Purpose:To assess the association between the genetic polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferase1 (NAT 1) and the susceptibility to primary liver cancer (PLC). Methods:The NAT1 genotypes of 96 PLC cases and 173 controls were detected with polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. And the interactions between NAT1 and environmental risk factors were also analyzed. Results:In PLC cases, the frequencies of NAT1 *3, NAT1 *4, NAT1 *10 and NAT1 *14B were 20.3%, 50.5%, 24.0% and 5.2%, respectively. The frequencies of NAT1 *3/ *3, NAT1 *3/ *4, NAT1 *3/ *10, NAT1 *3/ *14B, NAT1 *4/ *4, NAT1 *4/ *10, NAT1 *4/ *14B, NAT1 *10 / *10 and NAT1 *10/ *14B genotypes were 4.2%, 25.0%, 3.1%, 4.2%, 31.3%, 10.4%, 3.1%, 14.7 and 4.2%, respectively. No statistically significant difference of the frequencies was found between the two groups. In PLC cases, the frequencies of rapid type NAT1 and slow type NAT1 were 32.3% and 67.7% respectively, which had no statistically significant difference compared with the control group. The interaction between NAT1 *10 and occupational exposures was found with an odds ratio of 3.40(95%CI:1.03～11.22). Conclusions:There is no relation between genetic polymorphisms of NAT1 and PLC. NAT1 *10 interacts with occupational exposures.

Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Nose ; Surgical Instruments

AIM:To study the parameters of supercritical CO_2 extraction of essential oil from valeriana efficinalis by orthogonal design. METHODS: Four factors,such as extraction pressure,extraction temperature,extraction time and separation temperature were chosen by the observation of orthogonal design,each factor was assigned to three levels.Bornyl acetate content was selected as a marker in a position to determine optimal extraction. RESULTS: Pressure and temperature were the main factors in effecting the extraction of bornyl acetate,extraction time was minor factor relatively. CONCLUSION: The optimal extraction is as follow,parameters were extraction pressure:12 MPa,extraction temperature:45 ℃,extraction time:1 hour,separation temperature:35 ℃,it gave the best recoveries of essential oils and bornylacetate.

BACKGROUND:Deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement has a high incidence rate. Moreover, deep vein thrombosis can induce pulmonary embolism that can endanger patients’ life and dysfunction of distant deep vein. The appearance of deep vein thrombosis is a great obstacle for the gradual y increased hip replacement.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limb after total hip replacement in elderly patients, and to screen the risk factors for the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs.
METHODS:Clinical data of 128 elderly patients with hip replacement were analyzed retrospectively. Al patients were examined with color Doppler ultrasound in double lower limbs at 1 day before replacement and 7 days after replacement. Multifactor unconditional logistic analysis was conducted on clinical related factors and the formation of lower limb deep vein thrombosis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7 days after the operation, 16 patients affected deep vein thrombosis of lower limb. The factors for deep vein thrombosis contained female, general anesthesia, bilateral hip replacement and the application of bone cement (P<0.05). The risk for deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement significantly increased in elderly patients aged over 70 years. Multifactor unconditional logistic analysis exhibited that the multiple risks of sex, obesity and the use of bone cement in elderly patients with deep vein thrombosis increased to 11.398, 3.109 and 8.925. The patients with a blood type O at the age of over 70 years experienced a decreased risk for deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. The occurrence of deep vein thrombosis decreased to 0.186 times after replacement. Blood type O could be considered as a protective factor for the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis.

Objective To evaluate the early detection of diabetic cystopathy(DCP)with the technology of noninvasive urodynamics.Methods 70 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)and 30 normal control subjects were checked with the technology of noninvasive urodynamics.Based on their disease course of less or mole than 5 years.the DM patients were divided into two groups.Maximal flow rate,average flow rate,the volume leading to first bladder sensation and residual urine volume were measured by using noninvasive urodynamic technology.Results Among the 70 DM patients,34 were detected to have bladder residual urine,so the DCP detection rate was 48.6%.In the patients with DCP,the average residual urine volume Was 7-139 ml(30.1±27.1)ml,while there was no residual urine in the normal control group.As compared with the normal control group,maximal flow rate and average flow rate were decreased in all the patients with DM and those with DCP(P＜0.01).After follow up of the disease,the patients with a course of more than five years of disease control had even lower maximal flow rate and average flow rate.Conclusion Maximal flow rate decrease and bladder residual urine detected with the technology of noninvasive urodynamics may be widely used in early detection and early diagnosis of DCP.

After treatment for 3 months in the patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), plasma glucose, insulin and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were decreased both in rosiglitazone therapy group and in the group treated with rosiglitazone combined with body weight control.Those parameters in the latter group were decreased more significantly than those in the former.Rosiglitazone ameliorates the insulin resistance in patients with IGT, which is further improved when combined with body weight control.

Objective To understand the status of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the National Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Type Endemic Fluorosis (Trial) and Shandong Provincial Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Type Endemic Fluorosis (Trial),ten counties (cities,districts) were chosen in the province,and ten water-improvement projects were selected in each county (city,district).The operating effect of water-improvement projects was investigated; one peripheral water sample of each project was collected,and water fluoride content was tested.Three epidemic villages were chosen as fixed monitoring villages in each county (city,district).In the villages that had changed water source,one peripheral water sample was collected; in unchanged water source villages,one water sample was collected following five different directions of the east,the west,the south,the north and the center of the water source location; and the water fluoride content was tested.All students aged 8 to 12 were checked for dental fluorosis in the monitoring villages.The fluoride content in drinking water was detected by fluoride ion selective electrode method,and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Dean's method.Results ① In the 10 counties (cities,districts),a total of 85 water-improving projects were monitored,and all the projects were in normal operation; the water fluoride contents of 47 projects were qualified,and the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 55.29％(47/85),with the maximum of water fluoride content was 4.74 mg/L.② In the 30 fixed monitoring villages,27 monitored villages had water-improving projects; water fluoride contents of 19 villages were qualified,the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 70.37％ (19/27),with the maximum of water fluoride content was 4.77 mg/L.In the 3 monitored villages without water-improving projects,villages of mean water fluoride contents ≤ 1.20 mg/L and ＞ 1.20 mg/L were two and one,respectively,with the maximum of water fluoride content was 1.55 mg/L.③ In the 19 monitored villages with water-improving projects that in normal operating condition with qualified water fluoride content,the detected rates of dental fluorosis and the defect type of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years old were 52.37％(508/970) and 6.39％(62/970),respectively,and the index of dental fluorosis was 1.02.In the 8 monitored villages with water-improving projects that in normal operating condition with water fluoride content that exceeded the national standard,the detected rates of dental fluorosis and the defect type of dental fluorosis were 62.39％ (297/476) and 8.82％ (42/476),respectively,and the index of dental fluorosis was 1.67.In the 3 monitored villages without water-improving projects,the detected rates of dental fluorosis and the defect type of dental fluorosis were 49.45％ (90/182) and 7.14％ (13/182),respectively,and the index of dental fluorosis was 1.25.Conclusions In Shandong Province,the water fluoride content of water-improving defluoridation projects exceeds the national standard seriously,and water quality of the projects still need to be further improved.The projects of water-improving defluoridation play a certain role in control of dental fluorosis condition,but the condition of children' s dental fluorosis is still very serious.So preventive and control measures for endemic fluorosis should be further strengthened.

Objective To study the effect of background music on spatial long-term learning and memory in rats.Methods Morris' water maze was used to examine the mean latencies and strategies of the rats to the target while playing rock music(RM) and light music(LM).The long-term memory was tested on day 7 after the training sessions.Results During Morris' water maze training,no significant difference was found in the mean latencies and the strategies to the target between RM and LM groups as well as LM and the normal control(NC) groups.But the mean latency in RM group was significantly longer than that in the NC group.The average percentage of straight strategy in RM group was significantly smaller than that in the NC group.The examination of memories,when tested on day 7 after the end of training,indicated that the mean latencies and the strategies to the target as well as the time taken to cross the target in the three groups were not significantly different.Conclusion Background rock music can influence the spatial learning ability,but not the spatial long-term memory.On the other hand,there is no effect in the spatial long-term learning and memory when light background music is played.

ObjectiveTo observe the lung injury of rats caused by PM2.5 induced imbalance of TH17/Treg immune system and the intervention effect of two different TCM treatments.Methods Wistar male rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, TCM-treated group1 and TCM-treated group 2. PM2.5-induced lung injury model was established by airway instillation. Model group was given normal saline for gavage. TCM- treated group 1 and 2 were given Yupingfeng Powder and Guomin Decoction combined with Zhisou Powder for gavage. The pathological changes of bronchial and lung tissues, the contents of IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, NE, and MUC5AC in serum and BALF were compared, and the expressions of Foxp3 and IL-17 in lung tissue of each group were analyzed.Results Compared with normal group, the contents of IL-8, IL-17, NE and MUC5AC in serum and BALF of model group increased significantly, while IL-10 decreased significantly (P<0.05,P<0.01); the expression of IL-17 increased significantly and the expression of Foxp3 decreased significantly in lung tissue (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the contents of IL-8, IL-17, and NE decreased in TCM-treated group 1 and 2, while the content of BALF IL-10 increased significantly (P<0.05). The content of IL-10 in serum increased significantly in TCM-treated group 2 (P<0.05); the protein expression of IL-17 of lung issue decreased significantly, and the protein expression of Foxp3 increased significantly (P<0.01). The pathological changes were improved significantly.Conclusion PM2.5 can induce lung injury caused by the imbalance of TH17/Treg. Both two treatments can significantly improve the lung injury induced by PM2.5 and the imbalance of TH17/Tregs immune system.

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used for extraction of effective components of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.), and then chromatographic fingerprint of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) was studied by high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector (HPLC/DAD). The conditions of MAE were optimized by an orthogonal experiment, and then the authentication and validation of the chromatographic fingerprint were conducted. Nine peaks were identified as common peaks in the fingerprint chromatograms, and isofraxidin was considered as a reference compound and quantified. Relative standard deviations of retention time and peak area of each component were less than 3% and 8%, respectively. Similarity and difference analysis were conducted by use of PCA and relation coefficient. Twenty batches of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) samples from two different producing areas could be classified into two different groups in the PCA model. The results showed that MAE-HPLC/DAD method was simple, efficient and stable for the study of complex chromatographic fingerprint of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.), which could provide more reliable and precise information for quality evaluation.