Through analyzing the gene expression profile of tumor cells with gene chip technology and se -lecting the differentially expressed genes of different tumor individuals and tumor types ,researchers find that these genes are not only connected with tumor growth ,proliferation,apoptosis,and signal transduction,but also with tumor pathogenesis,tumor infiltration,tumor metastasis and tumor drug resistance .Some tumor differentially ex-pressed genes or genomes show that these genes are even associated with tumor histological source and histological type.It demonstrates practical application value in the pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of tumors .

Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in patients undergone intravesical chemotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and analyze the correlation of the quality of life and low urinary tract symptoms in this group of patients.Methods 31 male patients and 15 female patients were enrolled from Jan.2012 to Mar.2013.The average age was 54 (35-71) years.Questionnaires of QoL and core lower urinary tract symptom score (CLSS) were given to 46 patients before intravesical chemotherapy and the 1 st,6th month after starting the instillation.Before the instillation,the scores of QoL and CLSS were 55.7±6.2 and 6.5±2.1,respectively,the change of QoL and CLSS were compared to baseline,and then the correlation of the low urinary tract symptoms and quality of life was analyzed.Results At the end of 1st and 6th month,the QoL scores were 74.7±8.1 and 78.5± 10.6.The CLSS scores were 8.9±2.0 and 9.1 ± 1.8,respectively.The differences were significant (P ＜0.05) when compared to the baselines.The areas of working activity and free time were affected much more than other areas,and the scores increased from 8.3±2.1 and 19.2±5.7 to 14.3±5.6 and 23.7±4.2,respectively.The area of free time was found to be associated with local symptoms (r=0.61).Conclusions Intravesical treatment can impair the QoL of patients.Low urinary tract symptom is an important factor and is associated with impairment of QoL,suggesting the relief of local symptoms may improve the overall quality of life.

The dynamism and health of the mitochondrial network are regulated by fission and fusion proteins , which help to maintain organelle vitality and the physiological state of the cell .Recently, accumulated evidence has demon-strated that the changes of mitochondrial dynamics have a great effect on inflammation in a variety of diseases .To the con-trary , inflammatory mediators regulate mitochondrial dynamics at the same time .The aim of this reviews is to summarize the relationship between them and to provide new clinical reference for preventing and curing diseases .

Objective To investigate the approaches and clinical value of intra-abdominal fluid monitoring after laparoscopic splenectomy (LS). Methods We collected the data of 63 cases of LS performed in the West China Hospital from November 2005 to August 2008,and analyzed the level of amylase in intra-abdominal fluid,changes of color,volume,and characteristics of the drainage fluid,as well as the results of germiculture and ultrasonography. Results Among the cases,post-LS complications were detected by intra-abdominal fluid monitoring in 4 cases early after the surgery. In the four cases,2 patients showed hemorrhagic fluid (over 40 ml/h),and then was found having postoperative bleeding in the splenogastric ligament by abdominal exploration in 12 hours. In the other 2 patients,ravidous drainage fluid was detected in 6 days after the operation,and increased levels of amylase (15 189 and 9206 U/L,respectively) was revealed while germiculture was negative; pancreatic fistula (PF) was then diagnosed and somatostatin was administered. Of the 2 patients who developed PF,intra-abdominal drainage was patent in 1,and the drainage tube was withdrawn in 20 days; for the other cases who had non-patent drainage,ultrasonography-guided percutaneous puncture catheter drainage was performed,and the drainage tube was taken out in 2 months. Conclusions LS is safe,reliable,and minimally invasive. Postoperative monitoring of intra-abdominal fluid is valuable for early detection of post-LS complications.

BACKGROUND:Because of poor biocompatibility, conventional intraocular lenses (IOLs) used to improve visual acuity can result in a higher incidence of inflammatory foreign body reactions.
OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility and therapeutic effects of hirudin peptide-modified acrylic IOL on eye diseases.
METHODS:By immersion coating method, we prepared a polymethylmethacrylate IOL by the modification with hirudin polypeptides and observed its biocompatibility through the cytological observation. In this study, six New Zealand white rabbits were equivalently randomized into conventional and hirudin peptide grouppolypeptide hirudin group. Rabbits in the conventional group were given conventional lens implantation; while those in the hirudin peptide group underwent hirudin peptide-modified polymethylmethacrylate IOL.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Three days after implantation of hirudin peptide-modified polymethylmethacrylate IOL, cels proliferated and spread wel on the acrylic IOL, but on the cel membrane, there were a few cels most of which were gathered sphericaly with no spreading. In the hirudin peptide group, some cels attached to the border zone migrated to the IOL surface, but did not impede the central visual field; in the conventional group, the IOL surface was stil covered by fibrotic cel membrane.Comparedwith the conventional group, the score in the SchirmerItest was increased but the breakup time of tear film decreased in the hirudin peptide group. To conclude, the polymethylmethacrylate IOL modified by hirudin peptides has good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, increases visual acuity, and yields satisfactory outcomes in the cataract treatment, which provides a new insight into the treatment of cataract.

A 15-year-old female patient presented with orthostatic erythema in the limbs for half a year. Skin examination revealed that diffuse reticular erythema appeared in the limbs after standing with her arms hanging down for 30 seconds, while the erythema disappeared and skin color returned to normal after raising her arms or lying flat for 30 seconds. The rash in the limbs was reproduced by inflating a sphygmomanometer cuff to 60 mmHg for 2 minutes with the limbs in the horizontal position. Antinuclear antibodies were positive at a titer of 1 ∶1 000. Histopathological examination showed dilated small vessels in the superficial dermis without obvious inflammatory cell infiltration. The patient was diagnosed with gravitational erythema.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare maligant tumor.The main clinical symptoms are primary hyperparathyroidism and all kinds of metabolism disorder and the damage of homologous tissues and organs.The consummate laboratory examination and the accurate imaging localization and the credible histopathologic feature are key points to diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma.Parathyroid carcinoma is unsensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy,and en bloc resection of the carcinoma is the preferred treatment approach.AntiPTH immunization as a new treatment of parathyroid carcinoma has been paid close attention.The prognosis of parathyroid carcinoma is mainly depended on whether the tumor was cut off completely and the control as well as the monitor of the symptomatic hypercalcemian after operation.This article reviews the latest researches and introduces the latest advancement in the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid carcinoma.

Objective To systematically review the changes in the intensity of postoperative pain under ketamine anesthesia in children.Methods We searched the Cochrane Library,PubMed,OVID,EMBASE,and Chinese Biomedical Database for prospective randomized controlled trials involving the changes in the intensity of postoperative pain under ketamine anesthesia in children.The quality of the studies was evaluated by the method recommended by Cochrane Collaboration.Evaluation indexes included pain score and analgesic consumption during 6 h after operation,pain score and analgesic consumption during 6-24 h after operation,duration of sensory block (caudal block),side effects during 24 h after operation (postoperative nausea and vomiting and psycho-mimetic manifestations).Meta-analysis was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software.Results Fifteen prospective randomized controlled trials involving 955 patients were included in our Meta-analysis.The patients were divided into 2 groups:control group ( n =455) and ketamine group ( n =500).The pain score and analgesic consumption during 6 h after operation were significantly decreased after general anesthesia with ketamine.The pain score during 6-24 h after operation and analgesic consumption during 6 h after operation were significantly decreased after local anesthesia with ketamine.The duration of sensory block was prolonged and the analgesic consumption during 6 h after operation was significantly reduced after caudal block with ketamine.There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and psycho-mimetic manifestations between the two groups.Conclusion The intensity of pain and analgesic requirement during 6 h after operation are significantly reduced under ketamine anesthesia in children.

Objective:To analyze the long-term curative effect of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), and to study the factors related to the defeat of endoscopic sinus surgery.Method:201 cases（353 sides）of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were treated with ESS，and were treated by taking the nasal cavity as a whole unit.Result:Following up survey from 12 months to 24 months postoperatively，it was found that 108 cases were cured （53.7%），82 cases achieved symptomatic relief（40.8%），11 cases remained failure （5.5%）.Conclusion:It is very important to improve the ESS technique in order to reduce the recurrence of nasal polyps and sinusitis and to improve the curative effect of ESS，in addition，the treatment after operation is also indispensable to successful surgery.

Objective To explore the fraction risk in patients with osteoporosis and effects of antiosteoporosis therapy on fracture healing.Methods All the recruited subjects were senile patients with fracture in lower extremity and were treated in the Department of Orthopaedics in Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital from Aug.2006 to Feb.2011.In the total 15 cases,10 were female and 5 were male,aged from 53 to 65 years (average 56.7 years old).After surgical reduction and internal fixation,all the 15 patients did free-weight and continous passive motion (CPM) functional exercise and received anti-osteoporosis treatment.X-ray was taken to show the preoperative and postoperative lumbar vertebrae and fracture position.Meanwhile,bone mineral density and blood calcium level and phosphate level were measured.Results Thirteen out of 15 patients were healed for bone fracture after a 3-month treatment,meeting the clinical standards of the fracture healing.The clinical fracture healing rate was 86.67％.Blood calcium level,phosphate level and the bone mineral density were significantly different between that before and after the treatment ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Osteoporosis not only increases the risk of fracture,but also has an adverse effect on the bone healing.Anti-osteoporosis therapy has a positive role to the fracture healing in the senile patients with osteoporosis.