Objective To evaluate the functional outcomes of the phacoemulsification(Phaco)with posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis(PCCC),or with PCCC and anterior vitrectomy(AV)on after cataract.Design Meta analysis based on the reference searching.Participants A comprehensive electric search in MEDLINE,CNKI,CBMdisc,VIP information,CMCC,CCPD,SSreader,21dmedia and a manual search in related textbooks,journals,congress articles and their references in English and Chinese.Methods Strictly include and exclude the relevant articles from the resource with statistical criterion and get the needing data.Statistically analysed the data with software of Review Manager4.2.2,SPSS10.0.Heterogeneity of the included articles was tested that used to select appropriate effect model to Meta-analysis.Treatment effect was measured as odds ratio between Phaco with PCCC group and Phaco with PCCC+AV group.Change the selected effect model and calculate the fail-safe number(Nfs)to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the research.Main Outcome Measures Sensitivity,heterogeneity,the according confidence intervals(CI)and Nfs.Results Six studies were included,with a sum of 305 eyes.With the outcomes of heterogeneity test,the fixed effect model was used in both groups to calculate OR.The pooled OR of after cataract was 0.13(95%CI is 0.06-0.25).Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that no disproportionate influences of individual study.And Nfs=76.8,the result was confirmed.Conclusion Phacoemulsification with posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy is superior to phacoemulsification with posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis on preventing after cataract.

Objective To study the influence of bilateral optic nerve transections on the expression of Nogo A/B and NgR in hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus neurocytes of rats in order to elucidate the possible regulatory mechanisms of supraoptic nucleus regeneration.Methods Twelve adult SD rats were randomly assigned into 2 groups(6 each): control group and optic nerve division group(transection of bilateral optic nerves).Sham operation was done in,rats of the control group without transection of sptic nerves.The rats' brains were removed from both groups 7 days after surgery,and then frozen sections of the brains were made.Different antibodies and fluorescent probe dyes were used to label Nogo-A/B and NgR proteins in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus neurocytes.And then laser-confocal microscopy was used to observe these proteins.Results No Nogo-A/B and NgR proteins were expressed in neurocytes of hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus in control group.However,Nogo-A/B and NgR proteins were positively expressed around the nuclei of neurocytes in rats of the optic nerve division group 7 days after bilateral optic nerve transection in the said area Conclusions Nogo-A/B and NgR may participate in the regeneration regulation of supraoptic nucleus neurocytes after injury.However,there must be other factors also involved in the regeneration regulation mechanisms.The existence of these factors might explain the strong activity of regeneration of supraoptic nucleus neurocytes after injury even with the existence of the major axon regeneration inhibitor Nogo-A/B and its receptor NgR in the microenvironment.

Objective To study the possible protective mechanisms of Anisodamine against liver injury induced by hemorrhage shock(HS). Methods In this study, we established animal models induced by HS and endotoxin, observed the expressions of NF-?B mRNA and heat shock protein 70(HSP 70) mRNA by In-situ hybridization (ISH) in liver kupffercells(KC) and studied the pathologic changes of the liver tissue by microscope. Results After stimulus of HS and injection of endotoxin, the mRNA expressions of HSP70 and NF-?B in KC were (0.1565?0.0260) and (0.1659?0.0103),respectively, and significantly higher than those in the control group (0.0328?0.0201; 0.0256?0.0043)(P

Objective To isolate and cultivate the retinal stem cells(RSCs) with improved method,identify the RSCs from embryonic rats,explore the RSCs' features in growth and differentiation,and research for an effective method to cultivate retinal stem cell in vitro from rat ocular tissues.Methods RSCs were isolated from rodents and humans and characterized in vitro.RSCs were isolated from SD rat embryonic retina(gestational age 18d) by shearing,blowing,digesting,centrifuging and filtering,and amplified by using serum-free DMEM/F12 medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),and then the cells were cultured and sub-cultivated by floating growth in vitro.After sub-cultivation,the RSCs were gathered by centrifuging,differentiation was induced with 5% fetal bovine serum(FBS),and the differentiated cells grew and adhered to the culture medium.Immunocytochemistry was employed with specific antibodies to identify RSCs and their potentiality of differentiation.The potentiality of RSCs to replace retinal cells in retinal degenerative diseases was confirmed by transplantation test.Results The primarily cultured retinal cells could grow in a floating state to,form compact cellular spheres,and they had the potential to proliferate in vitro in subsequent cultures to form new cellular spheres.After incubation in the medium with bromodeoxyuridine(BrDU),most of both primarily cultured and sub-cultivated cells expressed the neuroectodermal marker Nestin and BrDU.Differentiated RSCs expressed CD90.1(Thy1.1) after being induced.Conclusion The isolated retinal stem cells from SD embryonic rats,which are undifferentiated,multipotent and may self-renew,have the ability of proliferation and differentiation in vitro,and the differentiated RSCs possess the characteristics of retinal neural cells,including differentiation to retinal ganglion cells.

There is a variety of gut microbiota in human body, which is closely associated with the health and disease. Normal gut microbiota can produce colonization resistance to pathogens. Antibiotics can affect the composition of gut microbiota and change the intestinal microenvironment, resulting in intestinal microecological disorders, which in turn cause intestinal pathogenic infections and other diseases. In this paper, the concept of intestinal microecology, the mechanism of intestinal colonization resistance, the effect of antibiotics on intestinal microecology, and the treatment methods were reviewed, aiming to provide the information for the rational use of antibiotics and the development of more effective treatment methods to maintain the stability of intestinal microecology.

Aim To investigate the brain targeting of ginkgolide B prodrug (PGB ) and its mechanism. Methods The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS /MS)method was applied to in-vestigate the pharmacokinetics of PGB in rat brain tis-sue after intravenous injection of PGB.Also the brain targeting was evaluated on the basis of the pharmacoki-netic parameter of PGB.The incomplete cerebral is-chemia model was induced in mouse,the effect of PGB on cerebral capillary permeability was observed by Ev-ans blue method.High performance liquid chromatog-raphy (HPLC)was used to determine the partition co-efficients (logP)of PGB in octanol-water system.PGB and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)was docked by using Mole-gro Virtual Docker (MVD)software to predict its bind-ing abilities with P-gp.The interaction of PGB with ATPase activity of human P-gp membrane was esti-mated by measuring inorganic phosphate liberation. Results The brain targeting of PGB was evaluated by treatment effective (TA ) and drug targeting index (DTI),the calculated value were 6.87 and 4.1 4 re-spectively.Preventive medication of PGB could signifi-cantly decrease cerebral capillary permeability (P <0.05).The lipo-hydropartition coefficient of PGB was higher than that of GB,their logP data were 1 .03 and 0.61 respectively.PGB displayed the stronger binding affinity with P-gp than GB according to the molecular docking calculations,their MolDock Score toward P-gp were -1 43.36 and -1 1 6.40KJ·mol -1 respectively. ATP-hydrolisis showed that PGB increased ATPase activity with a Km of approximately 237.75 μmol · L -1 ,however GB with a Km of approximately 841 .24μmol·L -1 .PGB might interact with P-gp with a high-er affinity and exhibit more effect than GB.Conclu-sion PGB is characterized by its brain targeting. Higher liposolubility of PGB results in good blood-brain permeability,which is advantageous to its brain targe-ting.Besides,PGB can effectively inhibit the efflux effect of P-gp to GB because of its increased P-gp AT-Pase activity.

Objective To provide vessel anatomical materials guidance for endovascular aortic repair,the branches artery of thoracic aortic was studied by CT angiography (CTA).Methods From January 2008 to February 2012,739 adult cases' CTA data were collected,all cases performing thoracic CTA in Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command.We measured the diameter and/or leugth of the ascending aorta,aortic arch and branches artery of aortic arch,and made an analysis.Results The aortic arch includes standard and variant types.Standard type is common,which accounted for 91.1％ of the total number,while variant type accounted for 8.9％.In the standard aortic arch of patients,the diameter of aortic arch above the opening of coronary artery (CA) was (35.7 ±4.3) mm,the diameter of ascending aortic arch at the opening of brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) was (33.6 ±4.2) mm,the diameter of aortic arch between the BCT and the left common carotid artery (LCCA) was (29.4 ± 5.7) mm,the diameter of aortic arch between the LCCA and the left subclavian artery (LSA) was (27.6 ± 4.2) mm,the diameter of descending aortic at the opening of the LSA was (25.4 ± 4.5) mm,the diameter of the head BCT from aortic arch was (12.9 ±0.9) mm,the diameter of the head LCCA from aortic arch was (8.5 ± 0.7) mm,the diameter of the head LSA from aortic arch was (10.4 ± 1.1) mm,the length of aorta between the CA and the BCT was (53.3 ±12.5) mm,the length of aortic between the BCT and the LCCA was (4.7 ± 1.5) mm,the length of aortic between the LCCA and the LSA was (7.9 ± 2.6) mm,the length between the opening of BCT and the right subclavian artery (RSA) was (41.1 ± 8.2) mm,the length between the opening of LSA and the opening of left vertebral artery was (38.5 ±5.7) mm,the angle between the horizontal of BCT and the LCCA and the sagittal plane was (71.2 ± 7.2) °,the angle between the plane of LCCA and the LSA and the plane of sagittal was (31.1 ± 2.9)°.Conclusions The CT data of the thoracic aorta can be used as reference for production of stents and guide releasing the stents in endovascular repair.

BACKGROUND:Despite tissue repair with a kind of stem cels has achieved great outcomes, but the combination of two or more kinds of stem cels to construct tissue-engineered bone is stil rare.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of tissue-engineered bone constructed based on combining adipose-derived stem cels with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and alogenic bone in rabbit posterior intertransverse lumbar interbody fusion models.
METHODS:Seventy-five New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. L5,6 interbody fusion models were made in each group. Then, these five groups were respectively treated as folows (1) group A: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels/alograft iliac bone with adipose-derived stem cels; (2) group B: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels/alograft iliac bone with normal saline; (3) group C: alograft iliac bone with adipose-derived stem cels; (4) group D: alograft iliac bone with normal saline; group E: autologous iliac bone alone. Each group was detected by PET/CT to contrast the standard uptake value at 1, 3, 5 weeks postoperatively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: PET/CT images showed varying degrees of bone fusion and bone metabolism enhancement in the five groups. With time, the standard uptake value was increased in each group, and except the group D, the standard uptake value was higher in al the groups at 3, 5 weeks than at 1 week (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the standard uptake value of al the five groups at weeks 3 and 5 after operation (P > 0.05). The standard uptake value of the group A was better than that in the group B and group E (P < 0.05). Taken together, the combination of adipose-derived stem cels and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels for rapid production of tissue-engineered bone has good osteogenesis and vascularization.

A novel Aspergillus terreus strain M11 was isolated from the compost containing cellulose and identified. The isolate grow best at 45℃ and pH2.0. It was found that the activity of the CMCase was up to 3.680IU/mL with high heat stability and the optimal reaction conditions of the CMCase were at 60℃ and pH2.0.

0.05), but the level of albumin dropped significantly(P