Objective To investigate the expression of c-kit and analyze its relationship with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in RCC subtypes and its clinical progression. Methods Expression of c-kit protein was retrospectively studied with immunohistochemistry in paraffin sections from 137 cases of clear renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), 82 papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), 51 chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). Results The positive rate of c-kit in ChRCC was 94.1%(48/51), it was statistically higher than that in CCRCC (16. 1%, 22/137) and PRCC (28.1 %, 23/82)(P=0. 001 ). In ChRCC, the positive expression of c-kit was related with TNM stages. The positive expression of PCNA was related with the grade in CCRCC and PRCC. But there was no relationship between PCNA expression and grade of ChRCC. It also had the relationship with the metastasis in CCRCC. Conclusions The expression of c-kit in ChRCC is higher than in other subtype of RCC, and associated with tumor local progression. That makes c-kit as a helpful marker to discriminate different subtypes of kidney cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the correct rate of ABO genotyping by meliorating AS-PCR primer. METHODS: The primer P1 was changed into primer P1' by substituting the fifth base G for C of 3' end and the ABO genotyping results of primer P1 and P1' was compared and analysed. RESULTS: The non-specific product of OO typing is reducing and the wrong genotyping of OO and AO was avoided by meliorating AS-PCR primer. CONCLUSION The rates of wrong ABO genotyping results could be effectively reduced by using altering primer P1'.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Base Sequence ; DNA Primers/genetics* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Lianggesan on the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury and explore the possible mechanisms of the therapeutic effects.

METHODSEndotoxemia was induced in Wistar rats by intravenous injection of LPS (5 mg/kg). The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely the control group, acute lung injury group (LPS group), 3 Lianggesan groups treated at different doses, and LPS+DEX treatment group. Each group, except for the control group, was further divided into 5 subgroups and examined at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 h after LPS injection. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of STAT1 and p-STAT1 in the lung tissue.

RESULTSIn LPS group, the expression of STAT1 began to increase at 1 h following LPS injection, reaching the peak level at 4 h; the peak expression of p-STAT1 occurred at 2 h after LPS administration (P<0.01). Compared with LPS group, the 3 Lianggesan groups and DEX group showed significantly decreased expressions of STAT1 and p-STAT1 at 2, 4 and 8 h after LPS injection (P<0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAbnormal expression of STAT1 occurs in the lung tissue in the event of ALI. Lianggesan can relieve LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats by decreasing the expression of STAT1 and p-STAT1.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of curcumin (Cur) on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2 and its mechanism.

METHODThe effect of curcumin on radiosensitivity was determined by the clone formation assay. The cell survival curve was fitted by Graph prism 6. 0. The changes in cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The differential expression of long non-coding RNA was detected by gene chip technology. Part of differentially expressed genes was verified by Real-time PCR.

RESULTAfter 10 micro mol L-1 Cur had worked for 24 h, its sensitization enhancement ratio was 1. 03, indicating that low concentration of curcumin could increase the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells; FCM displayed a significant increase of G2 phase cells and significant decrease of S phase cells in the Cur combined radiation group. In the Cur group, the GUCY2GP, H2BFXP, LINC00623 IncRNA were significantly up-regulated and ZRANB2-AS2 LOC100506835, FLJ36000 IncRNA were significantly down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONCur has radiosensitizing effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Its mechanism may be related to the changes in the cell cycle distribution and the expression of long non-coding IncRNA.

Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of Sanhuangyinchi Fang drug serum (SF) against hydrogen peroxide-mediated DNA oxidative damage in LO2 cells.

METHODSThe LO2 cells were randomly divided into the control group, H(2)O(2) group, SF groups (5%, 10%, and 15%) and vitE group. The morphological features of the treated LO2 cells were observed under inverted microscope. The viability of the treated cells was assessed with CCK-8 method, and the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-PX were detected biochemically. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the content of 8-OHdG, and DNA damage of the cells were evaluated by flow cytometry, ELISA, and Comet assay, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with H(2)O(2) group, the cells in SF groups (10% and 15%) and vitE group showed higher cell survival rate (P<0.05) and higher SOD, CAT, GSH-PX (P<0.05) and ROS scavenging activities (P<0.01) with markedly decreases the content of 8-OHdG (P<0.01) and reduced tailing ratio, tail length, tail moment and Olive tail moment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSF drug serum, especially at the concentration of 15%, can protect LO2 cells from H(2)O(2)-mediated DNA oxidative damage.

Cell Line ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; Deoxyguanosine ; analogs & derivatives ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of Wulongdan on the learning and memory abilities of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia and explore the mechanisms.

METHODSMale SD Rat models of chronic cerebral ischemia were established by permanent ligation of the bilateral carotid arteries. Three weeks after the operation, the rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, chronic cerebral ischemia group (model group), high-dose drug group, low-dose drug group and Yinxingye group and received the corresponding treatments on a daily basis for 5 consecutive weeks. Morris water maze was used to assess the learning and memory abilities of the rats, and Western blotting was carried out for detecting the expressions of NR1 and NR2B in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the rats in high-dose drug, low-dose drug and Yinxingye groups showed significantly shorter time of finding platform in Morris water maze test (P<0.05 or 0.01). The rats in the model group showed significantly lowered expressions of NR1 and NR2B of the cortex and hippocampus than those in the sham-operated group (P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the high-dose Wulongdan group and Yinxingye group both showed significantly increase expressions of NR1 and NR2B (P<0.01), but their expression levels still remained significantly lower than those in the sham-operated group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONWulongdan can enhance the learning and memory abilities of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia, the mechanisms of which may involve increased expressions of NR1 and NR2B in the hippocampus and cortex.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDTraditional Chinese medicine has been used widely for many years in China to treat acute pancreatitis. We have investigated the effects of Dachengqi decoction on intestinal mucosal permeability and outcome in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

METHODSForty patients with sustained SAP that required admission to the surgical intensive care unit were enrolled prospectively in the study. All of these patients were divided randomly into the Dachengqi decoction group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20) on admission. Intestinal permeability was assessed by measuring absorption of two metabolically inert markers, lactulose (L) and mannitol (M), which were administered orally. Serum concentrations of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and the ratio of lactulose to mannitol in urine (L/M) were detected in all patients.

RESULTSCompared with those in the control group, urinary L/M ratio decreased significantly in the Dachengqi decoction group on the 7th day after admission (P = 0.001). Also, serum concentrations of LPS were reduced on the 5th and 7th day after admission (P = 0.006, P = 0.008, respectively). Incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and pancreatic infection was significantly lower in the Dachengqi decoction group compared with those in the control group (P = 0.038,P = 0.025, respectively).

CONCLUSIONDachengqi decoction may promote the recovery of intestinal mucosal permeability and decrease the incidence of MODS and pancreatic infection in patients with SAP.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Oviductus Ranae (OR) on the expressions of CyclinD1, CDK6 and P15 in the liver of aged male rats.

METHODSEighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, namely the OR group, VE group and ageing model group. The rats received subcutaneous injection of D-galactose for 6 weeks to establish the aging models, and another 6 rats were injected daily with normal saline (NS) to serve as the normal control group. From the third week of the experiment, the rats were given oral OR or Vitamin E (VE) accordingly till the sixth week. After completion of the drug administration, all the rats were sacrificed for detecting the expressions of CyclinD1, CDK6 and P15 in the liver tissue by Western blotting.

RESULTSThe relative expression levels of CyclinD1, CDK6 and P15 in the liver of the rats in the OR group were 41.73-/+0.54, 23.29-/+0.30 and 1.49-/+0.30, respectively, significantly up-regulated as compared with those in the ageing model group (P<0.01). The expressions of the proteins were obviously down-regulated in the model group in comparison with those in the normal control group.

CONCLUSIONSOR treatment can lower the expressions of Cyclin D1 and CDK6 in the liver to enhance the liver cell proliferation in aged male rats. OR also promotes the expression of P15 through a feedback mechanism to prevent excessive proliferation of the cells. The effect of OR against ageing is mediated possibly by up-regulation of the proteins associated with the cell proliferation in the liver, a mechanism different from that of VE.

Aging ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based method for determining celecoxib concentration in the tongue tissue of hamsters.

METHODSCelecoxib mixed with the matrix (final concentration of 6%) was smeared on the surface of the tongue mucosa of hamsters, and the concentration and absorption rate of celecoxib in the tongue tissue were determined by HPLC at 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 min after the application.

RESULTSIn this system, the retention time of celecoxib was 4.4 min. Celecoxib concentration showed a good linear range within 25-800 microg/L (R2=0.9991, n=6), with the detection limit for celecoxib of 10 g/L (S/N=3). The extraction recoveries and method recoveries for celecoxib were 83.75%-90.01% and 91.98%-99.07%, respectively. The inter-day RSDs were 2.15%, 3.16% and 3.67%, and intra-day RSDs were 3.40%, 4.56% and 4.42%, respectively. The concentration of celecoxib in hamster tongue tissue within the first 120 min ranged from 0.685-/+0.019 microg/g to 3.168-/+0.143 g/g, reaching the peak level at 15 min.

CONCLUSIONCelecoxib can be rapidly absorbed through the tongue mucosa to reach a high concentration in the tongue tissue, indicating the possibility of oral COX-2 inhibitors to prevent oral cancer and precancerous lesions.

Animals ; Celecoxib ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cricetinae ; Pyrazoles ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Sulfonamides ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Tongue ; metabolism

AIM: To establish a more comprehensive and suitable procedure for the quality control of Semen Cassiae which can be used to supplement the evaluation procedure adopted by the Pharmacopoeia of the Peoples Republic of China. METHODS: A HPLC assay-based comprehensive quality evaluation procedure for Semen Cassiae using three bioactive compounds including anthraquinones and naphthopyrones, i.e., chrysophanol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), rubrofusarin-6-O-β-D-gentiobioside (2) and toralactone-9-O-β-D-gentiobioside (3) as the index components was established. The resultant data were further analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and data distribution methods using software SPSS 16.0. RESULTS: Sixty-six batches of Semen Cassiae obtained from various regions of China were analyzed with the procedure. Based on the test results of these batches, the content limits of the three bioactive compounds in Semen Cassiae were proposed. CONCLUSION The procedure established herein is more comprehensive and appropriate for the quality evaluation of Semen Cassiae commercially available in China, and can be used as a useful supplement to the current official method in China for the quality evaluation of Semen Cassiae.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cinnamomum aromaticum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; economics ; standards ; Principal Component Analysis ; Quality Control ; Software