Purpose:To assess the association between the genetic polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferase1 (NAT 1) and the susceptibility to primary liver cancer (PLC). Methods:The NAT1 genotypes of 96 PLC cases and 173 controls were detected with polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. And the interactions between NAT1 and environmental risk factors were also analyzed. Results:In PLC cases, the frequencies of NAT1 *3, NAT1 *4, NAT1 *10 and NAT1 *14B were 20.3%, 50.5%, 24.0% and 5.2%, respectively. The frequencies of NAT1 *3/ *3, NAT1 *3/ *4, NAT1 *3/ *10, NAT1 *3/ *14B, NAT1 *4/ *4, NAT1 *4/ *10, NAT1 *4/ *14B, NAT1 *10 / *10 and NAT1 *10/ *14B genotypes were 4.2%, 25.0%, 3.1%, 4.2%, 31.3%, 10.4%, 3.1%, 14.7 and 4.2%, respectively. No statistically significant difference of the frequencies was found between the two groups. In PLC cases, the frequencies of rapid type NAT1 and slow type NAT1 were 32.3% and 67.7% respectively, which had no statistically significant difference compared with the control group. The interaction between NAT1 *10 and occupational exposures was found with an odds ratio of 3.40(95%CI:1.03～11.22). Conclusions:There is no relation between genetic polymorphisms of NAT1 and PLC. NAT1 *10 interacts with occupational exposures.

Genetic polymorphism of carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes is one of the important aspects of the genetic susceptibility to cancer. The enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism include mainly alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) and cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1), which all appear to be polymorphic. Several recent studies show that the genetic polymorphisms of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes are associated with some cancers such as liver cancer, stomach cancer and esophageal cancer. But there are also the inconsistent results.

AIM:To study the parameters of supercritical CO_2 extraction of essential oil from valeriana efficinalis by orthogonal design. METHODS: Four factors,such as extraction pressure,extraction temperature,extraction time and separation temperature were chosen by the observation of orthogonal design,each factor was assigned to three levels.Bornyl acetate content was selected as a marker in a position to determine optimal extraction. RESULTS: Pressure and temperature were the main factors in effecting the extraction of bornyl acetate,extraction time was minor factor relatively. CONCLUSION: The optimal extraction is as follow,parameters were extraction pressure:12 MPa,extraction temperature:45 ℃,extraction time:1 hour,separation temperature:35 ℃,it gave the best recoveries of essential oils and bornylacetate.

BACKGROUND:Deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement has a high incidence rate. Moreover, deep vein thrombosis can induce pulmonary embolism that can endanger patients’ life and dysfunction of distant deep vein. The appearance of deep vein thrombosis is a great obstacle for the gradual y increased hip replacement.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limb after total hip replacement in elderly patients, and to screen the risk factors for the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs.
METHODS:Clinical data of 128 elderly patients with hip replacement were analyzed retrospectively. Al patients were examined with color Doppler ultrasound in double lower limbs at 1 day before replacement and 7 days after replacement. Multifactor unconditional logistic analysis was conducted on clinical related factors and the formation of lower limb deep vein thrombosis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7 days after the operation, 16 patients affected deep vein thrombosis of lower limb. The factors for deep vein thrombosis contained female, general anesthesia, bilateral hip replacement and the application of bone cement (P<0.05). The risk for deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement significantly increased in elderly patients aged over 70 years. Multifactor unconditional logistic analysis exhibited that the multiple risks of sex, obesity and the use of bone cement in elderly patients with deep vein thrombosis increased to 11.398, 3.109 and 8.925. The patients with a blood type O at the age of over 70 years experienced a decreased risk for deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. The occurrence of deep vein thrombosis decreased to 0.186 times after replacement. Blood type O could be considered as a protective factor for the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis.

Objective To evaluate the early detection of diabetic cystopathy(DCP)with the technology of noninvasive urodynamics.Methods 70 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)and 30 normal control subjects were checked with the technology of noninvasive urodynamics.Based on their disease course of less or mole than 5 years.the DM patients were divided into two groups.Maximal flow rate,average flow rate,the volume leading to first bladder sensation and residual urine volume were measured by using noninvasive urodynamic technology.Results Among the 70 DM patients,34 were detected to have bladder residual urine,so the DCP detection rate was 48.6%.In the patients with DCP,the average residual urine volume Was 7-139 ml(30.1±27.1)ml,while there was no residual urine in the normal control group.As compared with the normal control group,maximal flow rate and average flow rate were decreased in all the patients with DM and those with DCP(P＜0.01).After follow up of the disease,the patients with a course of more than five years of disease control had even lower maximal flow rate and average flow rate.Conclusion Maximal flow rate decrease and bladder residual urine detected with the technology of noninvasive urodynamics may be widely used in early detection and early diagnosis of DCP.

Objective To study the prevalence of drinking water type of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province,and to provide a scientific basis in making strategies for prevention and control of the disease.Methods Ten counties (cities,districts) were selected by random number table method to carry out the epidemiological study,and to study the progress and effect of water-improving and defluoridation projects.Three villages in each county (city,district) were chosen to determine fluoride content of drinking water and to check the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children 8 to 12 years old.Water fluoride content was determined with fluoride ion-selective electrode,and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by the Deans method.Results In the 10 counties (cities,districts),a total of 515 water-improving and defluoridation projects were built covering 3 207 fluorosis villages,and the waterimproving rate was 81.71％ (3 207/3 925).A total of 85 water-improving and defluoridation projects were investigated in the 10 counties (cities,districts),and all of the projects were operating normally.The number of projects that water fluoride concentration ≤ 1.20 mg/L was 51; the qualified rate of water fluoride concentration was 60.00％ (51/85),and the maximum value of water fluoride was 4.38 mg/L.A total of 29 villages that had waterimproving and defluoridation projects were investigated in the 10 counties (cities,districts),and the number of villages that mean of water fluoride ≤ 1.20 mg/L was 21,accounting for 72.41％ (21/29); ＞ 1.20 mg/L was 8,accounting for 27.59％ (8/29),and the maximum value of water fluoride was 4.02 mg/L.In the 21 qualified villages of water fluoride concentration,a total of 1 023 children aged 8 to 12 were examined; the positive rate of dental fluorosis was 38.12％ (390/1 023); dental fluorosis index was 0.67,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was extremely low.In the 8 exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride content,a total of 449 children aged 8 to 12 were examined; the positive rate of dental fluorosis was 54.79％ (246/449); dental fluorosis index was 1.18,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was mild.Conclusion In Shandong Province,the water fluoride content of waterimproving and defluoridation projects exceeds the national standard seriously,and the condition of children's dental fluorosis is still serious,and the measures of water-defluoridation should be further strengthened.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of gentle moxibustion in treating old interphalangeal collateral ligament injury.MethodSixty patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The treatment group of 30 patients received gentle moxibustion 20-30 min once daily for two consecutive courses of treatment. The control group of 30 patients received TDP irradiation 20-30 min once daily for two consecutive courses of treatment.ResultThe excellent rate and the total excellent rate were 56.7% and 83.3%, respectively, in the treatment group and 36.7% and 76.7%, respectively, in the control group; there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01).ConclusionGentle moxibustion has a marked therapeutic effect on old interphalangeal collateral ligament injury.

Objective To study the effect of background music on spatial long-term learning and memory in rats.Methods Morris' water maze was used to examine the mean latencies and strategies of the rats to the target while playing rock music(RM) and light music(LM).The long-term memory was tested on day 7 after the training sessions.Results During Morris' water maze training,no significant difference was found in the mean latencies and the strategies to the target between RM and LM groups as well as LM and the normal control(NC) groups.But the mean latency in RM group was significantly longer than that in the NC group.The average percentage of straight strategy in RM group was significantly smaller than that in the NC group.The examination of memories,when tested on day 7 after the end of training,indicated that the mean latencies and the strategies to the target as well as the time taken to cross the target in the three groups were not significantly different.Conclusion Background rock music can influence the spatial learning ability,but not the spatial long-term memory.On the other hand,there is no effect in the spatial long-term learning and memory when light background music is played.

Objective:To summarize the clinical experience of changing the membranous pulmonary system during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) in infants after congenital heart disease opration with cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods:From January to September in 2019, 6 cases of congenital heart disease with cardio-pulmonary bypass in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, whose membrane obstruction occurred during ECMO treatment and replaced successfully.The hemodynamics and blood gas before and after replacement of ECMO system were observed, and the experience was summarized.Results:Six patients(3 males and 3 females), aging from 1 to 3 months and weighing from 3.0 to 4.9 kg, were received VA-ECMO adjuvant therapy.The ECMO system replacement process was smooth and took 175-209 s. The hemodynamic of the children was stable.The ECMO support time was 134-249 h. After the improvement of cardiac systolic function, all children were successfully withdrawn and survived.Conclusion:The improved method of liquid replacement in ECMO system can make full use of the blood components in the original system and avoid the loss of blood tangible components.According to the plan of rapid replacement, the risk of replacement will not be increased.

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used for extraction of effective components of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.), and then chromatographic fingerprint of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) was studied by high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector (HPLC/DAD). The conditions of MAE were optimized by an orthogonal experiment, and then the authentication and validation of the chromatographic fingerprint were conducted. Nine peaks were identified as common peaks in the fingerprint chromatograms, and isofraxidin was considered as a reference compound and quantified. Relative standard deviations of retention time and peak area of each component were less than 3% and 8%, respectively. Similarity and difference analysis were conducted by use of PCA and relation coefficient. Twenty batches of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) samples from two different producing areas could be classified into two different groups in the PCA model. The results showed that MAE-HPLC/DAD method was simple, efficient and stable for the study of complex chromatographic fingerprint of sarcandra glabra (Thunb.), which could provide more reliable and precise information for quality evaluation.