Objective To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of prostate cancer with prostate specific antigen(PSA)4-10?g/L. Methods The data of prostate biopsies for the patients with PSA 4-10?g/L from May 1998 to February 2004 and the treatment and prognosis of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results In the 141 cases, 34 were diagnosed as prostate cancer, including 3 cT1, 21 cT2, 6 cT3 and 4 cT4. Mean Gleason score was 5.8, and the mean Gleason scores of cT1 and cT2 were significantly lower than those of cT3 and cT4. Twenty-four cases of cT1 and cT2 underwent radical prostatectomy. Four cases of cT3 recieved radical prostateetomy after 4 months of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. Two cases of cT3 and 4 cT4 received castration. Pathological section from radical surgeries showed that 21 cases were organ confined and 7 were locally invasive. The difference of mean Gleason score between these two groups was significant in statistics. After 18 to 69 months (mean 42 months)follow-up, 21 organ confined cases were free survived, 4 locally invasive cases had biochemical recurrence and 1 case had multifocal bone metastasis. No cancer-specific death happened. Two of 4 cT4 cases were still alive and 2 died of the tumor. Conclusions Routine needle biopsy is necessary for the cases with“grave area”PSA of 4～10 ?g/L. Prostate cancers with PSA 4～10/?g/L are not always early diseases. Gleason score is a very important index for determine the stage of pathology after surgery. Radical prostatectomy is an effective treatment for organ confined disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the blood enriching effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba, paeoniflorin and albiflorin on mouse model of blood deficiency caused by γ-ray radiation.

METHODBuild mouse model of blood deficiency induced by γ-ray radiation. Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were given during modeling. The amount of WBC was detected af- ter the treatment. Based on the result of WBC and paeoniflorin content, albiflorin content in Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba, the same model and the same method were used to comparatively study the effect of blood enriching of paeoniflorin and albiflorin.

RESULTOn the 7th day, the amount of WBC in model mice treated with 2 g x kg(-1) Paeoniae Radix Alba and 2 g x kg(-1) Paeoniae Radix Rubra significantly increased compared with that of model group (P < 0.05). In another experiment with the same model, the amount of WBC in model mice treated with 120 mg x kg(-1) paeoflorin and 120 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with that of model group on the 7th day. On the 10th day, the amount of WBC in rats treated with 120 mg x kg(-1) paeoflorin increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with that of model group. Compared with the same dose of paeoniflorin, the amount of WBC in mice treated with albiflorin had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONAll Paeoniae Radix Alba, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, paeoniflorin and al- biflorin can raise the amount of WBC and have the effect of enriching blood induced by radiation, while paeoniflorin and albiflorin have a similar result in this model. The result indicated that both paeoniflorin and albiflorin are effective constituents in Paeoniae Radix Alba, and paeoniflorin work as the common effective constituent in both Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba.

Animals ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; pharmacology ; Gamma Rays ; adverse effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Male ; Mice ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of Acai berries(Euterpe oleraceae) on chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats and their mechanism.

METHODWistar rats were fed for 1 week and randomly divided into blank group, model group, Dongbao Gantai group, Acai 1.6, 0.8, 0.4 g . kg-1 groups. The blank group was given distilled water, and the other groups were orally given 56% white spirit (Erguotou) for eight weeks at the dosages of 8 mL . kg-1 in the 1st week, which increased by 0.1 mL week by week till to 15 mL . kg-1, in order to establish the chronic hepatic injury model, and observe the effect of Acai berry freeze-dried powder on hepatocyte membrane permeability, liver lipid peroxidation, changes in inflammatory cytokines and pathological changes in hepatocytes.

RESULTAcai berries could significantly reduce serum ALT and AST(P<0.05), MDA(P<0.05), TG(P<0.05) and serum TNF-α and IL-6(P <0.05) and increase GSH and SOD(P <0.05). According to liver histopathological observation, livers in the model group were dominated by steatosis, some livers suffered spotty necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration; The positive drug and Acai groups showed different changes in pathologic changes in rat livers.

CONCLUSIONAcai berries show s specific protective effect on alcoholic hepatic injury. Its mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of such inflammatory factors as TNF-α and IL-6.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Chronic Disease ; Cytokines ; blood ; Euterpe ; chemistry ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Ten glycosidic compounds were isolated from an ethanol extract of Machilus wangchiana by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase flash chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis (IR, MS, and NMR) as icariside B1 (1), boscialin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), pisumionoside (3), isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (4), 5'-methoxyisolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (5), lyoniresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (6), (E) -4-hydroxyphenylprop-7-ene 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), (E) - 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylprop-7-ene 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (8), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylprop-8-ene 4-O-β-D-xylopyraosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (9), and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenylprop-8-ene 4-O-α-L-rhamnpyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-β-D- glucopyranoside (10), respectively.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lauraceae ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Adolescent ; Adult ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx ; pathology ; Sulfuric Acid Esters ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the significance of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) in the severity and prognosis assessments of diffuse axonal injury (DAI).Methods The levels of serum NSE were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) at 12 hours and 1st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury in 79patients with DAI.The relationship of serum NSE level with the severity and the prognosis of DAI were analyzed in the patients with DAI.Another 15 patients with only limb fracture and without hemorrhagic shock treated in the hospital during the same period served as the control group.Results The serum NSE levels of the mild injury group were (10.47 ± 2.75) ng/L,(13.41 ± 3.45) ng/L,(16.41 ±4.14) ng/L,(15.57 ±4.28) ng/L,(7.95 ±2.79) ng/L,and (6.39 ± 1.55)ng/L at 12 hours and 1st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury.The serum NSE levels of the moderate injury group were (14.98 ± 3.78) ng/L,(19.88 ± 4.78)ng/L,(22.41 ±5.50) ng/L,(20.11 ±6.60) ng/L,(14.59 ±6.64) ng/L,and (8.31 ±3.83) ng/L respectively at 12 hours and 1st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury.While the serum NSE levels of the severe injury group were (27.22 ± 4.54) ng/L,(36.43 ± 10.38) ng/L,(41.32 ± 12.44) ng/L,(43.98 ±9.51) ng/L,(42.22 ± 13.05) ng/L,and (37.59 ± 12.96) ng/L at 12 hours and 1st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury respectively.The NSE levels in each time point were significantly higher in the severe injury group than in the mild and moderate injury groups (F within =28.11,P ＜ 0.001 ; F between =57.34,P ＜0.001 ;F interaction =8.21,P ＜ 0.001 ;P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group ((6.26 ± 1.35) ng/L),the serum NSE levels of the DAI group were significantly different at 12 hours after injury ((18.16 ± 3.76)ng/L,t =2.938,P ＜ 0.01).At three months after injury,patients were divided into the decreased group (n =9),poor prognoses group (in vegetative state or severely disabled,n =29) and good prognoses group (moderately disabled or completely recovered,n =41) according to the GOS score.The serum NSE levels of the decreased group were (32.07 ± 5.73) ng/L,(43.12 ± 15.04) ng/L,(48.26 ± 14.89) ng/L,(50.47 ±11.05) ng/L,(52.90 ±3.82) ng/L,and (56.17 ± 14.62) ng/L respectively at 12 hours and 1st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury.The serum NSE levels of the poor prognoses group were (21.90 ± 4.95) ng/L,(24.13 ± 9.94) ng/L,(26.43 ± 6.99) ng/L,(21.62 ± 9.77) ng/L,(15.80 ± 7.15) ng/L,and (10.16 ± 2.33) ng/L respectively at 12 hours and 1st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury.The serum NSE levels of the good prognoses group were (13.61 ±4.56) ng/L,(13.75 ±5.10) ng/L,(14.77 ±5.41) ng/L,(13.47 ±4.49) ng/L,(8.92 ± 5.61) ng/L,and (6.60 ± 2.30) ng/L at 12 hours and 1 st,2nd,3rd,7th and 14th days after injury respectively.At each time point,the serum NSE levels were significantly different in the decreased group than in the good prognoses and the poor prognoses groups (F within =18.70,P ＜ 0.001 ; F between =62.97,P ＜0.001 ;F interaction =11.83,P ＜0.001).Conclusion The serum NSE levels can be regard as an index for judging the injury severity and prognosis of DAI,and can be used to guide the option and adjustment of therapeutic approaches for patients with DAI.

Objective To retrospectively analyze medical data of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) so as to provide evidence for clinical use of opportunistic screening.Methods A total of 2450 CRC patients (male 1377,female 1073) who were treated at five hospitals in North China during October 2001 and September 2011 and had complete medical records and pathological results were recruited.The correlations of incidenceofCRCwithage,gender,tumorlocationandhistologicaltypeswere analyzed.Results Of all the CRC patients,those less than 50 years old accounted for 18.14％ ; and the incidence of CRC was substantially increased in those over 50 years old.Seventy-three percent of tumor occurred at the rectum and sigmoid colon,6％ at descending colon,7％ at transverse colon and 14％ at ascending colon.Moderately,well or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma accounted for 50.33％,40.35％and 9.32％,respectively.Histological differentiation was not correlated with age and gender ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Age and gender should not be considered a determination of opportunistic screening for CRC.Colonoscopy is recommended as an alternative CRC screening procedure.

To examine the effects of heterologous expression of ZrGPD1 (encoding glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase ) cloned from osmotolerant yeast Zygosacharomyces rouxii on glycerol production in wild Pichia farinosa,the URA3 gene was amplified from P. farinosa as the homology integrative region. A recombinant plasmid (pUR-ZG) was constructed then transformed into P. farinosa by electroporation. The transformant pfa-gu was obtained by the selectable marker Zeocin TM . Primary results showed that the biomass of pfa-gu was higher than the wild type in the flask and after 72h fermentation the concentration of glycerol of pfa-gu was 37g/L enhanced 30% in comparison with the wild type. It is concluded that heterologous expression of ZrGPD1 is useful for increasing glycerol production and the ability of osmoregulation in P. farinosa.

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of lupus flares on maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).MethodsData was obtained from 46 pregnancies of 44 pregnant women with SLE.The relationship between lupus flares and pregnant outcomes,and the risk factors for adverse maternal and fetal prognosis were analyzed.T-test,X2 test or Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results① Lupus flares occurred in19(41％)pregnancies(group A) and stable lupus disease was observed in 27(59％) pregnancies(group B) during pregnancy.Compared to pregnancies in patients with stable lupus disease at the conception(n=32),pregnancies in patients with unstable lupus disease at the conception(n=8) had higher lupus flare during pregnancy( 100％ vs 16％,P＜0.05).(②) The common manifestations of lupus flares during pregnancy were lupus nephritis (LN) (11 cases),skin rashes (10 cases),arthritis (7 cases),and the common complication was infection ( 11 cases).(③) The incidence of premature labor,fetal growth retardation (FGR) and fetal loss in group A was 42％,47％ and 26％ respectively,which was significantly higher than that of the group B (7％,15％ and 0 respectively)(P＜0.05).There was no difference in the incidence of preeclampsia,fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups ( 16％ vs 7％,16％ vs 19％,5％ vs O,respectively,P＞0.05).The incidence of premature labor and FGR in patients with active LN was higher than that of patients without active LN (55％ vs 11％,64％ vs 17％,respectively,P＜0.05).(④)The binary Logistic regression analysis showed that renal impairment,hypocomplementemia,aPL and serum urea nitrogen level were independent risk factors for premature delivery,FGR,fetal loss and fetal distress.Conclusion(①) Lupus flares during pregnancy increase the incidence of premature labor,FGR and fetal loss.Active LN during pregnancy can increase the incidence of premature labor and FGR.② Renal impairment,hypocomplementemia,aPL and serum urea nitrogen level are associated with adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with SLE.

A fragment sized 400bp of White spot syndrome virus（WS SV，formerly de signated NOSV），recovered from recombinant plasmid pAFD, was labeled with Digox igenin as a probe to detect dynamic distribution of WSSV within 120h and 72h in crawfishes（Cambarus proclarkii） inoculated WSSV by oral taking and injecti on r espectively. Stomach epithelium, intestine epithelium, heart, gill, haemolymph, muscle, hepatopancreas, hypoderm, connective tissue and ovary of infected crawfi shes were examined for WSSV. In both groups, WSSV was first detected in heamoly mph at 12h p.i. and then disappeared. Again it was detected at 96h p.i. only in oral infection group and maintained till 120h p.i., but it didn't appear at 72h p.i. in injection group. WSSV in heart, muscle was detected at 36h p.i. in oral infection group and 24h p.i. in injection group respectively, and then increased generally. In addition, WSSV in intestine epithelium, connective tissue, ovary of oral infection group and intestine epithelium, hypoderm, ovary of injection g roup could also be detected. In dead crawfishes after 120h and 72h p.i. in two groups, WSSV could be detected in all the examined tissues and it demonstrated t hat systemic infection occurred in the animales. The tissue containing more amo unts of WSSV was hypoderm in oral infection group, while intestine epithelium, g ill, hypoderm, ovary in injection infection group. It deduced that WSSV first a ppears in haemolymph and then goes into heart, muscle and other tissues and prol iferates in them. Once again, WSSV is released into heamolymph resulting in syst emic infection till crawfishes' death.