Objective To evaluate the effect of various methods of fecal exfoliated cell testing for screening of colorectal cancer.Methods The stool samples from 814 patients who underwent colonoscopy were collected for fecal exfoliated cell testing using diarrhea feces,twice naturally evacuated feces,magnetic separation or naturally evacuated combined with diarrhea feces.The fecal exfoliated cells were isolated and examined cytologically.The DNA quantitative analysis and gene detection were carried out.Fecal occult blood test was simultaneously performed in twice naturally evacuated feces and naturally evacuated combined with diarrhea feces.Results The sensitivity and specificity of exfoliated cells testing for colorectal Cancer was 66.27%(112 of 169 cases of colorectal cancer)and 99.56%(225 of 226 normal subjects),respectively.There was no correlation of positive rate with differentiations of colorectal cells or Duke's stages(P＞0.05).The nuclear DNA quantitative analysis showed that the sensitivity for detecting cancer was 76.09%for twice naturally evacuated feces and 68.29%for naturally evacuated combined with diarrhea feces,which was superior than diarrhea feces(26.31%)and magnetic separation (43.24%).The positive rate of genes detected in carcinoma tissues concordant with fecal exfoliated cells testing were 83.33%(25/30)for p53,9/10 for APC and 9/10 for K-ras.The sensitivity of cytology was higher than gene detection.The sensitivity of cancer detection was higher in combining exfoliated cells test with fecal occult blood test(93.10%)than exfoliated cells test(73.56%)or fecal occult blood test (80.46%)alone(P＜0.05).Conclusions Fecal exfoliated cells test is an effective method for screening of colorectal cancer.It is the best option for detecting cancer by twice tests of fecal exfoliated cells with liquid-based thin-layer cytological test,and combined with fecal occult blood test.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of glypican-3 (GPC3) in the diaganosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),the contents of GPC3 in the serum and tissues of HCC patients were detected.Methods ELISA and immunohistochemical staining were applied to detect GPC3 expressing level in the serum and tissues in 79 cases with HCC,35 cases with post-hepatitis cirrhosis and 30 normal liver specimens and the resuits were compared.The influential factor of GPC3 content in the patients with HCC was analyzed by logistic regression model.Results The serum level of GPC3 in patients with HCC was (143.02±40.26) μg/L which was signifcantly higher than that in patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis [(6.15±4.31) μg/L] and healthy controls [(4.47±3.22) μg/L] (all P ＜ 0.01).The expression levels of GPC3 was signifeantly higher in post-hepatitis cirrhosis tumor-adjacent tissue and tumor-distant tissue.The expression levels of GPC3 was significantly positively correlated with tumor presence of distant mestasis (x2 =13.182,P ＜ 0.0) and clinical stage (x2 =4.250,P ＜ 0.05),and not correlated with sex,age,tumor size and the level of AFP inserum (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion GPC3 is specific the diagnosis of HCC.The joint diagnosis of GPC3 and AFP will improve the sensitivity of HCC.Therefore,GPC3 could as a biomarker for evaluating HCC condition and prognsis.

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is expressed differently in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. Since its expression and regulatory mechanism remain unclear, whether HSP70 can help with the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of HCC has become a hot research topic. This article reviews the source of HSP70 and its family, abnormal expression of HSP70 in HCC, and its association with treatment methods and prognostic evaluation of HCC, in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Objective:To analyze the radiological protection situation in the workplace of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment in primary medical institutions in south Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then put forward necessary measures and suggestions.Methods:In accordance with the national medical radiation protection monitoring program and the requirements of relevant standards for radiological health, medical X-ray diagnostic equipment in radialogical diagnosis and treatment institutions was tested selectively for workplace radiological protection, with the result statistically analyzed.Results:From 2018 to 2021, radiological protection test was conducted for 84 workplaces in 15 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions in 4 districts of south Xinjiang, with a pass rate of 98.8%, which was consistent with the mainland including the eastern and central regions in the country.Conclusions:Based on the current situation in radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions on medical radiation protection in south Xinjiang, it is recommended to strengthen the supervision and management of radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment, improve the testing and technical capabilities of the local medical radiation monitoring technical teams and raise the level of radiological health work in the south Xinjiang.