Objective To explore the condition of MYC/BCL2 protein coexpression in 245 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)and to find the correlations among MYC/BCL2 protein coexpres-sion,the germinal center B-cell-like (GCB)subtype and non-GCB subtype.Methods Paraffin-embedded lymphoma samples from 245 patients with DLBCL were studied using immunohistochemistry for MYC,BCL2, CD10,BCL6,MUM1 and KI67.And the protein expressions of them were analyzed.Results In the speci-mens of 245 patients with DLBCL,the patients with non-GCB were 163 (66.5%),and the patients with GCB were 82 (33.5%).The group of MYC/BCL2 protein coexpression comprised 35.9% (88/246)of the all patients.Non-GCB subtype group had a significantly higher frequency of MYC/BCL2 protein coexpression than the GCB subtype group (41.7%∶24.4%;χ2 =7.116,P=0.008).Conclusion The data shows that MYC/BCL2 protein coexpression occurs significantly more commonly in the non-GCB subtype.We can predict prog-nosis and choose therapeutic regimen base on the assessment for MYC and BCL2 protein expression.

Objective Using rutin as the model drug to prepare floating alginate-chitosan microcapsule and investigate the feasibility of this pulsatile drug delivery system applied in Chinese materia medica.Methods By means of complex coacervation to prepare alginate-chitosan microcapsule and foaming agent to turn the microcapsule into gastric floating system and to investigate the release profile of the microcapsule in vitro and the influence of gas forming agent to the lag-time of the microcapsule.Results In vitro release,the microcapsule responded to the change of pH value and the release profile showed "S" profile,the lag-time increased from 3 h to 6 h as the quantity of gas forming agent with the dosage of foamer increased.Conclusion Floating alginate-chitosan microcapsule is suitable to be applied in pulsatile drug delivery system of Chinese materia medica with the desirable entrapment efficiency.

Objective:To explore the expressions of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)and its synthases cystathionine beta synthase (CBS)and cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE)in the cell lines of normal bladder and bladder cancer,and to clarify their mechanism in the development of bladder cancer.Methods:The bladder cancer cell lines (5637,T24,UM-UC-3,EJ)and human bladder epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 were selected.The expressions of CBS and CSE in bladder cancer and normal cell lines were analyzed by Western blotting assay and the productivities of H2 S in cell lines were detected by sensitive sulphur electrode assay.The EJ cells were selected based on the previous experimental results and divided into groups as follows:① 10 μmol· L-1 NaHS group, 50 μmol·L-1 NaHS group,100 μmol·L-1 NaHS group and control group.After drug treatment,the cell survival rate was measured by MTT assay at 24 and 48 h.② 5 μg·L-1 cisplatin group,cisplatin (5 μg·L-1 )+ NaHS (100 μmol·L-1 )group and control group.After medicine treatment,the cell survival rate was measured by MTT assay and the cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry at 48 h. Results:Compared with the normal bladder cells (SV-HUC-1),the expression levels of CBS and CSE and the productivity of H2 S in the bladder cancer cell lines (5637,T24,UM-UC-3 and EJ)were increased obviously (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Compared with control group,exogenous H2 S promoted the cell proliferation of EJ cells.The cell survival rates were increased with the increase of drug dose (P <0.05),which showed a dose-dependent effect.The cell survival rates were increased with the prolongation of time (P <0.05),which showed a time-dependent effect.After medicine treatment,compared with cisplatin group,the cell viability in cisplatin+NaHS group was increased (P <0.05)and the apoptotic rate was decreased (P <0.05).Conclusion:Endogenous H2 S and its synthases CBS and CSE have an increased expression level in bladder cancer cell lines compared with the normal bladder cells.H2 S can enhance the proliferation of bladder cancer cells and decrease the apoptosis induced by cisplatin.

Objective:To construct the rat models of orthotopic bladder cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU),and to evaluate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)in the noninvasive diagnosis of the bladder cancer model.Methods:Sixty femail SD rats were divided into experiment group (n=45)and control group (n=15).The rats experiment group were induced with MNU (2 mg per rat)by intravesical administration every other week,for 4 times.Meantime,the rats in control group were treated with normal saline (0.2 mL per rat)by intravesical administration.At the end of the 14th week,all rats were examined by MRI and the pathological changes of bladder tissue were detected.Results:In experiment group,43 rats were alived and 2 rats were died at the end of the 14th week;the survial rate was 95.6% and the death rate was 4.4%;the abnormal signals were found in each of 43 rats by MRI which manifested as bladder tumor, and the same results were identified by pathology;the tumor formation rate was 100%.In control group,14 rats were alived and 1 rat was died at the end of the 14th week;the survival rate was 93.3%,and the death rate was 6.7%;there was no abnormal signal in the MRI examination and no bladder cancer in the pathological examination;the tumor formation rate was 0.The tumor formation rates of bladder cancer of the rats in two groups had significant difference (P <0.05),and the death rate had no significant difference (P >0.05).Conclusion:The method to establish the rat models of orthotopic bladder cancer induced by MNU is simple and reliable;the results of MRI are consistent with the pathological results and MRI examination is a reliable diagnostic method concerning this model.

The method for detecting the negative terms in Chinese electronic medical record (EMR) is useful in providing evidence for constructing concept index. In this respect, we adopted an improved method which combined maximum matching with mutual information in order to extract terms in EMRs. This method can overcome the influence of overlay ambiguity. In addition, for the determination of negative semantic, we also adopted an improved method which combined rule-based method with word co-occurrence. This new method can reduce the probability of appearance of false positive terms caused by punctuation input errors. The result showed that the negative predictive value is 7.85% higher than the rule-based method.
China ; Electronic Health Records ; Probability ; Semantics ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To develop an ideal substitution material for bladder defect ,which can reduce serious complications of urinary intestinal diversion ,we establish experimental rabbit model of reconstruction the new bladder by ileal seromuscular with transplantation of autologous peritoneum .This animal research provides the basical ground for the experimental model and further clinical application of replacement bladder .Methods Randomly ,seven experimental female rabbits were chosen ,and their body weight was 4 .0-5 .0 kg .By intravenous anesthesia ,the bladder substitute operation was carried out (to transplant the peritoneum to an ileum segment which mucosa had been removed .These flaps were used to mend and reconstruct the bladder by composite cys‐toplasty) .Animals were euthanized at 4 ,8 weeks for routine pathology and immunohistochemistry .Results Seven rabbits under‐went reconstruction ,but three were lost to complications .The length of ileum was 4 .0 cm ,and the area of substitute peritoneum was 4 .0 cm × 2 .5 cm .Voiding behaviour was normal ,and urine was clear in the remainder .At autopsy ,reconstructed bladders were healthy .Pathological examination showed that the technique was successful in creating seromuscular segments with no epithelial remnants .When applied surgically ,the seromuscular flaps with peritoneum survived at 4 weeks and the peritoneum was substituted by transitional epithelium at 8 weeks .Conclusion In this experimental rabbit model ,reconstruction bladder by autologous peritone‐um and seromuscular segment is an ideal approach for which can prevent regrowth by ileal epithelial cells and overcome the compli‐cations of conventional enterocystoplasty .Voiding behaviour is normal in the remainder .This animal study provides the basical ground for the large experimental model and further clinical application of the new enterocysplasty .

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Polygala telephioides.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified on macroporous resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Chromatorex ODS column chromatograph and the structures were determined based on the spectral and chemical evidences.

RESULTFour compounds were obtained and characterized as telephiose G, telephiose D, isomangiferin, quescetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 2-4 were obtained from this plant for the first time and the compound 2 (telephiose G) was a new compound.

1-Deoxynojirimycin ; isolation & purification ; Dextrans ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Polygala ; chemistry ; Silica Gel ; Silicon Dioxide ; isolation & purification ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Xanthones ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical significance of vasohibin-1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A) and microvessel density (MVD).

METHODSTumor tissues and paired adjacent normal tissue (distance to cancer >5 cm) from 60 colorectal cancer patients undergoing resection in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from June 2013 to November 2013 were included in this study. The protein expressions of vasohibin-1, VEGF-A and MVD were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expressions of vasohibin-1 and VEGF-A were detected by RT-PCR. The protein expressions of vasohibin-1 and VEGF-A were observed by Western blot. Correlation among parameters was examined.

RESULTSVasohibin-1 expression was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and endothelial cells. VEGF-A expression was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and membrane of tumor cells. The expressions of vasohibin-1, VEGF-A and MVD in colorectal tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in corresponding adjacent tissues [43.3% (26/60) vs. 16.7% (10/60), 51.7%(31/60) vs. 18.3% (11/60), (39.67 ± 16.80)/mm² vs. (17.85 ± 6.43)/mm², all P<0.05]. Higher vasohibin-1 expression was significantly associated with TNM stage and metastasis (P<0.05). Vasohibin-1 expression was positively correlated with VEGF-A and MVD (r=0.378, 0.628, all P<0.05). Vasohibin-1 and VEGF-A mRNA expressions and protein expressions in colorectal cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in corresponding adjacent tissues (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONVasohibin-1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues is significantly higher as compared to corresponding adjacent tissues. Vasohibin-1 expression is positively correlated to VEGF-A and MVD, and associated to TNM stage and metastasis. Positive vasohibin-1 expression indicates a poor prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.

Cell Cycle Proteins ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Microvessels ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Prognosis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effect of graciloplasty using two different gracilis encircled loops and to research the better method for the treatment of fecal incontinence after anoplasty for imperforate anus.

METHODSClinical data of 38 incontinence patients with congenital anal malformation undergoing graciloplasty in our hospitals from January 2009 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty patients received the modified surgery in which the gracilis muscle was transposed anticlockwise into a circum-anal tunnel with a U-loop and its tendon secured to the ipsilateral pectineal ligament. Eighteen patients received the traditional surgery in which the gracilis muscle was wrapped clockwise around the anus with a γ-loop and its tendon secured to the contralateral periosteum of ischial tuberosity or pectineal ligament. All the patients were evaluated via Wexner score and anal manometry before surgery and 2 weeks, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery. In addition, it was assessed whether the patients had difficulty defecating while squatting after surgery.

RESULTSGeneralized estimating equations showed that the Wexner score in two groups gradually decreased after surgery (P=0.000), but there was no significant difference between two groups (P=0.554). At 2 weeks, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery, there were respectively 4 cases (20.0%), 3 cases (15.0%), 2 cases (10.0%), 1 case (5.0%), who showed squatting difficult defecation in the U-loop group, and 10 cases (55.6%), 12 cases (66.7%), 10 cases (55.6%), 8 cases (44.4%) in the γ-loop group. The probability of squatting difficult defecation in U-loop group was significantly lower compared to γ-loop group (P=0.002), but the probability of squatting difficult defecation in two groups did not obviously change with time (P=0.057). Repeated measures ANOVA showed that anal resting pressure, anal maximal squeeze pressure, duration of anal squeeze, and rectal maximum tolerable volume in two groups were gradually improved after surgery (all P<0.01), but there were no significant differences between two groups (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGraciloplasty with different gracilis loops can improve anal function. However, U-loop can better improve difficult defecating while squatting, and is worthwhile for spreading in clinical practice.

Anal Canal ; Anus, Imperforate ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Pressure