Objective To investigate the meridians and acupoints selection in the treatment of post-stroke spastic paralysis with Tuina (Chinese massage). Methods The literatures about Tuina therapy for post-stroke spastic paralysis were retrieved. The frequency of meridians and acupoints used was counted and analyzed. Results 99 papers were collected, which involved in 226 acupoints and 1602 times of application. The selected acupoints were distributed in all the fourteen meridians and 64.5% (1033/1602, 606 on upper limb, 427 on lower limb) of them were on the limbs. The acupoints of the Yang meridians was 75.0% (1200/1602) and the specific acupoints was 71.7% (1148/ 1602). Conclusion The acupoint selected was basically focused on the local areas in Tuina for post-stroke spastic paralysis, assisted with the involved meridians and distal acupoints. The acupoints of the Yang meridians were the first option, mainly on the extremities. The specific acupoints were the major components of the prescription, especially the Five-shu acupoints and the He acupoints.

BACKGROUND: At present, studies on repair of cartilage defect have been focused on tissue engineering technique. Growth factors are one of the most important parts. However, the effect and security of growth factors have not been confirmed. Studies have shown that Weilingxian can maintain and promote the synthesis of proteoglycan, collagen Ⅱof chondrocyte, and it also can promote proliferation of chondrocyte and expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 mRNA.OBJEGTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of injectable chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate (C/β-GP) encapsulating allograft chondrocytes on the repair of articular cartilage defects and the intervention effect and possible mechanisms of Weilingxian.METHODS: A 0.4-mm defect was established on knee articular cartilage. Expeirmental New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: Weilingxian, common culture media, and model groups. In the common culture media group, the samples were treated with C/β-GP and chondrocyte suspension (1 mL); at 2 days after gel injection, Weilingxian or common culture media (1 mL) were respectively given into joint cavity, once a day, for 7 successive days. The samples in the model group were not treated. Gross, histological (HE staining, TB staining), type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical, and Wakitani score examinations were performed on 6 and 12 weeks after surgery.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Defects of articular surface were well filled in Weilingxian and common culture media groups, and hyaline cartilage-like structure was formed. The surface flatness and degree of integration with surrounding tissue of Weilingxian group was better than common culture media group. Formation of cartilage-like and secretion of cartilage matrix and specificity of collagen type Ⅱ were found in histological slices. Defects in the model group were not repaired, while tissue proliferative degeneration was observed. Integration of.repair tissue with surrounding tissue, histology and amount of type Ⅱ collagen secretion in Weilingxian group were better than common culture media group. Wakitani scores of Weilingxian group and common culture media group were significantly lower than model group (P < 0.01), andscores of Weilingxian group was significantly lower than common culture media group (P<0.05). Injectable chitosan/β-glycerolphosphate gel encapsulating allograft chondrocytes could repair articular cartilage defects, and Weilingxian was able to promote the process of it, this manifested the role like growth factor in tissue engineering technique repairing articular cartilage defects.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that Weilingxian can maintain and promote the synthesis of proteoglycan and collagen Ⅱ of chondrocyte,and protect artlcular cartilage and postpone the development of osteoarthdtis by inhibiting the level of intedeukin-1(1L-1)possibly.OBJECTIVE:Based on the previous studies,to observe the effect of Weilingxian on the proliferation of rabbit knee articular chondrocyte and transforming growth factor-β1 mRNA expression,and then to explore the role and possible mechanism of Weilingxian in the treatment of osteoarthdtis.METHODS:Knee cartilage was shredded after harvested from New Zealand white rabbits under sterile conditions,and chondrocytes were isolated and cultured by the way Of enzymatic digestion.After identifying by toluidine blue staining,the third-passage calls in the logarithmic growth phase were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into two groups after adherence.The experimental groups were cultured in DMEM with 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,and 1.0 mg/mL Weilingxian,while the control group was given with normal medium alone.Chondrecytes morphology was observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope,and the phenotype was identified by toluidine blue staining;Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium(MTT)assay method was adopted to observe the influenca of Weilingxian with difierent concentrations on the proliferation of chondrocytes,and anti-transcription-polymerase chain-type reaction(RT-PCR)was used to assay the expression changes of transforming growth factor-β1 mRNA.RESULTS AND CONCLUSlON:Primary cultured chondrocyte was round-shaped,and most of It adhered after 24 hours,the appearance was polygonal and irregular-shaped;after passage,cell growth was faster than before,the typical appearance was slabstone-like;long spindle-shaped chondrocytes appeared after four generations;after six generations,most cells showed long spindle-shaped fibroblast-like appearance,the rate of growth also slowed down.Extracellular matrix of chondrocytes was stained to be blue by toluidine blue staining,and the nucleus was dark blue.Different concentrations of Weilingxian could promote the proliferation of chondrocytes,effect of 0.5 mg/mL group was significantly,and the peak of proliferation was on the third day.0.05,0.1,0.5,and 1.0 mg/mL Weilingxian group could promote the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 mRNA.and there was no significant difference between four groups(P＞0.05),but the peak was at 0.5 mg/mL group.Weilingxian can promote proliferation of chondrocyte and transfonlling growth factor-β1 mRNA expression,and these may be one of the possible mechanisms that Weilingxian can work in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

AIM: To study the cell apoptosis and the change of microstructure and ultrastructure in epididymis with experimental varicocele (EVC) in rats. METHODS: Experimental varicocele model was induced by partial ligation of the left renal vein in adolescent Sprague-Dawley Wistar rats. Apoptotic cells were detected by in situ terminal deoxynucleotityl transferase-mediated dTUP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. The corpus epididymis of the rats was prepared for light and electron microscopic observation. The microstructure and ultrastructure of the epididymis were studied. RESULTS: There was certain proportion of apoptosis cells in epididymis cells in control rats. The incidence of apoptosis increased remarkably in experimental group than that in control group (P

Objective To clarify the inhibitory effect of low molecular weight chitosan(LMCTS)on hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )in the rats, and to investigate its effect on the expression of Toll-like receptor-4(TLR4 )and to lay the foundation for the development of the clinical candidate drug of liver fibrosis. Methods 72 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group, CCl4 group (model group), glycyrrhizinate (DG)group,50,100 and 150 mg·kg-1 LMCTS groups (low,middle and high doses of LMCTS groups).In addition to blank control group,the rats in the remaining groups were given 40% CCl4-vegetable oil (1.75 mL·kg-1 ),2 times per week for 8 weeks,by intraperitoneal injection to establish the model of rat hepatic fibrosis.And the rats in blank control group were injected with the same amount of 100% vegetable oil agent. From the ninth week, the rats in DG and LMCTS groups were given DG and LMCTS by intragastric administration, 1 time/week for 4 weeks. Then all rats were sacrificed, the activities of serum glutamic acid aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST)and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)were detected with ELISA kit;the pathological changes in liver tissue were observed under light microscope, and the TLR4 expressions were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting method. Results The serum ALT, AST and ALP activities in middle and high doses of LMCTS groups were lower than those in model group (P<0.05).The serum ALT activity in middle dose of LMCTS group was lower than that in low dose of LMCTS group (P<0.05),but the activities of AST and ALP had no statistically significant change(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the serum ALT, AST and ALP activities between high dose of LMCTS group and middle dose of LMCTS group (P<0.05).There were obvious hepatocyte steatosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,collagen fiber hyperplasia and hepatic lobule damage in the rats in model group.However,all the changes in liver tissue of the rats in LMCTS group were significantly reduced, especially in high dose group. The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting method showed that the expression of TLR4 was declined in LMCTS groups compared with model group (P<0.05,P<0.01),especially in high dose of LMCTS group,and there were statistically significant differences between different doses of LMCTS groups (P<0.05).Conclusion High dose of LMCTS can decrease the serum transaminase activity of liver fibrosis rats and improve liver function,and this process may be related to declining the expression of TLR4 .

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in Sichuan population during the monitoring period of 2018-2019, and to clarify the antigenic variation, the gene characteristics and the matching of current epidemic strains, vaccine strains, representative strains at home and abroad. Methods: A total of 118 strains of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus isolated in Sichuan region influenza network laboratory from April 2018 to March 2019 were selected. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay was conducted for antigen analysis. The HA and NA genes of 16 strains with low-response strains were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis and amino acid locus variation analysis were applied using BioEdit and MEGA5.0 software. Results: The result of the antigen analysis demonstrated that more than 95% of the A(H1N1) pdm09 influenza viruses detected were similar to the WHO recommended vaccine strain A/Michigan/45/2015. The analysis of HA gene characteristics showed that some low-response strains had amino acid site variation in the Sa, Sb and Cb regions of the HA protein. A total of 15 low-response strains belonged to the 6B.1 branch. And their evolutionary relationship were close to the representative strains A/beijin-xicheng/SWL1633/2018 and A/brisbane/02/2018, which were popular at home and abroad. Compared with A/sichuan/1/2009, there are mutations involving 6, 14 and 1 amino acid sites in the antigen-determining regions (Sa, Sb, Ca and Cb), non-determined regions and receptor binding site(RBS) respectively. No amino acid site mutations related to resistance to NA gene were found. Conclusions In 2018-2019, the epidemic A(H1N1) pdm09 influenza virus in Sichuan is consistent with the global epidemic characteristics, which also matched with vaccine strains recommended by WHO in the northern hemisphere. Compared with A/sichuan/1/2009 which was the first isolated in China in 2009, there were amino acid sites mutations in antigen-determining region and receptor binding site of the HA protein, and the transmembrane region of the NA protein, drug and antibody binding sites.

Objective To investigate the treatment of biliary complications in perioperative stage of live transplantation. Methods From January 2007 to December 2009, 23 patients suffered from surgical biliary complications after liver transplantation. The clinical data including the types of biliary leakage,treatment, prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of 12 biliary leakage patients, 7 were anastomotic leakage, 3 with leakage of bile duct on the cutting surface of the graft of living ralated liver transplation, 1 with cystic duct leakage and 1 with leakage of aberrant biliary duct. Of 11 biliary stricture patients, 4 patients were anastomotic stenosis and 7 patients were no-anastomotic stenosis. The anastomotic biliary leakage of 7 patients was cured with biliary tract reconstruction in 2 patients, with cholangioenterostomy in 2 patients, with biliary reparation in 1 patient and peritoneal drainage in 1 patient but the patient with dual graft received re-transplantation. Three patients with biliary leakage on liver cut surface respectively receiving reparation or drainage were cured, of which 1 patient suffered from bile duct stricture and was finally cured by ERCP. One patient with biliary leakage of aberrant bile duct and 1 with biliary leakage of cystic duct were cured by salvage surgery. For the 4 patients with anastomotic stenosis, 3 patients were cured by ERCP and 1 patient recovered by biliary reconstruction. Among the patients with nonanastomotic stenosis, 3 cases were alleviated by ERCP or PTCD, another 3 patients had to receive retransplantation, of which 2 patients recovered well without surgery-related complications, one died of severe infection. Conclusions Biliary complications are common among liver transplant patients often causing significant mortality and morbidity necessitating comprehensive salvage procedures, though most of them are preventable.

Objective To evaluate the effect of microecologic treatment combined enteral nutrition on serum endotoxin,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-18 (IL-18),blood ammonia levels and nutritional status in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.Methods 60 patients with hepatic encephalopathy were allocted randomly into 3 groups,on the basis of conventional liver protective therapy and uragogue with one group given probiotics plus enteral nutrition,one given probiotics only,and the 3rd group given intravenous nutrition.The whole course of treatment was four weeks.Serum levels of endotoxin,TNF-α,IL-18,ammonia and albumin were determined before and on the 7th and 14th day after treatment.Results The levels of serum endotoxin,TNF-α,IL-18 and blood ammonia in the combined treatment group decreased remarkably after treatment,while the level of serum albumin elevated markedly.The difference was significant at statistics as compared with the only probiotics group and intravenous nutrition group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Microecologic treatment combined enteral nutrition could effectively reduce blood ammonia and serum endotoxin levels,protect intestinal mucosal barrier,as well as improve nutritional status of patients with hepatic encephalopathy,which was considered as a safe and efficient therapy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Budesonide/formoterol to control asthma under real-life conditions.Methods A muhi-center, open label, non-interventional study was conducted.Asthma control after 12 week therapy with Budesonide/formoterol was assessed by Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and modified Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ5).Results A total of 360 asthma patients were recruited,including 228 adult patients and 132 child patients.After 12 weeks' therapy,all the patients' medium value of ACQ was decreased significantly from 2.03 (adults 2.20, children 1.74) at baseline to 0.60 (adults 0.78, children 0.29) (P < 0.0001), and the medium value of ACQ5 was also decreased significantly from 2.4 (adults 2.24, children 1.76) at baseline to 0.47 (adults 0.62, children 0.20) (P < 0.0001).Conclusion Budesonide/formoterol is effective in asthma treatment, by which most asthma patients obtain and maintain clineal control.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical technique of the pericanal electrode insertion technique for ies cochlear implantation. METHOD: Forty cases of sensorineural deafness were subjected to the ies cochlear implants. Cochleostomy was performed through the external auditory canal with a microdrill anterior to the round window. The electrode impedance and electrically auditory brainstem responses(EABR) were tested during the operation. The X-ray photographs were taken after the operation. The cochlear implant was activated in all 40 cases 4 weeks following surgery. RESULT: All of the electrodes were inserted and all of the implants worked well. No electrode extrusions or serious surgical complications happened during postoperative observation for 6 months. CONCLUSION The pericanal electrode insertion technique is a safe approach for ies cochlear implantation.
Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Cochlear Implants ; Ear Canal ; surgery ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; surgery