Hemodialysis patients exhibit compromised immune function and require long-term repeated vascular punctures as therapeutic approach,the risk of infection increases.Hospital-associated infection in hemodialysis de-partment(center)happens from time to time,which has already become a concern for the medical community,patients and social media.This paper outlines the task origin of China's"Standard for infection prevention and control in hemodialysis department(center)"(WS/T854-2025),the compilation basis and explanations for its key content,feasibility and implementation recommendations,as well as the clarifications on common issues encoun-tered during its promotion and enforcement.

Hemodialysis patients exhibit compromised immune function and require long-term repeated vascular punctures as therapeutic approach,the risk of infection increases.Hospital-associated infection in hemodialysis de-partment(center)happens from time to time,which has already become a concern for the medical community,patients and social media.This paper outlines the task origin of China's"Standard for infection prevention and control in hemodialysis department(center)"(WS/T854-2025),the compilation basis and explanations for its key content,feasibility and implementation recommendations,as well as the clarifications on common issues encoun-tered during its promotion and enforcement.

Objective:To explore the application effectiveness of the large language model DeepSeek in the cultivation of clinical thinking skills for medical laboratory technology students.Methods:A non-randomized controlled study was conducted. In the 2024-2025 academic year, two classes of second-year medical laboratory technology students from Hubei University of Chinese Medicine were selected and divided into a DeepSeek-assisted teaching group (Class A, n=53) and a traditional teaching control group (Class B, n=53), totaling 106 students. Both groups followed a 20-week problem-based learning (PBL) framework with identical teaching content, instructors, and class hours. Class A utilized DeepSeek via the"Learning Pass AI"platform for case diagnosis reasoning, prompt construction training, test plan formulation, and result analysis, while Class B received traditional PBL instruction. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre-and post-teaching scores in clinical thinking skills, AI interaction literacy, and prompt construction in Class A. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square ( χ2) tests were used to evaluate differences in case reasoning scores, etiology analysis accuracy, and teaching satisfaction between groups. Structured questionnaires supplemented the evaluation of model-assisted teaching processes. Results:The comparison of pre-and post-teaching scores in Class A showed that post-teaching scores significantly improved in clinical thinking skills[(4.02±0.45) points vs. (3.09±0.50) points, t=2.23)] and AI interaction literacy [(4.62±0.41) points vs. (3.27±0.54) points, t=2.18]. Compared to Class B, Class A demonstrated superior performance in case reasoning scores [(81.1±3.8) points vs.(74.3±4.2) points, t=8.97], etiology analysis accuracy [94.3% (50/53) vs. 81.1% (43/53), χ2=4.29], and teaching satisfaction [(95.6±3.2)points vs. (82.6±4.8) points, t=11.86] ( P<0.05). The results of questionnaires indicated that during model application, the prompt construction improved in logic [(2.85±0.58) points to (4.25±0.50) points, t=14.23, P<0.01] and innovation [(2.60±0.53) points to (4.05±0.46) points, t=11.57, P<0.05], but question clarity (77.4%, 41/53) and medical terminology accuracy (43.4%, 23/53) remained primary shortcomings. Conclusion:Integrating large language models into AI-teacher collaborative learning pathways can effectively promote students′ autonomous inquiry and clinical reasoning skills, thereby enhancing medical laboratory technology students′ clinical thinking skills.

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture (ASOTLF) can lead to chronic low back pain, kyphosis deformity, pulmonary dysfunction, loss of mobility, and even life-threatening complications. Vertebral augmentation is currently the mainstream treatment method for this condition. In 2019, the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma and the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association collaboratively led the development of Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation for acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. Six years later, with advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques as well as accumulating evidence in related fields, the 2019 guideline requires updating. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the Spinal Health Professional Committee of China Human Health Science and Technology Promotion Association, and the Minimally Invasive Orthopedics Professional Committee of Shaanxi Medical Doctor Association have organized experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation of acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025) , based on the latest evidence-based medical researches. This guideline incorporates 3 recommendations retained from the 2019 version with updated strength of evidence, along with 12 new recommendations. It provides recommendations from six aspects of diagnosis, pain management, treatment option selection, prevention of postoperative complications, anti-osteoporosis therapy, and postoperative rehabilitation, aiming to provide a reference for standard treatment of vertebral augmentation for ASOTLF in hospitals at all levels.

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture (ASOTLF) can lead to chronic low back pain, kyphosis deformity, pulmonary dysfunction, loss of mobility, and even life-threatening complications. Vertebral augmentation is currently the mainstream treatment method for this condition. In 2019, the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma and the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association collaboratively led the development of Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation for acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. Six years later, with advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques as well as accumulating evidence in related fields, the 2019 guideline requires updating. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the Spinal Health Professional Committee of China Human Health Science and Technology Promotion Association, and the Minimally Invasive Orthopedics Professional Committee of Shaanxi Medical Doctor Association have organized experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation of acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025) , based on the latest evidence-based medical researches. This guideline incorporates 3 recommendations retained from the 2019 version with updated strength of evidence, along with 12 new recommendations. It provides recommendations from six aspects of diagnosis, pain management, treatment option selection, prevention of postoperative complications, anti-osteoporosis therapy, and postoperative rehabilitation, aiming to provide a reference for standard treatment of vertebral augmentation for ASOTLF in hospitals at all levels.

Objective:To explore the application effectiveness of the large language model DeepSeek in the cultivation of clinical thinking skills for medical laboratory technology students.Methods:A non-randomized controlled study was conducted. In the 2024-2025 academic year, two classes of second-year medical laboratory technology students from Hubei University of Chinese Medicine were selected and divided into a DeepSeek-assisted teaching group (Class A, n=53) and a traditional teaching control group (Class B, n=53), totaling 106 students. Both groups followed a 20-week problem-based learning (PBL) framework with identical teaching content, instructors, and class hours. Class A utilized DeepSeek via the"Learning Pass AI"platform for case diagnosis reasoning, prompt construction training, test plan formulation, and result analysis, while Class B received traditional PBL instruction. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre-and post-teaching scores in clinical thinking skills, AI interaction literacy, and prompt construction in Class A. Independent samples t-tests and chi-square ( χ2) tests were used to evaluate differences in case reasoning scores, etiology analysis accuracy, and teaching satisfaction between groups. Structured questionnaires supplemented the evaluation of model-assisted teaching processes. Results:The comparison of pre-and post-teaching scores in Class A showed that post-teaching scores significantly improved in clinical thinking skills[(4.02±0.45) points vs. (3.09±0.50) points, t=2.23)] and AI interaction literacy [(4.62±0.41) points vs. (3.27±0.54) points, t=2.18]. Compared to Class B, Class A demonstrated superior performance in case reasoning scores [(81.1±3.8) points vs.(74.3±4.2) points, t=8.97], etiology analysis accuracy [94.3% (50/53) vs. 81.1% (43/53), χ2=4.29], and teaching satisfaction [(95.6±3.2)points vs. (82.6±4.8) points, t=11.86] ( P<0.05). The results of questionnaires indicated that during model application, the prompt construction improved in logic [(2.85±0.58) points to (4.25±0.50) points, t=14.23, P<0.01] and innovation [(2.60±0.53) points to (4.05±0.46) points, t=11.57, P<0.05], but question clarity (77.4%, 41/53) and medical terminology accuracy (43.4%, 23/53) remained primary shortcomings. Conclusion:Integrating large language models into AI-teacher collaborative learning pathways can effectively promote students′ autonomous inquiry and clinical reasoning skills, thereby enhancing medical laboratory technology students′ clinical thinking skills.

OBJECTIVE To explore the molecular mechanism of Compound Dihuang Granule in treating Parkinson's disease(PD)with yin-deficiency and dynamic wind syndrome by regulating the changes of ubiquitin-proteasome system-related proteins.METHODS SPF male SD rats were randomly selected as normal control group and sham operation group,13 rats in each group.The remaining rats were treated with 6-hydroxydopamine lateral brain injection to damage the substantia nigra to establish PD yin-deficien-cy and dynamic wind syndrome rat model.The established rats were randomly divided into model group,madopar group(150 mg·kg-1),low,medium and high dose groups of Compound Dihuang Granule(1.75,3.5,7 g·kg-1),13 rats in each group.Each group was given drugs by intragastric gavage for 28 d.The general conditions and neurobehavioral manifestations of the rats were observed;the expression of ubiquitin(UB),ubiquitin activating enzyme(UBE1),ubiquitin conjugating enzyme(UBE2A)and ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase(UCH-L1)positive cells,protein and mRNA expression levels in the damaged lateral stria-tum of the brain of rats were detected by immunohistochemistry,Western blot and qPCR methods;changes of dopamine(DA)content in the damaged lateral striatum of the brain of rats were detected by ELISA.RESULTS There was no significant difference in general conditions between the normal control group and the sham operation group,and there was no significant difference in the number of ro-tations,suspension time and number of moving grids.Compared to the sham-op group,the model group rats showed poor spirit,irrita-bility,limb tremor,slow movement,dark yellow fur,less food intake,reduced body weight;the modeling increased number of rota-tions,decreased hanging time and number of moving grids(P<0.01),significantly decreased expression of UB,UBE1,UBE2A,and UCH-L1 positive cells,mRNA and protein expression levels in the damaged lateral striatum(P<0.01),and significantly decreased DA content(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the general condition of the rats in the madopar group and Compound Di-huang Granule groups was improved,the number of rotations was reduced,the hanging time and number of moving grids were increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the expression of UB,UBE1,UBE2A,and UCH-L1 positive cells,mRNA and protein expression levels were increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the DA content was increased(P<0.01);behavioral tests and the expression levels of various in-dicators were most significantly improved in the madopar group and the high-dose Compound Dihuang Granule group(P<0.05,P<0.01),and there was no statistical significance between the two groups.CONCLUSION Compound Dihuang Granule may play a role in treating PD yin-deficiency and dynamic wind syndrome by regulating the expression of ubiquitin-proteasome system-related proteins,reducing abnormal protein aggregation,and thus alleviating DA content deficiency,and the high-dose Compound Dihuang Granule has the best effect.

Objective To observe the effects of compound Dihuang Granules on striatum PINK1,Parkin and α-syn in rats with Parkinson disease yin-deficiency and wind movement syndrome;To explore the mechanism of compound Dihuang Granules in the treatment of Parkinson disease yin-deficiency and wind movement syndrome.Methods 6-hydroxydopamine was injected into the substantia nigra of the midbrain to prepare the model of PD yin-deficiency and wind movement syndrome.Totally 65 model rats were randomly divided into model group,Madopar(150 mg/kg)group,and TCM low-,medium-,and high-dosage(1.75,3.5,7 g/kg)groups.Another 26 rats were divided into normal control group and sham-operation group,with 13 rats in each group.Each administration group was given corresponding medication solution by gavage,the normal control group,sham-operation group and the model group were given equivalent volume of normal saline,once a day for 28 consecutive days.The behavioral changes of rats were detected,ELISA and biochemical assay kits were used to detect ATP content and COX Ⅳactivity in striatum,HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of the striatum,immunohistochemistry staining,Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of PINK1,Parkin,α-syn protein and mRNA in striatal tissue.Results Compared with the normal control group and the sham-operation group,the rats in the model group showed increased number of rotations and pole climbing time,decreased swimming score(P<0.01),the ATP content and COX Ⅳ activity in striatum tissue decreased(P<0.01),with disordered arrangement and reduced number of neurons,cell swelling,partial nuclear shrinkage,formation of vacuoles,and blurred boundaries,the expressions of PINK1,Parkin protein and mRNA in striatal tissue decreased(P<0.01),and the expressions of α-syn protein and mRNA increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the number of rotations and pole climbing time of rats in each medication group decreased,swimming scores increased(P<0.01),ATP content and COX Ⅳ activity in striatal tissue increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the number of neurons increased,the arrangement tended to be neat,and the morphology improved,the expressions of PINK1,Parkin protein and mRNA in striatal tissue increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the expressions of α-syn protein and mRNA decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).The improvement was most significant in the Medopar group and TCM high-dosage group(P<0.05,P<0.01),and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05),and TCM groups showed dosage dependence(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Compound Dihuang Granules can improve the behavioral symptoms of Parkinson disease yin-deficiency and wind movement syndrome,possibly by regulating the expressions of PINK1,Parkin and α-syn in the striatum tissue,thereby alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction,protecting dopaminergic neurons,and playing a role in treating Parkinson disease.