jiake from the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital as the team leader, Zheng Qingyi from the 175th Hospital of PLA (the Affiliated Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University) as the deputy leader, the 100th Hospital of PLA as the treatment base, and burn care, respiratory, nephrology, nursing specialists from the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, and the burn care experts and nursing staff from the 180th Hospital of PLA, 118th Hospital of PLA, 98th Hospital of PLA, and 175th Hospital of PLA, and nurses from the 85th Hospital of PLA, 455th Hospital of PLA, 101th Hospital of PLA, 113th Hospital of PLA as team members. Treatment strategies were adopted as unified coordination by the superior, unified responsibility of team leader, division of labor and cooperation between team members, and multidisciplinary cooperation led by department of burns. With exception of one patient who received deep vein catheterization before admission, the other 7 patients were treated with deep vein catheterization 0.5 to 3.0 hours after admission to correct hypovolemic shock as soon as possible. Eight patients received tracheotomy, and 7 patients were treated with mechanical ventilation by ventilator in protective ventilation strategy with low tide volume and low volume pressure to assist breathing. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was done one to three times for all the 8 patients to confirm airway injuries and healing status. Escharectomy and Meek dermatoplasty in the extremities of all the 8 patients were performed 3 to 6 days after injury for the first time. Escharectomy, microskin grafting, and covering of large pieces of allogeneic skin on the trunks of 4 patients were performed 11 to 16 days after injury for the second time. The broad-spectrum antibiotics were uniformly used at first time of anti-infective therapy, and then the antibiotics species were adjusted in time. The balance of internal environment was maintained and the visceral functions were protected. One special care unit was on responsibility of only one patient. Psychological intervention was performed on admission. The rehabilitative treatment was started at early stage and in company with the whole treatment. Results: Acute renal injury occurred in 5 patients within 36 hours after injury and their renal function was restored to normal 4 days after injury due to active adjustment of fluid resuscitation program. No pulmonary complications, such as severe pulmonary infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia, occurred in the survived patients. One of the 8 patients died, and the other 7 patients were cured successfully. The wounds were basically healed in 2 patients in 26 or 27 days by 2 or 3 times of operation, and in 5 patients by 4 or 5 times of operation. The basic wound healing time was 26-64 (48±15) days for all the 7 patients. Conclusions Treatment strategies of unified coordination by the superior, unified responsibility of team leader, division of labor and cooperation between team members, and multidisciplinary cooperation led by department of burns are the bases to successful treatment. Correcting shock as soon as possible is the prerequisite and closing wound as soon as possible is the key to successful treatment. Comprehensive treatment measures, such as maintaining and regulating the function of viscera, improving the body immunity, and preventing and treating the complications, are the important components to successful treatment. It is emphasized that in the treatment of mass extremely severe burn patients, specialist burn treatment should always be in the dominant position, and other related disciplines may play a part in auxiliary function.

The patient, male, 1 year, was admitted to our hospital with cardiac murmur. Cardiac ultrasonography showed "complete atrioventricular septal defect (C-AVSD), secondary orifice atrial septal defect (ASD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), left superior vena cava, and pulmonary hypertension". The patient got follow-up at the age of 3, 6, 9 months and 1 year, with no feeding difficulties, no obvious underdevelopment and no history of repeated respiratory infections. Cardiac ultrasonography showed that the ventricular septal defect (VSD) healed spontaneously at 9 months of age. At 1 year of age, he was admitted to the hospital with "partial atrioventricular septal defect (P-AVSD)" and accepted surgery. Intraoperative exploration showed that the primary orifice ASD was 12 mm, the atrioventricular valve was divided into two groups, and the left atrioventricular valve had three leaflets: anterior, posterior, and lateral one. A cleft was between the anterior and posterior leaflets. The annulus was not enlarged with diameter of 13 mm. The right atrioventricular valve developed well, with fibrous hyperplasia and adhesion under the septal valve. No VSD was seen. The cleft was sutured intermittently. Autologous pericardial patch was used to repair the primary orifice ASD, and the coronary sinus was separated into the right atrium. Self-healing of VSD patients with C-AVSD is very rare, suggesting that patients with C-AVSD with normal range of development, and without obvious clinical symptoms and secondary damage, should be followed up and accept elective surgery in clinical practice.