Objective To define the characteristic values of the pharyngeal cavity by comparing the values of measures and ratios between the patients with obstructive sheep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAS) and controls.Methods Sixty-eight OSAS patients who were diagnosed using polysomnography,and 56 healthy people were scanned by MSCT(multiple slices computed tomography)in the awake state.Then, the values were measured on the reformated images and were compared between two groups.Results Of the 63 values,49 values were different between the two groups,and among those,4 values were entered into the Discriminant Functions.These were the left-right diameter(LR)[OSAS:LR=(9.4?3.7)mm,controls: LR=(20.1?5.0)mm,t=-13.820,P=0.000)and the cross-sectional area(XSA)[OSAS:XSA= (54?27)mm~2,controls:XSA=(164?77)mm~2,t=-10.944,P=0.000]of RP,the heights of tongue [OSAS:(75.4?8.3)mm,controls:(58.4?9.8)mm,t=10.476,P=0.000],the lengths of uvula/the lengths of airway(OSAS:0.139?0.039,controls:0.154?0.048,t=-1.983,P=0.050).Conclusions Many measures and ratios were different between the two groups,but there were overlaps between them. Measures using the Discriminant Functions can help the diagnosis of OSAS.

China ; Food ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Food Inspection ; methods ; Plants ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe differences of therapeutic effects among acupuncture bloodletting, penicillin and acupuncture bloodletting combined with penicillin for children acute tonsillitis and providea better treatment method in cli nic.

METHODSSeventy-five mild cases were selected into section of mild symptoms while seventy-five severe cases were selected into section of severe symptoms. Cases in the two sections then were divided into, an acupuncture bloodletting group, a penicillin group and a comprehensive group by random digital table method separately, 25 cases in each one. Qu-chi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Dazhui (GV 14), Shaoshang (LU 11) and Erjian (EX 11) were selected in the acupuncture bloodletting group, intravenous injection of penicillin sodium was applied in the penicillin group and acupuncture bloodletting combined with penicillin was applied in the comprehensive group. Efficacy assessment was conducted after 3 days in the section of mild symptoms and after 5 days in the section of severe symptoms.

RESULTSFor the section of mild symptoms, the total effective rate was 96.0% (24/25) in the comprehensive group and 92.0% (23/25) in the acupuncture bloodletting group, which were both superior to 68. 0% (17/25) in the penicillin group (P<0.05), but no statistical significance was seen between the comprehensive group and acupuncture bloodletting group (P>0.05). For the section of severe symptoms, the total effective rate was 96.0% (24/25) in the comprehensive group, which was obviously superior to 60.0% (15/25) in the acupuncture bloodletting group (P<0.01) and 68.0% (17/25) in the penicillin group (P<0. 05), and no statistical significance was seen between the acupuncture bloodletting group and penicillin group (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy of acupuncture bloodletting combined with penicillin is little different from that of acupuncture bloodletting for treatment of children acute tonsillitis with mild accompanied symptoms, which were both superior to intravenous injection of penicillin sodium. For severe accompanied symptoms, the efficacy of acupuncture bloodletting combined with penicillin is obviously superior to acupuncture bloodletting and penicillin.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Bloodletting ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Penicillins ; therapeutic use ; Tonsillitis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

A series of isoindoline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their double inhibitory activities. All of them were new compounds, and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and HR-MS. Preliminary in vitro pharmacological tests showed that all compounds exhibited 5-HT or NE reuptake inhibition activity. Among the tested compounds, compound I-3 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against 5-HT and NE reuptake in vitro, and exhibited potent antidepressant activity in vivo. These compounds designed can be further optimized for finding more potent 5-HT/NE dual reuptake inhibitors and antidepressant candidates as well.
Antidepressive Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Biological Transport ; Drug Design ; Isoindoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective To explore the Kano model analysis in the application of midwife outpatient service quality management. Methods Kano questionnaire was consisted of 24 items, including five parts, environment facilities, service evaluation, service technology, the team service, delivery service′quality. Using the Kano model analysis, the impact factors of the midwife outpatient service quality in five different quality attributes were determined. It included property and had the opposite answer to the question, charisma, essential properties and one property. Results By identifing the quality index classification of the pregnant women with satisfactory service quality to midwife outpatient service, attributable to a property were 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,14,20,21;attributable to mandatory attributes were 13, belonging to the charm of the property had 5,6,7,11,12,15,16,17,18,19,22,23,24. Midwives outpatient had most of charisma attribute, 54.2%(13/24) of the total;The second was one attribute, 41.7% (10/24) of the total. The technology level of midwife was essential attribute. Conclusions Kano mode analysis technology will be introduced to the midwife outpatient service quality management to provide decision reference for improving the quality of the hospital management level, improve maternal satisfaction, improve the obstetric operation efficiency.

The effect of pioglitazone on mRNA expression of advanced glycosylation end products(AGE) receptor(RAGE)was observed in renal cortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.The RAGE mRNA expression was significantly raised in diabetic control group as compared with that in the normal control group(P

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(S-VEGF)in patients of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with the end-point of progress-free survival rate.Methods Sera from 89 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma,who presented and treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy or surgical resection in Cancer Center d Sun Yat-Sen University from December 2002 to May 2004,were sampled at the time of pre-treatment.30 cases of health individuals without any evidence of disease were selected as control group.For patients with surgical resection were performed with esophagectomy and extended lymphadenectomy.For patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy comprised of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil.The radiotherapy dose of 2 Gy per day was initiated on Day 1 of chemotherapy and continued daily for 5 days per week for 6 weeks,for a total close of 60 Gy.Two courses of chemotherapy were given during radiotherapy at 6-week intervals.The serum vascular endothelial growth factor(S- VEGF)levels were measured with a solid phase enzyme Human VEGF Immunoassay ELISA kit.The end point of this study was progress-free survival,and time was calculated from the date of diagnosis to date of relapse or last follow evaluation.Results S-VEGF level of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of heahhy controls(475.93?44.76 pg/ml vs.294.20?23.40 pg/ml;P=0.020).S-VEGF levels in patients with StageⅢand StageⅣdisease were significantly higher than those in patients with Stage I and StageⅡdisease.The 1-year progress-free survival rate d high S-VEGF group(≥475 pg/ml)was significantly lower than that of the low S-VEGF group(＜475 pg/ml)(24% vs.66%;P=0.0004).The 1-year progress-free survival rate of the patients with StageⅠand StageⅡdisease was significantly higher than that of patients with StageⅢand StageⅣdisease(71% vs.29%;P=0.0015).The variables were assessed by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model,and the results revealed that the clinical stage and the S-VEGF were first and second independent prognosis factor,respectively.Conclusions In the current study,a high S-VEGF was found to be associated with tumor progression,poor treatment response,and poor survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Objective To explore the distribution rule of metastatic lymph node in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods 315 histopathologically proved NPC patients were studied retrospectively.All patients had had their nasopharynx scanned by MRI with plain and contrast enhanced sequences.The distribution of lymph node was divided into six cervical levels plus retro- pharyngeal nodes(RN) according to RTOG guidelines proposed in 2003.Results 254 out of 315 patients (80.6%) had lymph node involvement,with 81 in the right neck alone,72 left neck alone,and 101 both necks;73 in RN alone,21 neck node alone,and 160 both necks and RN node.Skip metastasis was found in only 4 patients (1.6%).There was significant difference in BN metastasis between the primary tumor be- ing located merely on the superior/posterior wall and lateral wall (78% vs 49%,P＜0.01).The incidence of lymph node metastasis in T1,T2,T3 and T4 patients was 73.5%,91.2%,71.9%,73.5% (P＞0.05), respectively,without significant difference between early or advanced T stage in node distribution (P＞0.05).Conclusions The incidence of lymph node metastasis is high in nasopharyngeal carcinoma,with retropharyngeal node being the most commonly involved,but the incidence of skip metastasis is very low. There is no significant difference between T stage and the incidence of lymph node metastasis.So is the dis- tribution of metastatic node.

Mycoepoxydiene is a novel antitumor agent extracted from marine lignicolous fungi HLY-2, which is Diaporthe phaseolorum by molecule identification. The medium optimization for mycoepoxydiene by orthogonal design and the comparison of submerged fermentation and solid state fermentation were studied. The rusult is that the maximal yield of the compound is 543mg/L, which is 43 times compared to the customary half-seawater PD medium and 15 times to the best submerged condition. This optimum culture medium included potato 250g/L, seawater 300mL/L, glucose 30g/L, lactose 50g/L, KH_ 2 PO_ 4 0.65mmol/L and (NH_ 4 )_ 2 SO_ 4 1g/L in the solid state condition. Differentiation analysis between submerged and solid state fermentation, and antitumor activity of these ferment products were also studied. The antitumor activity of products of the optimum medium approached the pure compound.

Objective To evaluate the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and delayed surgery for infant hepatoblastoma.Methods TACE was performed with the initial digital subtractive angiography (DSA) under general anesthesia 1-3 times in 8 infants with huge hepatoblastoma, whose age was 2 to 12 months. DSA was done via arterials in hepatoblastoma each time before chemoembolization. The arterials were perfused with chemodrugs and suspensions in ultrasome iodized oil , and were blocked with spring rings. DSA findings indicated that the tumor shrank without new tumorous arterials after 1 month in 6 cases, and 4 of them showed no tumorous staining, and the delayed surgery was performed successfully 1 week later in 6 infants. One boy underwent systemic chemotherapy alone during 6 months after 3 times of TACE. Results TACE therapy did not encounter any major technical problem or toxic reaction caused by chemotherapy. The following DSA test 4 weeks later did not detect any new tumorous vessels in 6 cases. Six children received TACE and surgery had been followed-up with no tumor recurrence for months averagely. The boy underwent TACE and venous chemotherapy for 6 months , without surgery , had been followed-up for 48 months until the present report. CT, AFP and DSA did not show any hints of tumor recurrence. Six cases receiving 3 times TACE combined with surgery survived without tumor recurrence. Conclusions TACE is a very effective, safe and helpful therapy for hepatoblastoma, which stressed the repeated use of spring ring to block tumor vessels lastingly if necessary. If surgery is required, DSA test is needed beforehand to detect new tumorous vessels or neoplasm. If there is any , TACE is repeated. TACE combined with surgery may provide an additional promising choice in the treatment of hepatoblastoma, and repeated TACE alone may cure hepatoblastoma in infants.