This study was to investigate the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Zygophyllumfabago, by phytochemical methods. The compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were characterized by various spectroscopic data (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS) and comparison with the literature. As a result, thirteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 1-hydroxyhinesol(1), hinesol(2), atractylenolactam(3), beta-eudesmol (4), 5alpha-hydroperoxy-beta-eudesmol(5), 12-hydroxy-valenc-1(10)-en-2-one(6), pubinernoid A(7), (6S,7E)-6-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3,9-dione(8), 3-hydroxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxy-beta-ionone (9), (3S,5R, 6S, 7E)-3, 5, 6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(10), (6R,7E,9R)-9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one(11), (S)-3-hydroxy-beta-ionone(12), and blumenol A(13). Compounds 1-7 were sesquiterpenoids and 8-13 were megastigmane type norsesquiterpenoids. All the compounds were obtained from Z. fabago for the first time, and compound 1 was a new natural product.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Terpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Zygophyllum ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo investigate a reasonable perioperative nutrition support therapy for combined ‘en bloc’ liver/pancreas transplants (CLPT).MethodThe clinical data of 10 patients,5 with gastrointestinal malignancy and liver metastasis and the other 5 with end-stage liver cirrhosis complicated with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM),who had undergone CLPT in our center from May 2004 to September 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.All these patients received preioperative nutrition support,including normal food combined with nutrient solution before surgery,and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to parenteral nutrition (PN) +enteral nutrition ( EN ) and to EN after surgery.The intestinal absorption,nutritional status,laboratory test results,and complications were recorded.ResultsAll recipients experienced a smooth recovery from the procedure,with normal or almost normal liver,pancreas,and duodenum graft functions.Three patients suffered from intestinal fistula,and all of them received TPN therapy; two patients died of multiple organ failure and one recovered from the complication.The remaining seven patients had smooth transition from TPN to EN.Of the 5 patients with malignancies,three died of multiple organ failure and 2 died of cancer recurrence.Of the 5 patients with liver cirrhosis and T2DM,four patients survived and 1 patient died of graft-verse-host disease.ConclusionRational perioperative nutrition support is important for the successful recovery after CLPT.

Adult ; Hernia, Umbilical ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and elucidate its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

METHODSLiver biopsy tissues and clinical data of 32 patients with NASH were collected and the clinicopathological findings by HE and Masson staining were evaluated for NASH grading.

RESULTSBallooning degeneration of the liver cells and fibrosis around hepatic sinusoid was scarce in mild NASH cases and increased in moderate to severe cases. Steatotic and inflammatory cells in the liver lobes decrease in liver cirrhosis related to seatohepatitis.

CONCLUSIONBallooning degeneration of the liver cells and fibrosis around the hepatic sinusoid have important value in differential diagnosis of mild from moderate to severe NASH, and correct histological grading benefits clinical intervention and prognostic evaluation of NASH.

Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fatty Liver ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis

To investigate the influence of Anxin granules combined with tirofiban on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Patients after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). One hundred and twenty AMI patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The patients in the two groups were all given Tirofiban 30mins before PCI . The treatment group was added Anxin granules 30 mins before and after PCI. Tissue factor (TF) and von willebrand factor (vWF) were tested at 6 hours after operation. Syndromatology alteration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and bleeding complications were observed at 4 weeks after operation. Both TF and vWF at 6 hours after operation of the treatment group was lower than the control group significantly (P < 0.01), while the condition of myocardial ischemia at 90 mins after operation of the treatment group was better than control group with significance. The syndromatology alteration of TCM especially spontaneous perspiration and hypodynamia of the treatment group were improved significantly compared to control group 4 weeks after operation. All patients in both groups had no bleeding complications and thrombopenia. The study suggests that Anxin granules combined with tirofiba can improve the clinical efficacy and the endothelial function of AMI patients after PCI with no increase in bleeding events.
Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; metabolism ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; etiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Thromboplastin ; metabolism ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

Acute Disease ; Glucocorticoids ; Graft Rejection ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma ; Liver Transplantation

OBJECTIVETo screen the peptides that bind specifically to the hepatoma cells using phage display random peptides library.

METHODSThree rounds of panning were conducted in vitro targeting HepG2 cell lines. In nude mice bearing HepG2 tumor, one round of panning was conducted, and 30 phage clones were randomly selected for sequence analysis to identify the consensus sequence. Immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the specificity of the phages to the hepatoma cells.

RESULTSAfter three rounds of panning in vitro and one round of panning in vivo, the phages binding to HepG2 cells were enriched. Sequence analysis of the randomly selected clones identified the peptide sequence VRKRSECLGAHD as the most frequent sequence. Immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry confirmed the specificity of the phage binding to the hepatoma cells.

CONCLUSIONSSpecific peptides against hepatoma cells can be obtained from a phage- display peptide library, which provides an experimental basis for developing therapeutic agents targeting hepatoma cells.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Peptide Library ; Peptides ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Protein Binding

OBJECTIVETo observe the optimal timing of operation and the therapeutic effect of endoscopic optic nerve decompression for traumatic optic neuropathy (TON).

METHODSThe clinical records of 90 consecutive patients with TON (93 eyes) after head and/or maxillofacial trauma from April 1998 to March 2007 were reviewed and analyzed. All patients were either unresponsive or intolerant to medication before they underwent intranasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression. The time interval between the injury and operation ranged from one day to 97 days (median 5.5 days). Among the 93 eyes, there were 71 eyes with no visual acuity before operation and 22 eyes with residue visual acuity, including light perception in 1 eye, hand movement in 5 eyes, counting fingers in 13 eyes, 0.04 in 1 eye, and 0.1 in 2 eyes. Duration of follow-up ranged from 6 days to two years (median 8 days).

RESULTSAfter decompression, 35 patients (36/93 eyes, 38.7%) showed improvement of visual acuity, 53 patients (55 eyes, 59.1%) remained the same as before operation, while 2 patients (2 eyes, 2.2%) showed decreased visual acuity. Among patients with visual acuity beyond light perception before decompression, 68.2% of them (15/22 eyes) experienced visual improvement, whereas only 22.9% (8/35 eyes, 0.02 in two eyes) among patients who lost visual acuity immediately after injury, and 36.1% (13/36 eyes, 0.02 in five eyes) among those who lost visual acuity gradually after injury. There was a significant difference in visual improvement between group with visual acuity and group with no visual acuity (chi(2) = 11.864, P < 0.01). Among patients with no visual acuity, 41.2% of those (7/17 eyes) who underwent operation within 3 days of injury, experienced improvement in visual acuity, compared with 25.9% (14/54 eyes) for those who underwent the operation more than 3 days after injury. It was indicated that no significant difference in visual improvement between these two groups (chi(2) = 1.46, P > 0.05). When comparing different sites of fracture, the effect of surgery was the most desirable (55.6%, 10/18 eyes improved) if the fracture occurred simultaneously in both exterior and interior walls of optic canal, followed by the interior wall fracture (45.7%, 21/46 eyes). The operation was less effective if there was no fraction (20%, 4/20 eyes) or if the fracture occurred in exterior wall alone (11.1%, 1/9 eyes).

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic optic nerve decompression is a minimally invasive procedure with no adverse cosmetic effects. Early operation is recommended for saving vision, even though visual acuity is lost immediately after injury. However, the satisfactory clinical effects of endoscopic optic nerve decompression require further study.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Nose ; surgery ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of dust exposure and smoking on mortality of respiratory system diseases (RSD).

METHODSBased on the Guangzhou Occupational Health Surveillance Record System established between 1989 and 1992, 80,987 factory workers, aged 30 years old or older, occupationally exposed or not exposed to dusts, were included in a prospective cohort study.

RESULTS(1) The mean age of the cohort was 43.5. Most subjects were workers, had secondary education, and almost all were married. The dust exposure rate was 16.3%, the smoking rate 43.7% and the alcohol-drinking rate 33.5%. (2) The cohort was followed up for 8 years on average, but 35 people (0.04%) were lost for follow up. Among the 1593 deaths, 219 and 90 people died of lung cancer and non-cancer respiratory system diseases (NCRSD) respectively. (3) The adjusted relative risk (RR) of death of lung cancer for smokers, 3.32, was 2.2 times of that for dust exposed workers, 1.53, and the RR of death of NCRSD for dust exposed workers, 2.41, 1.28 times of that for smokers, 1.89, especially for silica dust-exposed workers, 5.72, 3.03 times of that for smokers. Dust exposure combined with smoking caused significantly higher RR of death of RSD. (4) In male, the death risks of RSD were increased with the amount of smoking per day and years of smoking.

CONCLUSIONOccupational dust exposure and smoking may cause excessive lung cancer and NCRSD death with synergistic effects. Smoking has higher RR of Lung cancer death than dust exposure. However, the dust exposure contributes to higher RR of NCRSD death. There is a significant dose-effect relationship between smoking and the death risk of RSD.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Dust ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; etiology ; mortality ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects

BACKGROUNDPatient characteristics may be an internal factor influencing patient complaints, but in China patient characterization is restricted to patient satisfaction surveys, and few studies have considered the relationship between patient characteristics and patient complaints. The aim of this research was to determine the reasons for complaints.

METHODSIn this study, we analyzed the characteristics of hospitalized patients and explored their relationship with medical complaints.

RESULTSThe significant factors were age (P = 0.045), hospital cost (P = 0.003), household nature (P < 0.001), and education (P < 0.001). The complaint rate decreased when the patients' age increased (regression coefficient, -0.606; OR, 0.545, and 95%CI, 0.301 - 0.987). The complaint rate increased with an increase in hospital cost (regression coefficient, 0.818; OR, 2.266; and 95%CI, 1.320 - 3.889). Patients from non-agricultural households had a higher complaint rate (regression coefficient, 1.051; OR, 2.861; and 95%CI, 1.611 - 5.082). Patients with higher education levels had lower complaint rates (regression coefficient, -0.944; OR, 0.389; and 95%CI, 0.234 - 0.647).

CONCLUSIONThe survey confirms that older patients and patients with higher education levels had lower complaint rates, while non-agricultural population and patients with higher hospital expenses had higher complaint rates.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Data Collection ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult