Isometric exercise(IE) is an essential component of daily living activities.Lack of IE may result in deconditioning of IE capacity.IE has not been used in cardiac rehabilitation because of poor understanding in cardiovascular response to IE and the Valsalva Maneuver associated with IE.Eingteen healthy young subjects aged 23.7 yrs on average was studied by administration of beta blocker and antagonist of opioids during IE.The result demonstrated that the regulation of cardiovasular response during IE is attributed to both sympathetic system and opioids activity.Twenty patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were also studied during brief maximal IE,sustained maximal IE and dynamic exercise(DE).The patients included 13 cases with more than one vessel lesions and 7 post myocardial infarction and/or angina.Ten age matched apparent healthy subjects were examined as the control group.The result showed that IE without the Valsalva Maneuver in patients with CAD might increase coronary artery perfusion by enhancing diastolic pressure and prolonging diastolic period,which had no harmful effect on CAD.Hemodynamic responses and cardiac function were weaker during IE than DE.The intensity of the responses to IE was correlated to the central command but not to the absolute work load.It is concluded that significant release of endogenous opioids due to strong central command during IE,especially perceived maximal sustained IE,may help to attenuate activity of sympathetic system,thus reducing risk of exercise in patients with CAD.

Justified the necessity of remote pathology consultation in China, and described the basic approach of such consultation in terms of the conditions, organizational framework, specialists and consultation process of the hospital. on the basis of benefit in pationts, the consultation helps the development of the pathology department and other specialist departments at the same time, builds initially a pathology quality control system, and accelerates the multi-discipline diagnosis and treatment approach. Expect to encourage contemplation on international remote pathology consultation in an effort to improve such a practice for the benefit of patients.

Objective Previous studies showed that hypoxia preconditioning could protect cardiac function against subsequent myo-cardial infarction injury. However, the effect of hypoxia on left ventricular after myocardial infarction is still unclear. This study therefore aims to investigate the effects of hypoxia training on left ventricular remodeling in rabbits post myocardial infarction. Methods Adult male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: group SO (sham operated), group MI (myocardial infarc-tion only) and group MI-HT (myocardial infarction plus hypoxia training). Myocardial infarction was induced by left ventricular branch ligation. Hypoxia training was performed in a hypobaric chamber (having equivalent condition at an altitude of 4000 m, FiO214.9%) for 1 h/day, 5 days/week for four weeks. At the endpoints, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the plasma was measured. Infarct size and capillary density were detected by histology. Left ventricular remodeling and function were as-sessed by echocardiography.Results After the 4-week experiment, compared with the group SO, plasma VEGF levels in groups MI (130.27 ± 18.58 pg/mL,P< 0.01) and MI-HT (181.93 ± 20.29 pg/mL,P< 0.01) were significantly increased. Infarct size in Group MI-HT (29.67% ± 7.73%) was deceased remarkably, while its capillary density (816.0 ± 122.2/mm2) was significantly increased. For both groups MI and MI-HT, left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions were increased whereas left ventricular ejection fraction was decreased. However, compared with group MI, group MI-HT diminished left ventricular end-diastolic (15.86 ± 1.09 mm,P< 0.05) and end-systolic dimensions (12.10 ± 1.20 mm,P< 0.01) significantly and im-proved left ventricular ejection fraction (54.39 ± 12.74 mm,P< 0.05).ConclusionHypoxia training may improve left ven-tricular function and reduce remodeling via angiogenesis in rabbits with MI.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of emodin on the proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and expression of hematopoietic growth factors in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

METHODSThe proliferation of rat BMSCs exposed to emodin was analyzed using MTT assay, and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis and cell cycle changes of the exposed cells. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of the hematopoietic growth factors.

RESULTSExposure to 0.1 and 1 µg/ml emodin for 48 and 72 h significantly enhanced the proliferation of BMSCs (P<0.01). The cells exposed to 0.1 µg/ml emodin showed significantly increased percentage of cells in G2/M phase (P<0.05), and 1 µg/ml emodin exposure caused increased cells in S phase (P<0.01) and decreased cells in G1/G0 phase (P<0.05). Emodin exposure for 48 h resulted in significantly decreased cell apoptosis (P<0.05). BMSCs treated with 0.1 µg/ml emodin showed a significant increase in the expression of thrombopoietin mRNA (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONEmodin can promote the proliferation of BMSCs in vitro possibly by regulating the cell cycle distribution, cell apoptosis and thrombopoietin expression.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats

With the rapid development of organ transplantation in China,the donation after cardiac death (DCD) donor organs are widely used.However,the quality of these organs is relatively poor,so the way to preserve and maintain organ still remains a severe problem.Among them,ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) impairs the organs severely.Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) protects organs from stress conditions,including ischemia-reperfusion injury,and the activation and autophagy inhibition also protects the organs from stress conditions as well.Recent studies showed that ALDH2 can regulate autophagy to inhibit the organ injury during ischemia-reperfusion.Our study aims to discuss the new findings in this mechanism.

More and more studies have been focusing on marginal donor livers, such as steatotic liver grafts, to alleviate donor shortage and reduce mortality from waiting lists. Poor tolerance of streatotic liver grafts often leads to primary graft nonfunction, early dysfunction, and postoperative vascular and biliary complications. Some studies have shown that moderate and severe macrosteatosis livers can be used for transplantation with rigorous selection of recipients. In this paper, techniques such as venous systemic oxygenated persufflation, hypothermic oxygenated perfusion, subnormothermic machine perfusion, normothermic machine perfusion, improved liver quality, and steatotic liver grafts transplantation were discussed.

Recent years, national laws and government policies were published as series to encourage the development of group standardizations. The updated Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China, implemented on January 1^st, 2018, stipulates that group standard is a part of the Chinese standard system. Under the current supportive circumstances, more institutes and organizations have joined in the writing and releasing procedures of group standards’. Despite the rapid development of group standardization to publish, we are still at the phase of exploring and regulating group standardizations. This review summarizes the development and practice on the development group standardization in the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association and analyzes current condition and deficiency of the work in China, in order to develop suggestions and strategies to improve and regulate group standardization.