The multi-potent differentiation capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) implies potential to achieve patient-specific regenerative therapy for myocardial infarction. However, it is evident that transplanted stem cells do not survive well in the harsh ischemic microenvironment. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of neuronal and myocardial apoptosis. Here, we investigate the cell viability and the change of erythropoietin signal pathway of MSCs challenged by hypoxia treatment.Methods MSCs were derived from the bone marrow of 2-week-old Wistar rats and expanded. Hypoxia treatment of cells was performed using a ProOx-C-chamber with the oxygen concentration set to 0.5% for the times required.Results The rate of trypan blue staining was 3.5% ± 0.4% in control group, and 3.9% ± 0.2%, 5.0% ±0.5%, 7.1% ± 0.5% in the groups treated with hypoxia for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours. Western blot analysis suggested the expression of EPO in MSCs was significantly upregulated after 48-hour treatment with hypoxia, which was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. There was higher and earlier expression of EPOR. And the expression level of total ERK remained constant during the hypoxic treatment. However, the expression of HIF-1α phosphorylated ERK was significantly upregulated after 24-hour treatment with hypoxia and peaked at 72 hours.Conclusions MSCs is not sensitive to hypoxia insult alone. The components in EPO signal pathway (e. g.EPO, EPOR and P-ERK) is upregulated in MSCs after hypoxic treatment, which suggests that EPO signal pathway plays an important role in the hypoxia-tolerance and paracrine protecting capability of MSCs.

Objective To discuss advantages of the reformed technique of purse-string sutures in PPH for the treatment of severe hemorrhoids.Methods 172 cases with severe hemorrhoids received PPH with the reformed purse-string sutures.The reformed purse-string sutures were positioned right above the anocutaneous line by 2～3cm.The chorda chirurgicalis moved from upward to downward at a tilt in the submucosal layer,and the reformed pursestring stitches were made.Results The average operation time was 17minutes,the average width of the excised mucosal ring was 3.lcm,and the average hospitalization time was 2.6 days.The prolapsed hemorrhoids went back after surgery.No fecal incontinence,recurrence of prolapsed hemorrhoids or anastomotic stenosis occurred within 1～24 weeks fonow-up.Conclusion The reformed suturing technique of purse-string stitches is safe,effective and recommendable.

Objective To study the effect of ? interferon in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma after radical nephrectomy. Methods From Jan 1988 to Jan 1998 ,46 cases of renal cell carcinoma were randomized into two groups: the interferon group treated by radical nephrectomy and ? interferon and the control group with radical nephrectomy alone. Results The T lymphocyte subsets CD 3,CD 4,CD 8,the ratio of CD 4/CD 8 were significantly different berfore and after treatment in the interferon group( P

Objective To study the volume of residual urine as related to the surgical indication for BPH. Methods Urodynamic study was carried out in 103 BPH patients who were assigned to group A (no residual urine),group B (residual urine0.05) but significantly different between group C and A or between B and A (P60 ml should be strictly followed.Early surgical intervention should be undertaken if the bladder ontlet obstruction or bladder function deteriorated by BPH causing residual uine.Other causes such as neurogenic should be ruled out before surgery.

Having referred the Chinese academic publications on TCM during the last decade ,we summarized the researches in Angelica Decoction (AD), which included immunoregulatory, circulatory system, the basis of decoction composition, anti-oxidation, liver injury and compaibility. AD can improve the immunity action, meliorate abnormal circulation, and also has the effects of anti-oxidation and protection of liver injury. Futher study on AD should be focused on its mechanism and material basis in the future.

Objective To determine the three dimensional motion data of each segment of cervical vertebrae and analyze the characteristics of the intervertebral coupled motion during cervical axial rotation under physiological weight bearing. Methods A total of 16 healthy volunteers (ranging from 22 to 29, median age, 23 years) were recruited to our study. Any cervical spine disorder history, pain or other discomfort and malformations were excluded so as to avoid abnormal neck motion. These subjects underwent CT scans of their cervical segments in a supine position, and 3D models of C1-C7 were constructed. Next, each subject was asked to sit up straight and was positioned in the following sequence:maximal left and right twisting, while double oblique images by DFIS were taken simultaneously at each of the positions. Then, the CT models were matched to the osseous outlines of the images from the two oblique views to quantify the position of cervical vertebraes in 3D at each position. Through local coordinate systems at the center of vertebral bodies, changes of position and angle of each cephalad vertebrae relative to the cauddal one were calculated before and after the axial rotation. Results (1) In the axial rotation of the cervical spine, the contribution of C1/2 accounted for the most of the total cervical rotation range. For the lower levels, axial rotation was found to be maximal at C3/4 and C5/6, minimal at C2/3. (2) In cervical axial motion, C1/2 demonstrated a coupled lateral bending opposite to the axial rotation direction, while each segment of C2-7 demonstrated coupled lateral bending towards the same side of the axial rotation. Among these segments the lateral bending angle of C2/3 was smaller than angles of C3/4, C4/5 and C5/6. Conclusion This study investigated the cervical coupling behavior using the noninvasive 2D-3D matching technique and obtained the motion data at each cervical spinal segment. These findings will help to improve the understanding on physiological cervical spine movement and potential biomechanical mechanism and treatment of cervical spondylosis. Also our data may provide useful reference for the prosthesis design.

Objective To study the feature of brain functional in front gyrus,anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus of patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).Methods 19 patients with GAD and 20 healthy volunteers were scanned on brain using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRS).The levels of Choline (Cho),Creatine (Cr),N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) were measured in the frontal gyrus,anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus of all subjects.The 1H-MRS data were compared between two groups.Results Compared with the healthy matched control,the levels of Cho (7.22 ± 1.99),Cr (5.44 ± 1.68),NAA (12.09 ±2.30)in right frontal gyrus white matter,the levels of Cho(9.89 ±2.40),Cr(8.59 ± 1.71) in right anterior cingulate cortex and the levels of NAA in left anterior cingulate cortex were significantly high (P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr were not difference in two groups.In the hippocampus of the patients,the Cho,Cr,NAA,NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio were not significantly higher or lower than those in control (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The brain substance metabolisms of the patients with GAD are abnormal and asymmetrical between left and right brain,especially occurred in right brain.

Objective To examine the white matter microstructure alternations in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) with diffusion weighted imaging.Methods 19 patients with GAD and 20 matched healthy controls were assessed using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (eADC) in the regions of interests (ROIs) approach.The ROIs were the white matter of bilateral cingulate and bilateral hippocampus.Results Significantly increased ADC values were found in GAD patients (0.78±0.02,0.79±0.03) with respect to normal controls in the right and left anterior cingulate white matter.Significantly decreased eADC values were found in GAD patients (0.46±0.01,0.45±0.01) in the right and left anterior cingulate white matter.Conclusion Diffuse cingulate white matter alterations on DWI in GAD denote the disruption of white matter integrity.

Objective:To observe the hypoglycemic effects of Cortex Lycii Radicis (CLR) on alloxan induced diabetic mice.Methods:The alloxan induced diabetic mice were given drug decoction of CLR[2.5g/(kg?d) -1 , or 5.0g/(kg?d) -1 )] for successive 2 weeks, The blood sugar level was determined with GOD method.Results:There were remarkedly differences in the levels of blood sugar between before and after treatment of various groups. ( P

BACKGROUND: In a series of recent studies it was demonstrated thatpolysaccharides play important roles in many physiologic and pathologicprocessions, such as infection, inflammation, inter-cell adherence and sig nal conduction, immune identification, cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as maintenance of cell structure and function. But the protectiveeffect of plant polysaccharides on gastrointestinal mucosa needs further re search. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the total polysaccharides of SijunziDecoction (SJZD) (TPSJ) in different concentrations on the proliferation ofrat intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6. DESIGN: Observational controlled trial. SETTING: Central Laboratory, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional ChineseMedicine. MATERIALS: ①Cell line: The IEC-6 of normal rats (Catalog No. RL 1592) was purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). IEC6 cells were originated mainly from intestinal crypt cells. ②Reagents anddrugs: DMEM medium, bovine insulin, gentamicin, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and DPBS were purchased from GIBCO Ltd. Cell proliferation kit(MTT) was purchased from Roche Ltd. Indomethacin was purchased fromSigma Company. SJZD was composed of Dangshen (Codonopsis pilosula),Baizhu (Atractylodes macrocephala), Fuling (Poria cocos) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae uralensis), and these four drugs were in same ratio as Pharmacopoeia. The four herbs were boiled in water, extracted twice for 8 hours.Extract was combined, decompressed, concentrated, centrifugated with high speed to take out insoluble substance, put in glass paper to receive reverse lotic water dialysis for 2 hours. The final decoction was concentrated by heating followed by extraction with 80% ethanol. After overnight precipitation at room temperature and combination of sedimen, the total polysaccharide was obtained by deproteinating with the Sevag method.METHODS: ①The IEC-6 cell line was maintained in T-150 flasks with DMEM culture solution, and then put in CO2 incubator at 37 ℃, at saturated humidity, cultured at 0.05 volume fraction CO2, after being taken out from dry ice and defrosted rapidly in water-bath at 37 ℃. Flasks were incubated at 37 ℃ in 5% CO2· Stock cells were subcultured at a dilution of1:7 every 5-7 days and the medium was changed once every 2 days. The cells in passage 15-20 were used for testing. ②IEC-6 cells were inoculated at a density of 1×l04 cells/well in 96-well plates. Cultured were supplemented with TPSJ in a final concentrations ranging from 50, 100 and 200 mg/L after 6 hours, which was 3 TPSJ groups. One plate would be taken out for the examination of cell proliferation using MTT assay everyday. The cells that not administrated by any intervention were used as normal control group and cell proliferation was assayed using MTF at corresponding time points. ③IEC-6 cells were inoculated at a density of1×104 cells/well in 96-well plates, and then cultured in the DMEM supplemented with no serum from the following day for 24 hours. For the examiation of mucosal restitution, indomethacin at concentration of 40 mmol/L was employed to induce IEC-6 cells injured, which was indomethacin group. The three concentration of TPSJ was 50, 100 and 200 mg/L, respectively, which was 50,100,200 mg/L TPSJ groups. After drug action for 20 hours, the proliferation of cells was measured using MTT according to the manufacturer's instructions. IEC-cells without any intervention were used in the normal control group. Cell proliferation was determined with TT method at corresponding time points.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MTT assay was used to examine the effects of TPSJ on IEC-6 cell proliferation in different times. MTT assay was used to detect the effect of TPSJ on IEC-6 cell proliferation inhibited by indomethacin.RESULTS: TPSJ could accelerate IEC-6 cells growth at different doses and in different time. After the cells were treated by 40 mmol/L indomethacin for 24 hours, the absorbance (A) of IEC-6 cells apparently declined compared with that in the normal control group (0.17±0.02,0.31±0.03; P ＜ 0.01). The A of IEC-6 cells treated by TPSJ in 100 mg/L group was apparently higher compared with indomechacin group (0.25±0.04, 0.17±0.02; P ＜ 0.01). The A of IEC-6 cells treated by TPSJ did not restored to the normal level, but there was no insignificant difference compared with normal group (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: TPSJ can accelerate the proliferation of IEC-6 cells. TPSJ can exert regulatory function both in intestinal mucosa absorption and immunity by affecting intestinal epithelial cells.