Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dioxins ; pharmacology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; genetics ; metabolism ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

?AIM:To investigate the correlation between dry eye and different degrees of diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) in type 2 diabetic patients.?METHODS: In the cross-sectional study, 340 patients (340 eyes) with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Tear film function tests including tear meniscus height, tear film breakup time ( BUT ) , fluorescein staining, Schirmer Ⅰtest were performed followed by surveying questionnaires about dry eye. Retinal status was evaluated by retinal color photography and indirect ophthalmoscopy exam with dilated pupils to evaluate DR and whether companied by macular edema.?RESULTS:The prevalence of dry eye was 49. 41%. The mean duration of diabetes in patients with dry eye was 11.15±7.07a, while 6.92±5.45a without dry eye(P<0.01). Dry eye had the positive correlation to the development of DR. The incidence of dry eye in people with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR ) , moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was 1. 097 times, 1. 724 times, 2. 86 times and 5. 43 times respectively, compared with people without DR. The occurrence of dry eye in people with macular edema increased by 3. 697 times compared with people without macular edema.?CONCLUSION: Dry eye was more prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes. The incidence of dry eye increased gradually with the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy.

Azure Stains ; chemistry ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; chemistry ; Humans ; Rosaniline Dyes ; chemistry ; Staining and Labeling ; economics ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

Objective: Our aims were to evaluate the plasma vitamin A status and the function of T-cell dependent immunity in lung cancer patients， so as to explore the correlation between them. Methods：We measured the plasma vitamin A status with HPLC and checked the subsets of T lymphocyte with indirect immunofluorescence technique. Results： The levels of plasma vitamin A in lung cancer patients and in controls were(0.406±0.111)mg/L and(0.548±0.149)mg/L respectively . There was a significant difference between them(P＜0.001) . The levels of CD3， CD4，and CD4/CD8 were lower in lung cancer patients than those in controls， while the level of CD8 was higher. The plasma vitamin A had positive correlation with CD3 , CD4，and negative with CD8. Conclusion： There is defect of the plasma vitamin A and low level of the function of T cell dependent immunity in lung cancer patients，which shows the obvious correlation between them. This research supplies the basis of clinical therapy to lung cancer with vitamin A.

Objective To explore an efficient way to modulate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) ? and ?, and to build up a model of endometrial cancer cell expressing predominantly one isoform of ER and to verify the roles of ER ? and ? in the tumorigenesis of endometrial cancer associated with estrogen and tamoxifen (TAM). Methods A series of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODN) against ? or ? regions of ER ? or ? were synthesized and tested in human endometrial cancer cell lines (Ishikawa) that express functional ER ? and ?. The expressions of two ER isoforms were detected by western blot using specific antibodies. Then we studied the change of Ishikawa proliferation in response to 17?-estradiol and TAM under the influence of antisense ODN. Results (1) Transfection with antisense ODN directed against the ER? and ER? could significantly inhibit target protein production. (2) 17?-estradiol could increase the proliferation of Ishikawa cells, but they lost the ability to proliferate in response to 17?-estradiol after transfected with ER? antisense ODN especially at hours 24, 48 and 72 ( P

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) is well known to negatively regulate T cells responses, but its role in burn-induced T cells immune suppression remains unclear. In the present study, in order to identify the relationship between Tim-3 expression and post-burn T cells immune suppression, C57BL/6 mice were subjected to burn injury or sham injury, and the liver and spleen were harvested at the day 1 after operation. The expression level of Tim-3 on hepatic or splenic T cells and the functional properties of Tim-3(+) T cells were evaluated. It was found burn injury induced dramatically elevated Tim-3 expression on both hepatic and splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in contrast with the post-burn depletion of T cells. Furthermore, Tim-3 expression was correlated with the suppressive phenotype of T cells following burn injury, including increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α, reduced T cell proliferation and elevated co-expression of Tim-3 and PD-1. Moreover, Tim-3(+) T cells subsets were more prone to spontaneous apoptosis than Tim-3(-) T cells subsets. Our findings reinforce the idea that the up-regulated expression of Tim-3 on T cells after burn injury plays an important role in the development and maintenance of burn-induced T cell immune suppression.

Objective To analyse the clinical effect of Quantianma capsules combined with flupentixol and melitracen tablets on chronic migraine. Methods 130 patients with chronic migraine were treated with flupentixol and melitracen tablets, were divided into control group and observation group, 65 patients in each group. The observation group were given to Quantianma capsules. Results The effective rate of observation group with 90.77% was higher than control group with 73.85%(P<0.05). After treatment, the number of migraine attacks, duration time, VAS score, HAMA and HAMD score and mean flow velocity of cerebral artery of two groups were lower than pre-treatment and observation group were lower than that of control group(P<0.05). Adverse reactions were similar in the two groups. Conclusion Quantianma capsules can improve the efficacy of treatment of chronic migraine combined with flupentixol and melitracen tablets and improve condition with few adverse effects.

AIM: To evaluate the protective effects of mycophenolate mofetil on the kidneys of type 2 diabetic rats and discover their mechanisms. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into three groups, such as normal control rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats in the treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, 15 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ). Thirteen weeks later, urinary albumin excretory rate (UAE), creatine clearance (Ccr), blood glucose, blood insulin and blood lipid were measured, and kidney pathology was observed. Inmmunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of CTGF, ColI and ColⅢ. RESULTS: Mycophenolate mofetil decreased UAE, Ccr and reduced glomerular volume. The expression of CTGF and deposition of ECM decreased after diabetic rats received mycophenolate mofetil. CONCLUSION: Mycophenolate mofetil can protect the kidney of diabetic rats. Its mechanism may be related to the decrease of CTGF expression and extracellular matrix deposition in renal tissue.

Objective To study the mechanism of hyperintensed signal at interpeduncle region in meseneephalon on DWI with diffusion sensitive gradient(Gd)applied perpendicular to the slice direetion (DWIs).Methods MRI scanning was centered at interpeduncle region.and the protocols were as follows:(1)With electrocardiograph(ECG)triggering,DWIs was acquired during systole or diastole periods respectively.(2)To observe the shape of hyperintense signal,DWIs with various slice directions was applied,which was set parallel to skull base,along Y axis,or along the oblique line between Y and Z axis with 30°to Z axis.(3)Fiber tracking was performed with the hyperintense signal as"seed"region,fractional anisotropy(FA)and ADC were derived from(multiple directions diffusion weighted imaging,MDDW).FA and ADC of hyperintease region were compared with those of the nearby fiber by using pair t-tesL Results Signal intensitv of hyperintense region on DWIs were 2296.28±38.19 and 153.81±37.91 for b=0 and b=1000 at systole period.while they were 295.36±38.84 and 154.03±37.52 at diastole period.No staffstical difference wag demonstrated between them(t=1.34,0.62,P＞0.05).The ADC valus on DWIs acquired during systole and diastole periods were(6.07±2.20)×10-4and(6.69±1.44)×10-4 mm2/s respectively.There was rio statistical difference between them(t=0.94,P＞0.05).DTI fiber tracking verified that the hyperintense region located at the decussation of superior eerebelum peduncle(SCP)in mesencephalon.It was in long and narrow heart shape or rectangular shape on DWIs.The shape depended on the direction of Gd The ADC value derived from MDDW at hyperintense region and the fiber below were(10.61±3.42)×10-4 and(9.24±2.21)×10-4 mm2/s respectively.No statistical difference was demonstrated between them(t=0.61.P＞0.05).While,the FA at hyperintensed region 0.43±0.13 was less than that of the fiber below 0.61±0.08(t=8.32.P＜0.05).Conclusions The shape of the hyperintense region on DWIs depends on the direction of Gd.The cardiac period has no effects on the hyperintense signal at peduncles,which may be attributed to the anisotropy of SCP decussation in mesencephalon.

Objective To investigate the influence of epigallocatechin gallate ( EGCG)on reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse podocytes exposed to high glucose. Methods Mouse podocytes cultured in high glucose were exposed to different concentrations of EGCG (0.2, 10, 100 μmol/L) or α-tocopherol (0.2 μmol/L) for 6, 12, 24 hours. The viability of podocytes was detected by MTT. The intracellular formation of ROS was detected by confocal microscopy with fluorescent probe CM-H2DCFDA and was measured by fluorescence microscopy. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of p22phox, p47phox and p67phox mRNA in cultured podocytes exposed to different concentrations of EGCG. Results Intracellular ROS generation was significantly higher in high glucose than that in control conditions (P<0.01). EGCG could significantly inhibit ROS induced by high glucose significantly (P<0.01). EGCG (100 μmol/L) led to an inhibition of the increased production of NADPH oxidase components of p22phox and p67phox mRNA in high glucose (P<0.05). The expression of p47phox mRNA in high glucose was inhibited by EGCG(0.2 μmol/L) and ot-tocopherol(0.2 μmol/L) (P<0.05). Conclusion EGCG can protect cultured mouse podocytes from injury of high glucose by inhibiting ROS formation.