The envelope gene of ADOL-4817 strain of avian leukosis viru s subgroup J (ALV-J) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and clo ned into TA vector. The sequence analysis results showed that the envelope gene is composed of 1?746 bp, 1?554 bp of which could be translated into 517 amino acids for gp85 and gp37. The molecular weight of envelope protein is 57.7kD. T here are 15 potential glycosylation sites in the envelope protein, 13 of which i s located in gp85. Analysis of sequences of envelope gene indicate that ADOL -4817 showed high degree of sequence identity to other ALV-J strains, and m ost close ly related to the like-envelope gene of endogenous virus EAV-HP but divergent from these of other ALV subgroup A-E . These data support the hypothesis that envelope gene of avian leukosis virus subgroup J maybe acquired by recombination with expressed sequences.

Hospitals ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; Quality Control ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo study features of brain gray matter injury in cerebral infarction patients and intervention of scalp acupuncture by using voxel-based morphology.

METHODSA total of 16 cerebral infarction patients were recruited in this study, and assigned to the scalp acupuncture group and the control group, 8 in each group. Another 16 healthy volunteers were recruited as a normal group. All patients received scanning of T1 structure. Images were managed using VBM8 Software package. Difference of the gray matter structure was compared among the scalp acupuncture group, the control group, and the healthy volunteers.

RESULTSCompared with healthy volunteers, gray matter injury of cerebral infarction patients mainly occurred in 14 brain regions such as cingulate gyrus, precuneus, cuneus, anterior central gyrus, insular lobe, and so on. They were mainly distributed in affected side. Two weeks after treatment when compared with healthy volunteers, gray matter injury of cerebral infarction patients in the scalp acupuncture group still existed in 8 brain regions such as bilateral lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, left cuneus, right precuneus, and so on. New gray matter injury occurred in lingual gyrus and posterior cingulate gyrus. Two weeks after treatment when compared with healthy volunteers, gray matter injury of cerebral infarction patients in the control group existed in 23 brain regions: bilateral anterior cingulum, caudate nucleus, cuneate lobe, insular lobe, inferior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, precuneus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, lingual gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and so on. New gray matter injury still existed in 9 cerebral regions such as lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and so on.

CONCLUSIONSBrain gray matter structure is widely injured after cerebral infarction. Brain gray matter volume gradually decreased as time went by. Combined use of scalp acupuncture might inhibit the progression of gray matter injury more effectively.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Brain Injuries ; therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; therapy ; Gray Matter ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Scalp ; Stroke ; therapy

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(S-VEGF)in patients of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with the end-point of progress-free survival rate.Methods Sera from 89 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma,who presented and treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy or surgical resection in Cancer Center d Sun Yat-Sen University from December 2002 to May 2004,were sampled at the time of pre-treatment.30 cases of health individuals without any evidence of disease were selected as control group.For patients with surgical resection were performed with esophagectomy and extended lymphadenectomy.For patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy comprised of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil.The radiotherapy dose of 2 Gy per day was initiated on Day 1 of chemotherapy and continued daily for 5 days per week for 6 weeks,for a total close of 60 Gy.Two courses of chemotherapy were given during radiotherapy at 6-week intervals.The serum vascular endothelial growth factor(S- VEGF)levels were measured with a solid phase enzyme Human VEGF Immunoassay ELISA kit.The end point of this study was progress-free survival,and time was calculated from the date of diagnosis to date of relapse or last follow evaluation.Results S-VEGF level of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of heahhy controls(475.93?44.76 pg/ml vs.294.20?23.40 pg/ml;P=0.020).S-VEGF levels in patients with StageⅢand StageⅣdisease were significantly higher than those in patients with Stage I and StageⅡdisease.The 1-year progress-free survival rate d high S-VEGF group(≥475 pg/ml)was significantly lower than that of the low S-VEGF group(＜475 pg/ml)(24% vs.66%;P=0.0004).The 1-year progress-free survival rate of the patients with StageⅠand StageⅡdisease was significantly higher than that of patients with StageⅢand StageⅣdisease(71% vs.29%;P=0.0015).The variables were assessed by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model,and the results revealed that the clinical stage and the S-VEGF were first and second independent prognosis factor,respectively.Conclusions In the current study,a high S-VEGF was found to be associated with tumor progression,poor treatment response,and poor survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

The real sanghuang is a new species belonging to the Inonotus, which is commonly used for cancer treatment and human immune system improvement. This review summarized the progress on the studies of Phellinus Quel in recent years, including its taxonomy status, bioactive components, pharmacodynamics, separation and purification technologies. In addition, some related problems and perspectives were also discussed.
Animals ; Basidiomycota ; chemistry ; classification ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between the geo-authentic and geologic background system (GBS) and physicochemical properties of soil for the cultivation of Panax notoginseng.

METHODThe physicochemical properties of soil were analyzed, the geologic background system between producing areas of Yunnan and Guanxi of P. notogiseng was compared.

RESULTThe distribution of P. notoginseng was restricted by GBS, The yellow-red soil of fragmentary rock mixed with carbonate seems to be most suitable for the growth.

CONCLUSIONThe most suitable soil for growing P. notoginseng is the neutral or weakly acidic soil with loam clay, particularly that with low base saturation percentage.

China ; Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Panax ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Soil

Objective:To defermine the optimal harvest time for P. notoginseng through studying the changes of saponin contents with growth periods.Methods: P.notoginseng samples were collected from the experiment al plot regularly, and then the contents of total saponin and some main single saponins were analyzed by HPLC. Results:Total saponin contents decreased from April through July, and increased from August through December. Conclusion:The optimal harvest time is determined as from October through December, which corresponds to the traditional harvest time.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of PRCB1a (one component of polysaccharides from Radix Cynanchi Bungei) on transformation of T lymphocytes of rabbit in vitro and immune function in mice.

METHODThree doses of PRCB1a (2,4,6 g x L(-1)) were respectively put in bottle with PHA and blood of rabbit. The effect of PRCB1a on immunity in vitro was studied by observing transformation of T lymphocytes; The dosage of PRCB1a (50,100,150 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) was given orally for seven days. The effects on immune function were investigated in mice.

RESULTThree doses of PRCB1a could significantly promote (P < 0.01) the ability of T lymphocytes proliferation; PRCB1a could improve the mouse thymus and spleen index, the celiac macrophage ability of engulfing CRBC, the delayed type hypersensitivity ability and the macrophage engulfing carbon granula ability.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate PRCB1a can enhance nonspectific and specific cellular immune function.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cynanchum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Lymphocyte Activation ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of iptkalim on myocardial enzymes and free radicals metabolism with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), in order to provide evidence for the mechanism of iptkalim on clinical treat.

METHODS110 young men stayed at high altitude above 5 000 m were divided into iptkalim group (n = 74) and placebo group (n = 36), aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), nitric oxide(NO) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) were detected before and after took medicines for 6 mouths.

RESULTSAfter took medication for 6 mouths, ALT, AST, gamma-GT, CK and LDH were reduced, SOD, NO, and NOS were increased, MDA were reduced, there were very significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOxygen free radicals have taken part in the process of HPH, iptkalim have the effect of anti-peroxidation of lipid and protect myocardial cells stress injured by hypoxia which related with mitochondrial membrane and cell membrane's K(ATP) channel activation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Altitude ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; blood ; etiology ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; complications ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; Potassium Channels ; agonists ; Propylamines ; pharmacology ; Young Adult

Based on variation of Pinus massoniana families, heritablility and correlation analysis, the contents of shikimic acid and procyanidine (heritability 0.90, 0.70), dry weight of single branch (heritability 0.60) and and leaf length (heritability 0.46) were screened out as quality, yield and harvest cost traits of Folium Pini, respectively. For the different medicinal application of Folium Pini, varied methods were chosen to estimate weight and construct index equation. Weight adjustment based.on equal emphasis were used as economic weight determining method to select the best families, and the index (accuracy 0. 936 4 and heritability 0. 881 6) obtained was a little better than that obtained by equal emphasis, and much better than that by restricted index. The superior families selected with adjustment weight and equal emphasis were No. 46, 43 and 28. Partial regression were used as economic weight determining method to select the best families,and the index obtained had the highest accuracy (0.941 5) , index heritability (0. 889 9) and the genetic gain of shikimic acid content. The superior families selected with this method were No. 46, 27 and 47. No. 46 was the best families with maximal economic benefit. Our study indicated that suitable method for estimate weight and construct index equation can be applied for better accuracy of superior families selection of P. massoniana.
Breeding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Pinus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development