Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; Young Adult

Adult ; Aged ; Copper ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVE:To improve the drug delivery procedures and reduce the defects occurred in drug delivery.METHODS:The five procedures of six sigma including defining,measuring,analyzing,improving and controlling were applied to improve the drug delivery in our hospital's single dose dispensing(UDD)center.RESULTS:Due to the application of the six sigma method,the defect rate of drug delivery dropped from 25.1%(before the initiation of the six sigma method)to 5%(after the initiation of the six sigma method),which was significant lower as compared before the initiation of the six sigma method.CONCLUSION:Six sigma method contributed to the reduction of defect rate of drug delivery,so it deserves to be widely used in each management link in UDD center so as to improve the quality of dispensing.

Objective:To analyze the craniofacial morphology characeristics of patients with peg-shaped upper lateral incisors. Methods:1 13 patients,aged 12 ~28 years,with peg-shaped upper lateral incisors were included,lateral cephalograms were taken and analyzed cephalometrically.Data were statistically analysed.Results:The sagittal facial patterns were skeletal Class Ⅰ(40.71%),skeletal Class Ⅱ(9.73%)and skeletal Class Ⅲ(49.56%).The vertical skeletal patterns were average vertical type (41.59%),high vertical type(18.58%)and low vertical type(39.82%).SNA,ANB,Ptm-A(mm),U1-SN,L1-NB,UL-EP were smaller(P<0.05)and SNB,PP-GoGn,SN-MP,Y axis,U1-L1,U1-NA,L1-MP and Z angles were increased(P<0.05).Conclu-sion:Patients with peg-shaped upper lateral incisors show Class Ⅲ skeletal pattern with maxillary retrognathia and mandibular prog-nathism.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the dynamic contractions on the surface electromyography (sEMG) single of stroke patients induced from the low limb muscle when exercising passively, exercising initiatively with assistant and against resistance.Methods 24 stroke patients with hemiplegia and 17 normal subjects were tested with sEMG under a dynamic contractions in coxa and knee flexion and extension passively, initiatively with assistant and against resistance. The myoelectric signals were collected and processed by linear time and frequency domain method.Results The values of median frequency (MF) and mean power frequency (MPF) of stroke group were significantly lower, but the value of average EMG (AEMG) was higher ( P<0.001). The values of MF and MPF in activity side were lower than that in non-activity side ( P<0.001). The values of MF and MPF when exercising passively were higher than that when exercising with resistance ( P<0.05). The value of AEMG when exercising with resistance was highest. The values of MF and MPF in the synergist muscle were higher. The values of AEMG in the antagonistic muscle and synergist muscle were higher than that agonist and synergist muscle ( P<0.01). The values of MF and MPF in non-paretic exercising side were higher significantly, but in paretic exercising side and non-paretic silent side were lower. The values of MF and MPF in exercising side from vastus lateralis (VL) were the highest. The values of AEMG in exercising side and non-exercising side from biceps femoris (BF) were the highest. The values of MF and MPF in low limb of stroke group reduced, that in rectus femoris (RF) from paretic side was the lowest; that in BF from non-paretic side was the lowest ( P<0.01). The value of AEMG in low limb of stroke group was high significantly, especially in BF from the low limb of the non-paretic side in stroke patients. The values of AEMG in four group muscles gradually were higher following the higher exercising load, and that in the BF was the highest, and that in vastus medialis (VM) rose significantly.Conclusion The values of MF and MPF of stroke patients with hemiplegia reduce significantly, but the value of AEMG is higher. The values of MF and MPF in exercising side are lower than that in non-exercising side and non-paretic exercising side rising significantly, but that in paretic exercising side and non-paretic silent side reduce significantly. The values of MF and MPF in assistant exercise are higher than that in passive exercise and resistance exercise, but the value of AEMG in resistance exercise is higher than that in assistant exercise and in passive exercise. The values of MF and MPF in synergist muscle rise, but the values of AEMG in antagonist and synergist muscle are higher than that agonist and synergist muscle.

Background The multipotent differentiation features of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a new option for cell replacement therapy of many clinical diseases.In ophthalmology,iPSCs are a good model in studying the pathogenic mechanism of degenerative ocular diseases.A better identification method for iPSCs is critical for analyzing the in vivo biological characteristics of iPSCs.Objective This study was to investigate the feasibility and stability of labeling iPSCs with quantum dots.Methods Human umbilical mesenchymal stromal cells-iPSC lines were cultured and amplified on matrigel,and the characteristics of iPSCs were evaluated by immunofluorescence.Different concentrations (5.0,7.5 and 10.0 nmol/L) of quantum dots with a CdSe/ZnS nuclear shell structure were used to label iPSCs after passaging and proliferation.The labeling outcome was observed with a three-dimensional deconvolution real-time live cells imaging system.The labeled iPSCs were subsequently cultivated,and then changes in fluorescence intensity were examined 7 days after the first and the second passaging of iPSCs.Results iPSCs were observed to grow in a clonal manner under the inverted microscope.The iPSC markers,OCT4 and Nanog,were detected by immunofluorescence.With increasing concentrations of quantum dots,the fluorescence intensities representing the levels of OCT4 and Nanog in iPSCs were gradually elevated,with optimal levels of fluorescence observed at a concentration of 10 nmol/L of quantum dots.The fluorescent labeling of OCT4 and Nanog in iPSCs remained and weakened gradually till day 7 even after the second passage.Conclusions Quantum dots labeling could be used to track iPSCs in a dose-independent manner.The fluorescent signal from the quantum dots labeling the iPSCs lasts 2 weeks at least.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the feasibility of establishing capsaicin pain model and the possibility to evaluate different degrees of pain by the heart rate variability (HRV). It also aims to investigate the changes of autonomic nervous activity of volunteers during the process of pain caused by capsaicin. A total of 30 volunteers were selected, who were physically and mentally healthy, into the study. To assess the effects of capsaicin on the healthy volunteers, we recorded the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores after the capsaicin stimulus. Additionally, the electrocardiogram signals and HRV analysis index before and after stimulating were also recorded, respectively. More specifically, the HRV analysis indexes included the time domain index, the frequency domain index, and the nonlinear analysis index. The results demonstrated that the activity of the autonomic nerves was enhanced in the process of capsaicin stimulus, especially for the sympathetic nerve, which exhibited a significantly differences in HRV. In conclusion, the degree of pain can be reflected by the HRV. It is feasible to establish a capsaicin pain model. And in further experiments, HRV analysis could be used as a reference index for quantitative evaluation of pain.
Autonomic Nervous System ; physiopathology ; Capsaicin ; Electrocardiography ; Feasibility Studies ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; methods

Background and purpose: Because of the aggressive nature of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and the absence of effective adjuvant therapy, surgical radical resection offers hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients the only choice. Research focus include preoperative assessment, the use of preoperative biliary drainage, the range of hepatic resection, and the range of lymphadenectomy. To investigate the clinical experience and efifcacy of combined hepatectomy in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Two hundred and seven patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma treated surgically in the First Afifliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University form Jan. 2007 to Oct. 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Of the 207 patients, 125 patients who received radical resection (R0 resection) and the curative resection rate was 60.4%. One hundred and iffty-six cases were treated in combined hepatectomy group, 51 cases in non-hepatectomy group, the rate of R0 resection was 70.5%in hepatectomy group and 29.4%in non-hepatectomy group, and the difference was signiifcant (P<0.01). Two patients died perioperatively, the main postoperative complications included hepatic function insufifciency and bile leakage. One hundred and seventy-two patients were followed up, the median survival time of the 102 patients who received R0 resection was 45 months, and the 1, 3, 5 year survival rates were 96.1%, 59.1%and 17.2%. The median survival time of the 70 patients who received R1-2 resection was 26 months, and the 1, 3 year survival rates were 81.3%and 19.2%, and none of the patient survived for over 5 years. The survival rate of patients who received R0 resection was signiifcantly higher than those who received R1-2 resection (χ2=39.121, P<0.01). In the hepatectomy group was awarded the R0 resection in patients with postoperative 1, 3, 5 year survival rate was 97.8%, 63.9% and 18.0%, in non-hepatectomy group received R0 resection in patients with postoperative 1, 3, 5 year survival rate was 83.3%, 20.8%and 8.3%. There were signiifcant differences in the postoperative survival rate between both group (χ2=5.988, P=0.014). Conclusion:Radical excision is the key to improve the long term survival. Combined hemihepatectomy and standardized lymph node resection has signiifcantly improved the radical resection rate and the efifcacy of treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background The construction of tissue-engineered corneal endothelium needs the functional seeding cells,so how to culture a large amount of functional corneal endothelial cells (CECs) is an urgent problem to be solved.Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of aqueous humor on bovine CECs in vitro.Methods Aqueous humor of 1.2 ml was collected from the anterior chamber of bovine and sterilized,and the liquid supernatant was obtained.The bovine CECs were isolated from bovine cornea and then cultured in low glucose Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium with 10％ fetal bovine serum (FBS) in vitro.Aqueous humor was added into the medium with the final concentration of 2.5％,5.0％,l0.0％,15.0％ and 20.0％,respectively,and no aqueous humor was added in the control group.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the absorbency value of CECs for the evaluation of cell proliferation.Progression of the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM).After confluence of the cells was reached,1 ml plastic spear tip was used to scratch the cell single layer,and the cells were incubated consequently in medium with 10％ FBS and with or without aqueous humor for 24 hours.Healing area of the cell single layer was measured.The cells were incubated at a density of 6 × 105 cells/ml and cultured using medium with or without 10.0％ aqueous human for 5 days,and the number of the cells was analyzed by DAPI fluorescence technique.Results Under the phase-contrast microscopy,the confluent CECs showed a slabstone-like and hexagonal appearance.CCK-8 assay revealed that the absorbance values of CECs was significantly different among the various culture groups (F=4.051,P =0.007),and the absorbance value in different concentrations of aqueous human culture groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).FCM showed that the percentage of the cells in S-G2 phases was (34.80-±3.13)％ in the 10.0％ aqueous humors group and (23.06±1.13)％ in the control group,showing a significant difference (t =-5.729,P=0.005).The scratch test showed that the healing area of the cell signal layer was (0.116±0.019) mm2 in the 10.0％ aqueous humors group and (0.358 ±0.049) mm2 in the control group,showing a significant difference (t =13.842,P =0.000).The density of cells in the 10.0％ aqueous humor group was (1439± 1 10)/field,which was more than (1162±45)/field in the control group (t =-11.020,P=0.000).Conclusions Aqueous humor at the concentration of 10.0％ promote the growth and proliferation of bovine CECs.The result suggests that 10.0％ aqueous humor can be used as a promoting agent during the culture of CECs.

Background Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)can differentiate into various types of somatic cells without causing ethical controversy and immune rejection in clinical activity,which is similar to differentiation ability of embryonic stem cells.So,iPSCs may be used as seed cells for tissue engineering corneal endothelial reconstruction.Objective The present study was to survey the morphologic change of iPSCs after coculture with corneal endothelium cells(CECs) under the atomic force microscopy(AFM).Methods Rabbit CECs and human MMC-iPSCs were isolated and cultured respectively.The iPSCs were identified with the marker by immunochemistry.iPSCs passaged for 7 days were then cultured with 60％ confluent CECs to establish the co-culture model.The surface morphology and cellular membrane ultrastructure of differentiated iPSCs after induced by CECs were examined by AFM combination with inverted microscope,and compared with CECs and undifferentiated iPSCs.Results Thelengthand width were(66.93±10.48)μm and (44.85 ± 8.14) μm in CECs,(12.51±1.40)μm and (10.93 ±1.69) μm in uninduced iPSCs,and(36.12±10.29) μm and(31.53±9.65)μm in CECs-induced iPSCs.Both the length and width values of CECs-induced iPSCs were statistically bigger than those uninduced iPSCs,with significant differences between them (P＜0.05),but no significant difference was seen in the width valne of CECs-induced iPSCs in comparison with CECs(P＞0.05).The convex structure of CECs cytomembrane surface showed the digitation in shape with the size and height(2.11 ± 1.03) μm and (115.68±92.08) nm respectively,and the concave structure of cytomembrane surface of CECs was fenestrae-like depression and the size was (1.49 ± 0.65) μm.The numerical valuc of mean square root roughness (Rq)and average roughness (Ra)of cytomembrane surface of CECs were(39.20±7.82)nm and (30.37±5.32)nm respectively.The convex surface of cytomembrane of iPSCs was granular-like in shape with size and height(0.39±0.22)μm and(13.11±9.18)nm respectively.The concave surface of cytomembrane of iPSCs was worm-eaten-like concave with the size(0.34±0.18)μm.The numerical value of Rq and Ra of geometrical parameters of cytomembrane surface of iPSCs were (26.60 ± 4.93)nm and (9.97 ± 3.78) nm respectively.The convex surface of cytomembrane of induced iPSCs was digital-like in shape with the size and height (1.91±0.76) μm and(106.55±77.27) nm respectively.The concave surface of cytomembrane of induced iPSCs was fenestrae-like depression and the size of concave was(1.6l±1.25) μm.The numerical value of Rq and Ra on surface of cytomembrane of induced iPSCs was (57.33± 12.80) nm and (43.63± 11.17) nm respectively.The numerical values of the size and height of convex,the size of concave,Rq and Ra on surface of cytomembrane in induced iPSCs were statistically bigger than in iPSCs(P＜0.05)and were not significant differences in comparison with CECs (P＞0.05).Conclusions Morphology of iPSCs translate toward the CECs after induce for 7 days under the AFM.This outcome lays the foundation for further study on iPSCs.