OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Antrodia cinnamomea on gene expression related to aortal endothelial injury of rats with hyperlipidemia.

METHODFifty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control group (NG), the model group (MG), the antrodia cinnamomea groups of low, middle and high doses (AC-LG, AC-MG, AC-HG, 250, 500, 1 000 mg x kg(-1)). The rats were fed with high-fat diets to establish the hyperlipidemia model. After the drug administration for 10 weeks, their serum lipid, SOD, MDA and ox-LDL, LOX-1, P38 MAPK and NF-kappaB mRNA and protein expression were respectively determined, and the aortal endothelial injury was observed under electron microscope.

RESULTIn the model group, the contents of TC, TG and LDL-C significant increased (P < 0.01), whereas the content of HDL-C significant decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, both the AC-M group and the AC-H group showed reduction in endothelial injury and significant decrease in the content of TC, TG and LDL-C (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The content of HDL-C increased, but with no significant difference. SOD activity in serum remarkably increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), MDA and ox-LDL levels dramatically decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONA. cinnamomea can alleviate endothelial lipid injury by inhibiting the expressions of LOX-1, P38MAPK and NF-kappaB in aorta and better protect aortal endothelial cells from oxidative lipid injury.

Animals ; Antrodia ; chemistry ; Aorta ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Biological Products ; pharmacology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Microscopy, Electron ; NF-kappa B ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Scavenger Receptors, Class E ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Triglycerides ; blood ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid and traditional risk factors of coronary artery disease. Basic information was obtained by using questionnaire and measured for blood pressure , height ,weight. Venous blood was collected for detecting fasting plasma glucose ,serum lipid and uric acid. All data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0. Correlation analysis was used to assess the association of serum uric acid and traditional risk factors of coronary artery disease in patients with coronary artery disease. Results The mean value of serum uric acid in coronary artery disease is 6.3 mg/dL. The level of serum uric acid was significantly higher in male than that in female. Serum uric acid and body mass index(r = 0.137,P < 0.001),systolic blood pressure (r = 0.053,P = 0.025)and triglycerides(r = 0.188,P < 0.001)had a positive correlation. Serum uric acid was negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol(r =-0.146,P < 0.001)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(r=-0.340,P<0.001). Serum uric acid was higher in patients with men,smoking,drinking,and chronic CAD. The serum uric acid level was lower in patients with exercise time more than 30 minutes than no movement or movement time less than 30 minutes. Conclusion Elevated serum uric acid were associated with body mass index,systolic blood pressure,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,estimated glomerular filtration rate,male,smoking,and chronic CAD.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT). Methods CLKT was performed on 22 patients. The orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) was preceded with the classic fashion in 10 patients and piggyback fashion in 12 patients. The renal allograft was implanted to the iliac fossa routinely. After operation, the patients received an induction therapy with anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody or antithymocyte globulin ( ATG) and a maintenance therapy with tacrolimus (Tac), mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone. Results The CLKT was successfully performed on all 22 patients, and the graft function was restored well postoperation. During the perioperative period, an acute rejection episode of liver occurred in one patient and acute renal allograft rejection episode in 2 patients. The Tac toxicity occurred in one patient. The hemorrhage of digestive tract occurred in one recipient and the hemorrhage of peritoneal cavity in one patient. The pleural effusion occurred in 6 recipients. The pneumonia occurred in 2 cases and the peritoneal infection in one patient During a follow-up period of 6 months to 7 years 11 months, three patients died because of cytomegalovirus pneumonia in 2 patients and acute myocardial infarction in, one patient, The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rate of recipients was 86,4 %, 81.3 %, 72.7 % respectively. Conclusion The CLKT is an effective method for treatment of patients with end-stage liver djsease and chronic renal failure.

AIM: To observe the effect of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation intravitreal bevacizumab in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma ( NVG) .
METHODS:Twenty-two cases (22 eyes) who presented with NVG were first treated with intravitreal bevacizumab 0. 1mL ( 2. 5mg ), then with Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation after regression of iris neovessels. Cases were followed - up for 6 - 36 ( mean 24 ) mo with observation on visual acuity, IOP control, regression of iris neovessels, and complications during or after surgery.
RESULTS: Iris neovessels was regressed in different degree after injection within 1wk in 22 eyes. At final follow-up, the IOP of 18 eyes were all less than 21mmHg without any drugs and of 3 eyes with 1-3 kinds of anti-glaucoma drugs after combined Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. The IOP of one eye was controlled after cryotherapy. The mean IOP dropped from 45. 36 ±8.13mmHg preoperatively to 15. 59 ± 3. 21mmHg postoperatively. IOP reduction was statistically significance between preoperative and postoperative ( P<0. 05) at final follow-up. Visual acuity was improved in 9 eyes (41%) and was no changed in 13 eyes. No serious complications were observed during or after intravitreous bevacizumab injection and Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation.
CONCLUSION: Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and intravitreal bevacizumab in the treatment of NVG is useful and safe. It improves the success rate of surgery and preserves visual function, furthermore its complications are less.

Objective To explore the effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac) on biological behaviors of lung cancer A549 cells in nude mice.Methods Thirty-six models of transplanted tumor in Balb/c mice were established by using lung cancer A549 cells and divided into three groups:control group,without given any immunosuppressant; CsA group,intraperitoneally given CsA; Tac group,intraperitoneally given Tac.The transplanted tumor growth curve was drawn according to the transplanted tumor volume,and the influencing ratio was calculated according to the final tumor weight.The changes in cell migration ability were observed by using Transwell system.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to examine the apoptosis index of the transplanted tumor.Quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA.Results The growth of transplanted tumor in CsA and Tac groups was faster than in control group.Final tumor volume and final tumor weight in CsA and Tac groups were greater than those in control group.The influencing ratio in CsA and Tac groups was 19％ (P＜0.05) and 25％ (P＜0.05),respectively.The migration ability was greater in CsA and Tac groups than in control group (P＜0.01).The apoptosis index of the transplanted tumor in CsA and Tac groups was lower than in control group (P＜0.05).The expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA was higher in CsA and Tac groups than in control group (P＜0.05),and that of Bax mRNA was lower in CsA and Tac groups than in control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Both CsA and Tac can promote the growth of transplanted tumor in nuce mice bearing 549 cells and enhance the invasion forces,which is probably related with the apoptosis induction of tumor cells.

Objective To explore the impact of induction therapy with anti-lymphocyte agents on long-term survival of kidney transplantation.Methods 271 recipients of first cadaveric kidney transplants were treated with tacrolimus,mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone.110 patients of them received induction therapy with anti-thymocyte globulin(ATG group),88 patients received Basiliximab(Bax group),and the remaining 73 patients did not receive induction therapy(control group).The data of AR,DGF,CMV infection,and 1- 3- 5-year patient/allograft survival rate in three groups were retrospectively during a follow-up period of 1 to 5 years postoperatively.Results Within 6 months after operation,the incidence of AR in control group,ATG group and Bax group was 17.8 %(13/73),9.1 %(10/110)and 10.2 %(9/88)respectively.The incidence of AR in ATG group and Bax group was significantly lower than in control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in incidence of DGF and CMV infection among three groups.The 1-,3- and 5-year allograft survival rate postoperation in ATG group and Bax group was 95.5 %,90.9 %,87.3 % and 93.2 %,87.5 %,83.8 % respectively,which was significantly higher than in control group(87.7 %,80.8 % and 75.3 %,P<0.05).Conclusion Induction therapy with anti-lymphocyte agents may reduce the early incidence of AR and prolong long-term allograft survival significantly.

Objective To explore the outcomes of kidney transplant recipients who developed urinary and male genital cancers after transplantation. Methods Data of 31 kidney transplant recipients developed de novo urinary and male genital cancer were compared with data of 31 patients in general population with the same age and same tumor stage. Results Compared with the general population, the overall survival was significantly worse in the transplant recipients (P=0. 02) , 5-year survival rates for each group were 50% vs 68%. Multivariate analyses demonstrated cancer stage to be a negative risk factor for survival for transplant recipients with de novo urinary and male genital cancer, and surgery and functioning graft to be the positive survival predictors. Conclusions Transplant recipients experience worse outcomes than the general population from urinary and male genital cancers. Cancers in transplant recipients are more biologically aggressive at the time of diagnosis.

A mature appressorium cDNA library of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea, was constructed in a lambdaTriplEx2 vector by SMART cDNA library containing 2.37x10(6) independent clones about 100% of which harbor foreign cDNA inserts with average size of 660 bp. Of 9 randomly selected clones, 2 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) sequences did not have homologous EST sequences of M. grisea in GenBank. The appressorium cDNA library is suitable for gene expression analysis and function analysis of the late stages of appressorium formation and the early stages of penetration of M. grisea.
Cloning, Molecular ; methods ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Gene Library ; Magnaporthe ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate how network education can improve college students' knowledge on sexual and reproductive health in Ningbo city.

METHODSFrom December 2012 to June 2013, we conducted a questionnaire investigation among college students in Ningbo city about the effects of network education on their knowledge about sexual psychology, sexual physiology, sexual ethics, and reproductive health.

RESULTSA total of 7 362 college students accomplished the investigation, of whom 2 483 (42.1% males and 57.9% females) received network education, while the other 4 879 (24.1% males and 75.9% females) did not. Approximately 47.1% of the male and 28.0% of the female students acquired sexual and reproductive knowledge via network education. Reproductive health-related network education significantly enriched the students' knowledge about the reproductive system and sex, pubertal development, sexual physiology, conception and embryonic development, methods of contraception, sexual psychology, sexually transmitted diseases and their prevention, pregnancy care and eugenics, and environment- and occupation-related reproductive health (P < 0.01). It also remarkably improved their cognitive attitude towards reproductive health knowledge (P < 0.01). Those who received reproductive health-related network education showed a significantly higher rate of masturbation (P < 0.01) but markedly later time of the first masturbation (P < 0.01) than those who did not.

CONCLUSIONNetwork education can enhance the effect of reproductive health education among college students and improve their sexual experience and health.

China ; Contraception ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Masturbation ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Reproductive Health ; Sexual Behavior ; physiology ; psychology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities

ObjectiveTo investigate the factors for standard TAC-related nephrotoxicity in renal transplant recipients. MethodsClinical data of 132 patients in TAC-based regiment with a dose of 0. 15-0.3 mg· kg-1 · day-1 and a trough level of 8-11 μg/L during first 2 years post renal transplantation, were retrospectively analyzed. TAC-related nephrotoxicity was diagnosed by renal biopsy and/or clinical criteria. All recipients were divided into 2 groups: TAC nephrotoxicity group (n = 25) and control group (n = 107). Logistic regression analysis was used to rank the relative risk of potential variables including age, gender, delayed graft function (DGF), drug exposure, duration of therapy,liver function, albumin level, hematocrit and gene polymorphism for CYP3A5 and MDR1.ResultsTAC-related nephrotoxicity was found in 25 (18. 9 ％ ) recipients. Univariate and Logistic regression analysis revealed that the influencing factors for TAC-related nephrotoxicity with a standard immunosuppressive regimen and a normal trough level range were identified as: abnormal liver function (RR = 3. 05,95 ％ CI 0. 879-11. 533, P = 0. 024), albumin level (RR = 0. 966,95 ％ CI 0. 994-1. 006, P = 0. 018 ), hematocrit ( RR = 0. 999, 95 ％ CI 0. 998-1. 000, P = 0. 032), CYP3A5 gene polymorphism (RR= 0. 777,95 ％ CI 0. 023-6. 798,P= 0. 032) ,and MDR1 gene polymorphism (RR=0. 654,95 ％ CI 0. 053-7. 109, P = 0. 017). ConclusionLiver function, albumin level, hematocrit, and gene polymorphism for CYP3A5and MDR1as well are influencing factors for TAC-related nephrotoxicity in renal transplant recipients with a standard immunosuppressive regimen and a normal trough level range,in which abnormal liver function is the most important adverse risk factor. These factors should be considered for better individual therapy in renal transplant recipients.