Objective To investigate the effect of extracellular signal-regulated kinases(ERK) signal transduction in the process of NSCs differentiating into neurons in the fimbria-transected hippocampi's extracts. Methods Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats'right fimbrias were transected. The extracts were gained from the fimbria-transected hippocampi at the 14th day normal rat, and the extracts supernatant fluid was collected after centrifugal process, then the protein concentration in the extracts was determined. In the serum-free medium,NSCs from the fetal hippocampus were planted on 24 well culture plate, then were divided into three group and eight wells for each group as follows: the transected group contained the extracts of the fimbria-transected hippocampi;the normal group contained the extracts of the normal hippocampi;the pure control group have no extracts. After cultured for 14 days,the cells were detected by using MAP-2 and p-ERK immunofluorescence. Result The number, area, perimeter of MAP-2 positive neurons were all declined in transected group, the normal group and the control group orderly. Statistic results showed significant difference between every two groups. The number of MAP-2/p-ERK double-positive neurons were decreased in transected group, the normal group and the control group orderly, but the percentage of double-labeled neurons in total MAP-2 positive neurons were increased in turn. In these two aspect, there were also significant difference between every two group. And most of the MAP-2/p-ERK double-positive neurons were immature. Conclusion The extracts of the fimbria-transected hippocampi had obvious effects on promoting NSCs differentiating into neurons and speeding up the maturation of neurons than those of the normal hippocampi. The morphological results showed that ERK signal transduction might be related to the differentiation of NSCs into neurons.

Objective To study ADFR with statin programmed therapy of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.Methods Fifty female rats were randomly allocated into 2 groups:sham operation (S, n =10) and OVX ( n =40) group.After operation for one month,OVX were randomly allocated into 4 groups (each n =10):OVX,statins (T),bisphosphonates (B) and statins+bisphosphonates+calcium+vitamin D (ADFR).After feeding statins or bisphosphonates or ADFR for 100 days,all rats were sacrificed.The effects of T or B or ADFR on bone histomorphology or osteocalcin in sera or deoxypyridoxine in urea were studied.Results The data showed that osteocalcin and deoxypyridine in OVX group were significantly improved compared with S group ( P 0 05) ,in B group was decreased,and in ADFR group was increased compared with OVX group.The histomorphometric date showed that TOS,MOSW,STS/DTS,TBOS,TBSC and iMAR in OVX were significantly increased,and TBV,MLT and ? in OVX were decreased,compared with S group.TBV in B,T and ADFR groups was larger than that in OVX group.TOS,MOSW,TBOS and TBCS in B group were smaller than those in OVX group,? in B group was longer than that in OVX group,TBCS and ? in T group were increased compared with OVX group.Conclusion Statins promote bone turnover,increase osteoblast activity and osteoid production,and reduce the bone construction.Bisphosphonates inhibit bone absorption,while ADFR acelerate bone formation and reduce bone loss,suggesting that polytherapy is preferable to monotherapy.

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for the quantification of six active components in three species (Swertia davidi, S. nervosa and S. mussotii) .

METHODThe determination was performed on a Hypersil BDS colunm (4. 6 mm x 200 mm, 5 microm). Acetonitrile and 0.5% phosphoric acid solution were used as the mobile phases with a gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The UV detection wavelength was at 240, 274, 325 and 334 nm. The column oven temperature was at 25 degrees C.

RESULTSix components were separated commendably in 60 minutes. The calibration curves of swertiamarin, gentiopicroside, norswertianolin, swertianolin, demethylbellidifolin and bellidifolin were in good linearity over the range of 0.520-20.8, 0.202-8.06, 0.107-4.28, 0.097-3.86, 0.094-3.77, 0.101-4.02 microg, respectively (r = 0.999 9). The average recoveries were 98.7%, 98.1%, 98.3%, 98.8%, 98.1% and 98.6%, respectively, and the RSD were less than 3.0% (n = 6).

CONCLUSIONThe method is accurate,simple and reproducible, and can be used to control the quality of Swertia.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; analysis ; Pyrones ; analysis ; Swertia ; chemistry ; Xanthones ; analysis