China ; Industry ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of herbs for replenishing yin to tonify kidney on testicular ultrastructural changes in rats with glucocorticoid-induced kidney deficiency. METHODS: Thirty rats were randomized into three groups: normal control group, untreated group and Erdi Biejia Decoction (EDBJD)-treated group. Kidney deficiency rat model was induced by glucocorticoid. Testicular structure and ultrastructure were observed under the light microscope and the transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The light microscope revealed the decreased thickness of seminiferous epithelium layer, reduced number of spermatogenic cells, interstitial tissue edema, and a qualitative reduction in the number of interstitial cells and hematoxylin-eosin stained cytoplasm in the untreated group. The transmission electron microscope revealed loose structure of seminiferous epithelium, degenerative mitochondria, and increased amounts of lysosome, presence of numerous cytoplasmic vacuolation and chromatin in interstitial cell cytoplasm in the untreated group. The aggregates of heterochromatin around the nuclear membrane and the shrinkage of nucleus were also observed. Compared to the untreated group, these pathological changes were inconspicuous in EDBJD-treated group. CONCLUSION: EDBJD as replenishing yin to tonify kidney herbs can suppress glucocorticoid induced pathological changes in the testes of rats.

Objective To assess the efficacy of pulmonary surfactant on acute lung injury.Methods The randomized controlled study involving pulmonary surfactant on acute lung injury were identified from Cochrane Library,PubMed,China Academic Journals Full-text database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chinese Journal Full-text database.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,the quality of papers were evaluated and then extract the valid data for meta-analysis.Results The current study included 5 English papers,including 1219 cases of patients.Meta analysis showed that:(1) There was no significant difference between experimental group and control group in term of mechanical ventilation(WMD =-1.08,95％ CI(-3.00,0.85),P =0.27).(2) Two studies conducted the ICU time comparison and there was no difference in experimental group and control group(WMD =-0.61,95％CI(-4.63-3.41),P =0.77).(3) Three studies were conducted the survival rates and no difference had found regarding of survival rates between experimental and control group (RR =1.41,95 ％ CI(0.94-2.11),P =0.10).Conclusion The existing clinical evidences showed the addition of pulmonary surfactant have no significant effect regarding of mechanical ventilation time,ICU length of stay and survival rate in patients with acute lung injury compared with conventional therapy However,due to the quality and the limitations of the studies and selection bias and measurement bias,it was needed more high-quality,large-scale randomized controlled clinical studies to validate.

In this paper, a colorimetric method with high sensitivity, reproducibility and low cost for determining glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity was developed based on Berthelot reaction. The optimum substrate system is 0.2 mol/L MacIlvaine buffer pH4.7, containing 0.1 mmol/L pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) and 10 mmol/L L-monosodium glutamate (L-MSG). The reaction mixture consisted of 200 ?L substrate solution and 1～100 ?L enzyme preparation from lactic acid bacteria and was incubated at 30℃. The enzymatic reaction was terminated by immersion in ice-water and addition of 200 ?L 0.2 mol/L sodium borate buffer, pH9.0, then 1 mL 6% phenol solution and 400 ?L sodium hypochloride were added. Color development was carried out in boiling water for 10 min then immediately put in ice-water bath for 20 min. The optical density is read at 630 nm. ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) produced was calculated using the standard curve. Applications of the method in GAD studies were discussed.

Objective To investigate the distribution and the antibiotic resistance profile of clinical isolates in the First Affiliate Hospital of Anhui Medical University during 2015.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems.Results A total of 5 524 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected during 2015,including gram-negative bacteria (3 882,70.3 ％),gram-positive bacteria (1 642,29.7 ％).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant isolates in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) was 57.6％ and 83.0 ％,respectively.All staphylococcal isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid.E.faecalis and E.faecium accounted for 46.1％ and 46.8 ％ of enterococcal isolates.Some E.faecalis and E.faecium strains were nonsusceptible to vancomycin or linezolid.The prevalence of extended-spectrum lactamases (ESBLs) positive strains was 62.0 ％ in E.coli,32.2 ％ in Klebsiella and 18.8 ％ in Proteus mirabilis.Enterobacteriaceae strains were still highly susceptible to carbapenem antibiotics,evidenced by lower resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae strains to ertapenem,imipenetn and meropenem (a11＜22 ％).Conclusions It seems that antibiotic resistance still poses a serious threat to clinical antimicrobial therapy.More attention should be paid to resistance surveillance and rational use of antibiotics.

Objective To understand the status of soil-transmitted nematode infections,as well as the awareness and healthy behavior on soil-transmitted nematodiasis in rural residents of Dezhou City. Methods Six villages were selected according to the stratified sampling method;the permanent resident population aged 3 years or above was determined as the investigation objects. The modified Kato-Katz technique was adopted to detect the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides,hookworm and Trichuris trichiura in the feces of the residents,and the method of cellophane anal swab was used to detect the Enterobius vermicularis infection in children under 12 years old. More than 50 households in each investigated site were randomly selected to investigate the awareness status on nematodiasis prevention and treatment and the condition of healthy behavior formation. Results A total of 2 294 residents were detected by Kato-Katz methods,11 of them were positive,and the total infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes was 0.48%. To-tally 260 children were detected and 40 were infected with E. vermicularis,and the infection rate was 15.38%. A total of 898 resi-dents were investigated in the household survey and the awareness rate of nematodiasis prevention and treatment was 44.99%,the proportion of residents with healthy behavior was above 70%. Conclusions The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode is low in rural areas of Dezhou City,but the infection rate of E. vermicularis in children is higher. The condition of healthy behavior forma-tion is satisfying,but the awareness rate of nematodiasis prevention and treatment of the residents is low. Therefore,the control measures as well as healthy education still should be strengthened.

· AlM: To explore the correlation of center retinal thickness and axial length in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( DR) .
· METHODS:A total of 80 cases ( 155 eyes ) of non-proliferative DR patients were divided into three groups according to the axial length, 22~24mm of 27 cases (51 eyes) were normal group, 24 ~26mm of 28 cases ( 55 eyes) were long axis group, >26mm of 25 cases ( 49 eyes) were super long axis group.The center retinal thickness and ocular axial length of three groups were measured and the correlation of center retinal thickness and axial length were analyzed.
· RESULTS:Among the inner ring and outer ring, the center retinal thickness of upper and lower, bitamporal and nasal side of super long axis group was thicker than that in normal group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05 ); Among the inner ring and outer ring, the center retinal thickness of upper and lower, bitamporal and nasal side of super long axis group was thicker than that in long axis group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); The DR central macular of retinal thickness was no correlation of the axial length ( P >0.05 ), but retinal thickness get thinning with increased of axial length on the inner ring and outer ring area, showed a negative correlation ( rinner ring =-0.63, router ring=-0.67, P<0.05).
·CONCLUSlON:Center retinal thickness and ocular axial length in non -proliferative DR patients, and center retinal thickness of super long axis patients are thinning obviously.

As one branch of epigenetics, the sirtuins family ( ClassⅢ histone deacetylase) receive much attention in recent years. SIRT1 as the most famous of the sirtuins family members has been verified involved in a variety of age-related diseases. While the SIRT1 formation is paid more and more attention in age-related cataract. Now, we briefly overviewed the research progress on the role of SIRT1 in age-related cataract.

AIM To study the relationship between the response of hypertension patients to Adalat and the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene. METHODS 554 hypertension subjects were treated with Adalat. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected. Genotypes of the GNB3 gene were measured by the PCR RFLP method. Linear and logistic regression were used to analyze the association between GNB3 genotypes and the response to Adalat. RESULTS The frequency of the 825T allele in our hypertensive group (48 4%) was slightly higher than that of the normal Chinese reported previously by Siffert W et al. (42%). The average SBP decrease after 15 days of Adalat treatment of subjects with the T allele was significantly less than that of the subjects with the CC genotype (?=-3 3, P= 0 03). Using logistic regression, the subjects with the T allele were less likely to reach good treatment result compared to those with the CC genotype (OR=0 33, P =0 02). CONCLUSION The GNB3 gene C825T polymorphism is related to the response to Adalat.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with pituitary thyrotropin-secreting adenoma and evaluate the effect of preoperative short-acting octreotide treatment on hyperthyroidism.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed in 40 patients with pituitary thyrotropin adenoma diagnosed in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2008 to January 2018. The general data, laboratory examinations and imaging findings were reviewed and analyzed. The clinical effect of preoperative octreotide on hyperthyroidism was evaluated.Results:The age of onset year of the 40 patients (male: female = 24∶16) was (30.5±5.1) years. Among them, 35 patients (87.5%) were with macroadenoma. The most common symptoms were thyroid hypermetabolism syndrome, followed by headache, dizziness, visual field damage and hypogonadism. The thyroid function of 30 patients (75%) recovered to normal within 3-5 days after the octreotide treatment. The total effective rate of the octreotide was 90.0%. The level of free thyroxine (FT 4) before treatment in patients with more than 10 times of effective cumulative dose was significantly higher than that in patients with less than 10 doses. Conclusions:Thyroid hypermetabolism syndrome and pituitary occupying effect are the most common clinical manifestations of thyrotropin-secreting adenoma. Preoperative octreotide treatment can effectively control hyperthyroidism. The level of FT 4 is a crucial factor affecting the efficacy of octreotide.