We studied and reviewed the PDCA cycle theory related literature, and summarized the research related to PDCA cycle application in the research management in hospitals in china.We also analyzed the present problems and explored future direction of development.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; HeLa Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Oxides ; pharmacology

AIM: To study the visual quality, dry eye and biomechanical stability of patients with myopia and astigmatism after different corneal refractive surgeries. ·METHODS: A total of 986 patients with myopia and astigmatism were selected as the research object in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2016, according to the operation mode of the selection of the research object, the 986 patients were randomly divided into small incision lenticule extraction ( SMILE) group, femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis ( FS-LASIK ) group, sub-bowman-keratomileusis ( SBK ) group and laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) group. The postoperative visual quality was determined by comparing the diopter, uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) and high-order image difference of 25d, 90d. The postoperative dry eye condition was determined by comparing the postoperative tear secretion test ( Schirmer Ⅰ test ) , tear film rupture time ( BUT ) and fluorescence staining ( FS) . The biomechanical stability of the patients was determined by comparing the corneal hysteresis ( CH ) and corneal resistance factor ( CRF ) values of the four groups. ·RESULTS: The diopter, UCVA, BCVA and high-order aberration comparison of FS-LASIK group, SBK group and LASIK group between before and after surgery, showed no significant difference ( P>0. 05 ); on diopter, BCVA, UCVA, there was no significant difference between before and after surgery in SMILE group (P>0. 05), but statistical significance difference on high order aberration (P<0. 05). The BUT and FS value of the four groups decreased obviously after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). In LASIK group SIt after operation significantly decreased, with statistically significant compared with that before operation ( P <0. 05). After operation, CH and CRF of the four groups decreased with significant differences (P<0. 05). ·CONCLUSION: SMILE, FS-LASIK, SBK and LASIK are equally safe, effective and stable in the treatment of myopia and astigmatism.

Herpesviruses is one of the most common human infectious diseases, which can be divided into different types based on clinical infection degree.Herpes simplex virus usually results in buccal and genital mucocutaneous infections, while cytomegalovirus is the most common opportunistic pathogen associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts, especially in transplant and cancer patients.Although nucleoside analogues are effective antiviral drugs, the emergence of drug-resistant viruses has created a barrier for the treatment of herpesviruses infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.Therefore, novel therapeutic agents are needed to avoid the limitations of drug resistance.In this article, research progress in the therapeutic agents for drug-resistant herpesviruses was reviewed from the aspects of non-nucleoside analogues, novel antiviral targets and newly antiviral mechanisms.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Panax ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Saponins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Panax ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography (CTA)and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)for carotid artery dissection. Methods The image data of carotid artery ultrasonography,CTA,and DSA of 24 patients with carotid artery dissection were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-four,16,and 21 patients were examined with DSA,CTA,and carotid artery ultrasonography respectively. The detection rates of carotid artery dissection with DSA,CTA, and carotid artery ultrasonography were 95. 8%,75.0%,and 71. 4% respectively. The DSA mostly showed the line-like sign (n=12,50 %). CTA and carotid artery ultrasonography mostly showed the double lumen sign;they were 37. 5%(n=6)and 52. 4%(n=11)respectively. Compared with DSA,the concordance rates of carotid artery ultrasonography and CTA were 66. 7% and 81. 3% respectively. There was no significant difference (Kappa=0. 39,P=0. 08 and Kappa=0. 43,P =0. 22 respectively). The concordance rate of ultrasonography in combination with CTA and DSA reached 87. 5%(n=15,Kappa=0. 67,P =0.047). There was significant difference. Conclusion DSA is a gold standard for the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection,and it is irreplaceable. Carotid artery ultrasonography in combination with CTA can improve the diagnostic rate. Carotid artery ultrasonography can be used as a screening method for carotid artery dissection.

A polydimethylsiloxane ( PDMS )/glass microfluidic chip consisting of a three-layer sandwich structure and three-parallel micro-electrode system was fabricated for the separation of polystyrene microspheres according to the particle size in high conductive solution by electric field produced by alternating current. The principle of electrokinetics of microspheres directional movement was investigated. The results showed that, when the applied voltage was 14 V at 100 kHz, the separation efficiency of 10 and 25 μm polystyrene microspheres was the best. Similarly, with a voltage of 10 V at 2 MHz, the separation efficiency of 5 and 25 μm polystyrene microspheres could achieve the highest value. Meanwhile, the voltage of 11 V at 1 MHz was suitable for the separation of 5 , 10 and 25 μm polystyrene microspheres with the separation efficiency of over 90%. At the same time, the formation of the laminar region in the middle of the electrode gap was the key role of microsphere separation.

Objective:To investigate the application of Xingnaojing injection ( XNJI) in the patients of neurosurgery department to provide reference for the rational drug use. Methods:The retrospective investigation was applied to survey 200 hospitalization records with XNJI from a certain hospital between January 2014 and June 2015. The usage, dosage, medication purpose, course of treatment, compatibility and adverse effects of XNJI were analyzed. Results:The unlabeled use of XNJI was found in neurosurgery department, and 34. 50% of the surveyed patients were found that their diagnoses didn’t conform to the indications in the medicine specification of XNJI. Moreover, 92. 50% of the inpatients were treated with overdose and almost 90. 00% were treated with single drug dose of 40 ml. It was also found that XNJI was often combined with potassium chloride or with potassium chloride plus insulin in clinical use. Conclu-sion:There is some irrational use of XNJI in clinics, thus the use and management of traditional Chinese medicine injections should be strengthened and regulated.

Objective To observe the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cholesterol gallstones formation in C57BL/6 mice with diet-induced cholesterol gallstone,and then explore the potential mechanism.Methods Fifty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 mice in each group),referring to control group,experimental group,experimental plus DHA group,experimental plus EPA group,as well as experimental plus DHA and EPA group.The mice in control group were fed with regular diet,and the rest of the mice with lithogenic diet (LD).Subsequent to feeding the mice with separate diets for two weeks,EPA and/or DHA (70 mg · kg-1 · d-1) were orally administered for eight weeks,while the LD feeding was continued during this period.After a total of 10 weeks,the mice were dissected to observe the gallstone formation.The levels of serum lipids,total cholesterol (TC) and phospholipids (PL) in bile,and TC in the liver were tested,and the protein expression of HMGCR,SRBI,ABCG5/ABCG8,CYP7A1 and ABCB11genes in the liver of mice was measured.Results Compared with the experimental group,the experimental plus EPA group had significantly lower TC in liver (0.033 ±0.008 mmolo/g) and bile (1.807 ±0.381 mmolo/L),and lower relative protein expression levels of HMGCR (0.545±0.098),ABCG5 (0.418±0.089) and ABCG8 (0.501 ±0.151)in liver (P＜ 0.05).The contents of TC in liver and bile,and the protein expression of HMGCR,ABCG5andABCG8 in liver were 0.048 ± 0.006 mmol/g and 2.662 ± 0.339 mmolo/L,and 1.011 ± 0.213,1.037 ± 0.276 and 1.266 ±0.312,respectively.No significant differences were observed between experimental plus DHA group and experimental group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions EPA could prevent the cholesterol gallstone formation in mice by decreasing the expression of HMGCR and ABCG5/8 genes in liver,therefore reducing cholesterol synthesis and blocking cholesterol transport from liver to bile as well as diminishing cholesterol content in the bile.However,the inhibition effect of DHA on cholesterol gallstone formation was not obvious.