Objective To study the difference between ultrasound contrast and conventional ultrasound guided superficial lymph node biopsy.Methods The patients who received superficial lymph node biopsy were randomly divided into observation group (40 cases)and control group (40 cases),the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group.In the control group,conventional ultrasound was used to guide.Patients in the observation group were guided by ultrasound contrast.Specimens of pathological satisfaction rate,diagnostic accu-racy rate and the recovery rate of patients between two groups were compared.Results The pathological satisfaction rate of the control group was 83.2%,the observation group was 96.9%,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2 =3.95,P <0.05).The diagnostic accuracy rate of the control group was 82.5%,the observation group was 95.0%,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2 =4.26,P <0.05).The recovery rate of the control group was 87.5%,and the recovery rate was 97.5% in the observation group, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =6.71,P <0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional ultra-sound,ultrasound imaging has a greater advantage in guiding superficial lymph node biopsy.

Objective To observe the effects of Huangqi injection associated with a combined treatment on changes of hemodynamics indexes and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rabbit models with cardiac arrest (CA) to elucidate the mechanism of such cardiac protective effects. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups(each,n=6). The CPR model in rabbits was reproduced by using extra-corporal electric shock method(put through 50 V alternating current to quiver on chest). The animals in operation control group were given anesthesia,all kinds of catheter inserted into the body and tracheotomy,but no induction of ventricular fibrillation. In the epinephrine group,epinephrine (30 μg/kg)was injected into the right jugular vein by a catheter during CPR. In the sub-hypothermia group, epinephrine(30μg/kg)was injected into the right jugular vein via a catheter and 0.9%sodium chloride under 4℃at a rate of 1.0 mL · kg-1 · min-1 was pumped into the ear marginal vein simultaneously with the chest external compressions during CPR and the cooling of body surface sustaining at the target temperature (32-34℃) for 4 hours until the end of the experiment. In the combined treatment group,Huangqi injection(4 g/kg)was injected into the right jugular vein on the basis of treatment of sub-hypothermia group. Hemodynamics indexes such as left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP),the maximal rate of left ventricular pressure increase/decline(±dp/dt max),and the mean arterial pressure(MAP)were dynamically monitored at 15 minutes before inducing ventricular fibrillation and at the early stage of post resuscitation for 30,60,120,180,240 minutes,and in the mean time the concentration of BNP was dynamically monitored at 15 minutes before inducing ventricular fibrillation and at the early stage of post resuscitation for 30,180,240 minutes. Results Compared with those of the operation control group,the levels of LVEDP and BNP of epinephrine,sub-hypothermia and combined treatment groups were gradually increased obviously,while ±dp/dt max and MAP were decreased significantly after successful CPR. The levels of LVEDP and BNP at any time point in the combined treatment group were markedly less than those of the epinephrine and sub-hypothermia groups,and along with the time extension,the level of LVEDP had a tendency of elevation,and the level of BNP had a tendency of gradual decrease,reaching peak and valley values respectively at 240 minutes after CPR〔LVEDP (mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):6.56±0.21 vs. 12.57±0.33,9.54±0.24,BNP(ng/L):199±19 vs. 286±14, 251±29,all P<0.01〕,at each time point,the ±dp/dt max and MAP levels were significantly higher than those in epinephrine and sub-hypothermia groups,and they were gradually decreased with the time prolongation,reaching valley values at 240 minutes after CPR〔+dp/dt max(mmHg/ms):4 229±353 vs. 2 055±311,3 224±158,-dp/dt max(mmHg/ms):3 587±168 vs. 1 315±189,2 357±245,MAP(mmHg):82.02±1.81 vs. 44.15±1.17, 56.79±1.60,all P<0.01〕. Conclusion Huangqi injection associated with a combined treatment has obvious protective effects on heart after CPR in rabbits,and the mechanism may be related to improvement of hemodynamics indexes and inhibition of excessive expression of BNP.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the absorbability polyvinylidene chloride(PVC) infusion vessel to ciclosporin.METHODS:The concentration of ciclosporin was determined by HPLC after storing in the PVC infusion packages or glass bottle for different period of time and its change was investigated as well.RESULTS:The adsorption rate of PVC infusion vessel to ciclosporin increased time-dependently,with a peak value of 38.66% at 12 h,which was significant as compared with glass infusion bottle at the same time.CONCLUSION:The PVC infusion package has stronger absorbability to ciclosporin,thus its use should be avoided if possible.

Objective To understand the adherence to current treatment guidelines after training in man-agement of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in emergency department (ED),and to assess the patients' prognosis. Methods Were ED doctors trained with a standard management flow-sheet for AECOPD. The treatment of 152 AECOPD patients recruited from November 1,2008 to April 30,2009 in our hospital and their prognosis were compared to those of 133 AECOPD patients who were treated between Novem-ber 1,0007 to April 30,2008. Results After training, the ED doctors' management of AECOPD is more standard. The rate of the combination of inhaled anticholinergics and short-acting β_2-agonists was increased from 12.0% (16/133) to 27.6% (42/152), the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids was increased from 52.6% (70/133) to 88.8% (135/152), and the early use of noninvasive imermittent positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV) for the mod-erate to severe was increased from 10.5% (14/133) to 16.4% (25/152). The use of theophylline was decreased from 69.2% (92/133) to 49.3% (75/152). The in-ED mortality rate was decreased from 15.8% (21/133) to 12.5% (19/152). All the difference were significant (P< 0.05). The rate of inhaled β_2-agonists was increased from 78.2% (104/133) to 82.9% (126/152), the use of systemic glucocorticosteroids was decreased from 63.2% (84/133) to 56.6% (86/152),the use of antibiotics was increased from 88.0% (117/133) to 92.8% (141/152), and the use of invasive mechanical ventilation was increased from 14.3% (19/133) to 15.1% (23/152) ,the in-hos-pital mortality rate was decreased from 6.0% (8/133) to 5.3% (8/152), the average days in hospital was decreased from 13.3 to 12.4 days, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions There are still some differences exist between guideline recommendations and actual ED management of AECOPD. After training ED doctora with a standard flow-sheet, their management of AECOPD is improved. The rate of the combination of inhaled anticholinergics and short-acting β_2-agonists, use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids, and early use of NIPPV is increased. The use of theophylline and the in-ED mortality rate is decreased.

Objective To investigate the forearm flap personalized design method and the curative effect in repairing maxillofacial defects.Methods From March,2011 to September,2015,16 cases with oral maxillofacial tumor and facial tissue defect were treated.There were 8 males and 8 females with an age range of 41-70 years (mean,54 years).According to the shape and size of the defect after tumor resection in each patient,the forearm flap was designed to repair the defect.The effectiveness was evaluated after operation by observing the survival of the forearm flap transplantation,the patient's facial appearance,the functions of speech,swallowing.Results The incision healed by first intention in this group,16 cases of forearm flap survived.All cases were followed-up 8-36 months without tumor recurrence.The functions of speech,swallowing were basically normal.The facial appearance was satisfactory.The patients were satisfied with their appearance and functional recovery after operation.Conclusion Take personal way of forearm flap design according to maxillofacial soft tissue defect,can restore the maximum facial appearance and function of patients,improve the quality of life of patients after surgery to repair,can obtain satisfactory results.

To arouse students’autonomous study,a reform was carried out in experimen- tal teaching of preventive medicine. Taking exploratory experiment as a cut-in point,students were free to choose subjects,design blueprint,do spot research and compose papers etc.,which efficiently inspired students’learning interest and exploring spirit,cultivated their creative think-ing and researching ability.

Objective To investigate the outcome of free posterolateral leg perforator flap in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects of oral and maxillofacial area.Methods From February,2014 to August,2016,16 patients were performed defect reconstruction following oral cancer ablation with free posterolateral leg perforator flap including 3 cases of sequamous cell carcinoma of the tongue,6 cases of carcinoma of the buccal mucosa,7 cases of sequamouse cell carcinoma of the floor of mouth.The flap ranged from 5.0 cm×3.0 cm to 13.0 cm ×9.0 cm in size,and were adjected to the soft tissue defects of oral and maxillofacial area.The outcome of reconstruction was evaluated by considering the facial appearance,the swallowing and the speach function,the ranges of mouth opening and patient prognosis.Results All 15 transplanted flaps survived well and only 1 survived after disposing in time,because of vascular crisis.The donor sites were closed directly without donor-site morbidity.All patients were satisfactory with their facial appearance,the ranges of mouth opening and swallowing and speech function.Conclusion The free posterolateral leg perforator was an ideal free tissue for repairing functionally oral and maxillofacial defects,sinceit including some beneficial characteristic such as constant blood vessel,flexible and divese design,abundant and position-latent donor site tissues,small operation loss,flexible preparation and loss of major vascular nerves.

Objective To investigate the compliableness and cardiac rehabilitation effect of application of the Android‐based cardiac rehabilitation risk assessment simulative software in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods A total of 150 discharge patients with CHD treated in the cardiology department of multiple hospitals in Guangzhou City from December 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the research subjects and divided into the observation group for applying the Android‐based car‐diac rehabilitation risk assessment software and control group according to the random number table ,75 cases in each group .The compliableness and cardiac rehabilitation effect after this software out‐of‐hospital application in the CHD patients were observed . Results Among 150 cases ,141 cases continued to follow up ,the follow up rate was 94 .0% ,including 72 cases in the observation group and 69 cases in the control group ,the re‐hospitalization rate and the standard‐reaching rate of blood pressure ,blood glucose and blood lipid in the observation group were superior to those in the control group with statistical difference (P<0 .05);the com‐pliableness of behaviors following doctor′s advice and comprehensive evaluation of living quality in the observation group were su‐perior to those in the control group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The application of the Android‐based cardiac rehabilitation risk assessment software is an effective measure for out‐of‐hospital cardiac rehabilitation , which can increase the compliableness of cardiac rehabilitation in the CHD patients .

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients with secretory otitis media. METHODS:HPLC was used. The samples were pretreated by liquid-liquid extraction. It was performed on the column of Hypersil CN with mobile phase of acetoneitril-methanol-phosphoric acid (100∶10∶0.6,V/V/V)at the flow rate of 1.8 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 205 nm,temperature was 30 ℃ and volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:The lin-ear range of phosphatidylcholine was 11.99-119.9 μg/ml(r=0.999 6);RSDs of precision tests of intra-day and inter-day were no more than 15%;average recovery was 97.54%(RSD=9.36%,n=9);the average content of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients was(24.43±3.61)μg/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for the content determination of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients with secretory otitis media.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electrolytes on the stability of fat emulsion in ALL IN ONE.METHODS: The size of fat emulsion particulates was observed under microscope in 400 - fold magnification.The oil - water demixing was observed with naked eye.RESULTS:The higher the concentration of electrolytes,the stronger the influence on the fat emulsion particulates aggregation and the easier the oil - water demixing appeared.The influence of bivalent ions was stronger than that of monovalent ones.The longer the mixture stored the stronger the influence.CONCLUSION:In order to keep the stability of ALL IN ONE,the concentrations of electrolytes should not be too high,and ALL IN ONE must be used up in 24 hours.