Objective To study the changes of serum myeloperoxidase(MPO)in patients with acute ischemic stroke ,and to probe into the relationship of serum MPO with types of carotid atherosclerotic plaques ,the degree of neural function defect and the activi‐ties of daily living (Barthel Index) .Methods Totally 78 cases of patients with acute ischemic stroke was selected as observation ob‐jects .The patients with acute ischemic stroke were divided into good ,medium and poor three groups according to Barthel index . Based on the scoring of neurologic impairment degree from standards of CSS :mild impairment group(0 to 15 points) ,moderate im‐pairment group(16 to 30 points) ,and severe impairment group(31 to 45 points) .Based on the type of atherosclerotic plaques all pa‐tients were divided into soft plaque group ,mixed plaque and hard plaque group .The 1evels of serum MPO was compared between different group .Results The heavier nerve function defect degree ,the levels of serum MPO in patients with ischemic stroke were higher ,and it had significant difference between groups (P<0 .05) .The Barthel index was the better ,the levels of serum MPO was lower .The levels of serum MPO was different among the soft plaque group ,mixed plaque and hard plaque group ,and its were sig‐nificantly different between the three groups ,and the type of atherosclerotic plaque was related to the neural function defect and Barthel index level .Conclusion Ischemic stroke is associated with serum MPO levels ,neurological deficits ,Barthel index and stabil‐ity of atherosclerotic plaque ,and the levels of serum M PO is helpful for judging state of the disease and guiding in clinical diagnosis and treatment .

AIM:To investigate the pathologic role of aldosterone and protective effect of aldosterone receptor antagonist on peritoneal fibrosis in peritoneal dialysis rats .METHODS:A peritoneal fibrosis rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide ( at 1 d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d, 0.6 mg/kg) and dialysate ( daily intraperitoneal injection of 4.25%dialysate, 100 mL/kg).At the same time, spironolactone (an aldosterone receptor antagonist , 100 mg? kg -1? d-1 ) was given to the model rats .After 4 weeks, the expression of aldosterone synthase CYP 11B2, 11β-hydrox-ysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR), and inflammatory factors were detected by immunohistochemistry , real-time PCR and Western blotting .RESULTS:The rat model of peritoneal fibrosis was suc-cessfully established .At the same time, the injury of mesothelial cells , deposition of collagen fibers and thickness of perito-neal were increased .Moreover , the infiltration of macrophages in the peritoneum/dialysate was increased .The level of al-dosterone and the expression of MCR , 11β-HSD2 and CYP11B2 in fibrotic peritoneum were obviously up-regulated as com-pared with normal rats .The expression of NF-κB/MCP-1 was also increased .However , treatment with spironolactone alle-viated peritoneal fibrosis and reduced the expression of NF-κB/MCP-1.CONCLUSION:Local aldosterone is involved in the process of peritoneal fibrosis via NF-κB/MCP-1 pathway.Spironolactone alleviates peritoneal fibrosis of peritoneal dial-ysis.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of peritoneal dialysis(PD) in premature infants with acute renal failure(ARF).Methods In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Guangdong Province Maternal and Children Hospital, 12 premature infants underwent continuous PD due to ARF from March 2012 to March 2015, without using any antibiotics in the dialysis fluid.Before and after dialysis, the changes of serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, potassium and pH were compared.The complications (blockage, leakage, infection and necrotizing enterocolitis) and gastrointestinal nutrition situation were observed.Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used for statistical analysis.Results Among the 12 premature infants, the underlying causes of ARF were sepsis (n=9), perinatal asphyxia (n=2), twin twin transfusion syndrome (n=l).The average gestational age was (30.9±3.2) weeks, the average body weight (before PD) was (1 461 ±525) g, the duration of PD was (3.8±2.6) d.Complications associated with PD included leakage (n=3) and peritonitis (n=2) in which Candids albicans and Klebsiella pneumonia were identified in ascites.Gastrointestinal nutrition was built up in six cases within one to four days after dialysis, among which one developing necrotizing enterocolitis on the 7th d after feeding.Finally, eight babies died (six died after initiative discontinued treatment and two died because of critically illness) and four patients were cured and discharged.Lower serum urea nitrogen and potassium levels and higher pH value were shown after dialysis than before [(9.16 ± 3.15) vs (12.71 ±6.98) mmol/L;(4.36±0.82) vs (6.24± 1.72) mmol/L;7.32±0.17 vs 7.21 ±0.17;Z=-2.118,-2.197 and-2.981, all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PD is an alternative safe and effective treatment for premature infants with ARF due to its simplicity both in manipulation and equipment requirement.

Objective To evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect of the measures of replacing cattle with machine for cul?tivation and forbidding depasturage of livestock on marshlands in marshland and lake regions. Methods The retrospective re?view and field survey were implemented in the Jiangling and Gongan counties of Hubei Province where were implemented with the measure of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation,and Yuanjiang and Huarong counties of Hunan Province where were implemented with the measure of forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands. The schistosome infection status of hu?man,cattle,and Oncomelania hupensis snails,and schistosome?infested field excreta were surveyed from 2007 to 2013. The ef?fects of the interventions were compared before and after their implementations. Results The 6 villages of Hubei Province were implemented with the measure of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation,and 7 villages of Hunan Province were imple? mented with the measure of forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands. From 2007 to 2013,the schistosome infection rates of residents declined from 3.95%to 0.70%(χ2 =128.376,P<0.05),with the descend range of 82.53%. The descend ranges of the measures of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation and forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands were 83.081%and 81.62%respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two measures(χ2 =0.132,P>0.05). The infection rate of cattle decreased from 3.66%in 2007 to 0.65%in 2013,and the descend range was 82.24%(χ2=13.692,P<0.05). The field excreta was surveyed in the snail breeding place in 2013. The investigated area was 157.435 hm2, and 625 samples of field feces of cattle were collected with the density of field excreta of 3.97/hm2,and the positive rate was 1.12%(7/625). The schistosome infection rate of snails and the density of infected snails decreased successively from 2007, and no infected snails were detected from 2011 to 2013. Conclusions The schistosomiasis endemic situation are decreased sig?nificantly after the interventions of replacing cattle with machine for cultivation and forbidding the depasturage of livestock on marshlands. Therefore,schistosomiasis control effect of these measures is notable in the marshland and lake regions.

Objective:To explore the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) in preterm infants born in the Guangdong Women and Children′s Hospital and transported from other hospital.Method:s Clinical data of 755 premature infants with ROP at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Guangdong Women and Children′s Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 239 cases born in the hospital and 516 cases transported from other hospitals.Their gestational age, birth weight, gender, severity of ROP lesion and clinical data were collected and compared.Result:s The birth weight in the group of transported from other hospital was lower than that in the group of born in the hospital[(1 290.64±392.87) g vs.(1 586.21±512.74) g], and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.001). The ROP diagnosis of gestational age in the group of transported from other hospital was higher than that in the group of born in the hospital[(35.53±2.81)weeks vs.(34.51±2.17)weeks], and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.001). On the proportion of severe condition [such as lesion area Ⅰ, aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity(AP-ROP) and plus combined lesions], in the group of transported from other hospital was higher than that in the group of born in the hospital, and the differences was statistically significant( P<0.001). In the comparison of the proportion of laser photocoagulation, vitreous injection, combination of the two operations and supplementary laser therapy, in the group of transported from other hospital were higher than those in the group of born in the hospital[60.1%(310/516 cases) vs.20.9%(50/239 cases); 10.9%(56/516 cases) vs.2.5%(6/239 cases); 8.1%(42/516 cases) vs.1.7%(4/239 cases); 4.5%(23/516 cases) vs.1.3%(3/239 cases)], and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.001). Conclusions:Premature infants with ROP transported from other hospitals have lower birth weight, severe ROP lesions and high surgical intervention rate.Improving ROP screening level in primary hospitals, timely diagnosis and efficient transportation can help to effectively prevent the deterioration of ROP in premature infants and improve their quality of life.

s] Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures with focus on total removal of cattle and sheep in Junshan District,Yueyang City. Methods The retrospective review and field survey were implemented in the pilot villages in Junshan District. The data of Schistosoma japonicum infection status of human,cattle,sheep and Oncome-lania hupensis snails,and density of snails were gathered and modeled in the period of 2006 to 2016. Results The prevalence of schistosome infection in residents in the pilot villages decreased from 3.44％ in 2006 to 0.59％ in 2012(F = 14.501,P =0.013). After removal of all the cattle and sheep in 2013,the prevalence of schistosome infection in the residents decreased to zero in 2016(F=14.148,P=0.033). The density of living snails decreased from 0.8833/0.1 m2 in 2006 to 0.3088/0.1 m2 in 2012(F=76.250,P=0.005). Conclusion The comprehensive schistosomiasis control strategy with focus on cattle and sheep removal is remarkably effective.

Objective:To analyze the time of recovery to the respiratory baseline after treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the possible influencing factors.Methods:The preterm infants with ROP who received ophthalmic treatment from January 2016 to December 2020 in the Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children′s Hospital were enrolled retrospectively.The baby who received vitreous injection were included in the injection group, and who received laser photocoagulation were included in the photocoagulation group.The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they returned to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours after ROP surgery.Relevant data were collected, including respiratory baseline, the respiratory status 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 5 days and 7 days after treatment, gestational age, birth weight, gender, corrected gestational age at surgery, weight at surgery, laser points, and treatment location.Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for continuous variables. Data were expressed as the number and percentage of patients for categorical variables, using Chi-square test or Fisher′ s exact test. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors.The time taken by preterm infants to return to the preoperative respiratory baseline after treatment and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results:A total of 386 ROP infants were included in this study.There were 157 infants who did not return to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours after treatment.No significant difference in the source, gender, gestational age, birth weight, corrected gestational age at surgery, weight at surgery, and respiratory pressure support required before surgery were found between the group who returned to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours and the group who did not (all P>0.05). However, there were significant differences in treatment methods and location between two groups (all P<0.01). The ratio of returning to the respiratory baseline in the group receiving intravitreal injection was significantly different from that in the group treated with laser therapy at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h after treatment (77% vs.14%, 82% vs.33%, 86% vs.58%, 89% vs.76%; all P<0.01). There was no difference in that ratio between two groups at 5 d and 7 d after treatment (91% vs.86%, 95% vs.92%; P>0.05). Of the 157 infants who did not return to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours after treatment, 108 cases (68.8%) required additional supplemental oxygen, whereas 153 cases (98.5%) required more intensive respiratory support ( P<0.001). According to the multivariate Logistic regression analysis results, the preterm infants who received laser therapy were less likely to return to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours than those who received intravitreal injection ( OR=0.099, 95% CI: 0.060-0.164). A small corrected gestational age at surgery was an independent risk factor for infants not returning to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours ( OR=1.147, 95% CI: 1.009-1.302). Conclusions:Infants with ROP who receive intravitreal injection can return to the respiratory baseline more quickly than those who underwent laser photo-coagulation under. The difference persisted up to 4 days. The smaller the corrected gestational age at treatment, the less likely return to the respiratory baseline within 48 hours in photocoagulation group..

AIM: To compare the efficacy of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab(IVR)and intravitreal injection of conbercept(IVC)in children with retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 1 100 eyes with ROP treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF at our hospital from January 2015 to June 2023 were included. According to the different therapeutic drugs, the children were divided into two groups: IVR group and IVC group. According to the degree of ROP, the patients were divided into three groups: aggressive ROP(A-ROP), Zone Ⅰ type 1 ROP and Zone Ⅱ type 1 ROP. The reactivation and retreatment between the two groups were compared after propensity score matching(PSM)analysis, and they were followed-up for at least 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: In Zone Ⅱ type 1 ROP, there was a statistically significant difference in the rates of reactivation and retreatment between the IVR and IVC groups(P<0.05); however, in A-ROP and Zone I type 1 ROP, there were no statistically significant differences in the rates of reactivation and retreatment between the two groups(P>0.05). The risk of reactivation and retreatment of Zone I type 1 ROP was higher than the Zone II type 1 ROP. Furthermore, the use of drugs and corrected gestational age of first treatment were influencing factors of lesion recurrence and retreatment.CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in the initial cure effect between the two drugs in Zone II type 1 ROP, with the reactivation and retreatment rates of the IVC group being much lower than those of the IVR group.